放射诱导经Egr-1启动子调控的腺病毒介导CDglyTK基因的肿瘤靶向表达

目的：构建由Egr-1基因启动子驱动CDglyTK基因表达的腺病毒载体,通过放射诱导调控CDglyTK基因的肿瘤靶向表达,用于肝癌的基因－放射治疗,方法：利用细菌内高效同源重组法,制备腺病毒载体AdEger-CD/TK.MM45T.Li肝癌细胞感染AdEger-CD/TK后,体外观察γ射线照射诱导CDglyTK基因表达及在前药5－FC、GCV存在的条件下钉对存活率的变化。利用荷瘤小鼠肝癌模型观察不同处理的抑瘤效应。结果：体外实验结果显示,γ射线照射可诱导CDglyTK基因在MM45T.Li肿瘤细胞内的表达,并呈剂量依赖性;显著增强细胞对前药5－FC、GCV的敏感性（P＜0．01）;当5－FC和GCV同时存在时具有明显的协同效应。体内抗肿瘤实验结果提示,与单纯肿瘤局部照射（TLI）、瘤内注射AdEger-CD/TK＋腹腔注射5－FC＋GCVD土产且相比,瘤内注射AdEger-CD/TK＋腹腔注射5－FC＋GCV合并TLI组的抗瘤效果最好（P＜0．01）,并可使30％的肿瘤完全消退,且未见全身毒性反应的增加,结论：利用放射调控CDglyTK基因的肿瘤靶向表达,是一种安全、有效的肿瘤基因治疗新策略。     

树鼩胆固醇酯转运蛋白的cDNA和蛋白质结构分析

目的　获得不易感动脉粥样硬化动物树胆固醇酯转运蛋白 (CETP)的cDNA和蛋白质序列 ,分析其结构特点 ,寻找其可能的抗动脉粥样硬化分子机制。方法　以从树肝脏mRNA反转录获得的cDNA一链为模板 ,应用SMART RACE技术 ,获得了树CETP的cDNA序列 ,并推导出其蛋白质氨基酸序列 ,应用分子生物学软件对该蛋白的一级、二级结构进行分析和比较。结果　获得的树CETPcDNA(在GenBank中的注册号为AF334 0 33)长 16 36bp ,编码 485个氨基酸 ,其成熟蛋白由 477个氨基酸组成 ,比人多一个氨基酸 (Gly318) ,该蛋白与人、家兔的同源性分别为 88%和 82 %。序列中与CETP结合和转运中性脂质功能相关的区域均非常保守 ,但在Asn34 2位的N 糖基化位点缺失 ,可能使其转运胆固醇酯的活性增加 ,利于外周组织和血浆中的胆固醇及其酯的清除。通过对不同种属蛋白序列的比较 ,初步分析了树CETP蛋白与功能相关的结构特点。结论　树CETP糖基化的特点有可能是该动物对动脉粥样硬化具有不易感性的分子机理之一     

Construction of a recombinant plasmid harbouring the rhoptry protein 1 gene of Toxoplasma gondii and preliminary observations on DNA immunity

Objective To observe the immune responses elicited in BALB/c mice by a DNA vaccine. A ge ne encoding rhoptry protein 1 (ROP1) from Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) was cloned into vector pcDNA3.Methods Amplifyied gene fragments coding for ROP1 from the genomic DNA of T.gondii ZS2 were inserted into cloning vector, pUC18, and sub-cloned into pcDNA3. Mice wer e injected at a dosage of 100 μg recombinant plasmid DNA by intramuscular inje ction and boosted after 2 weeks. pcDNA3 and normal saline were used as control . 30, 50 and 70 days after the second immunization, NK cell activity, T lympho cyte proliferation and sub-clusters and serum IgG antibody were assayed.Results The specific gene fragment coding for ROP1 was amplified and a pcROP1 recombinan t was constructed. At 30 days after immunization, the spleens of the mice were obviously enlarged evidently. NKC activity and the proliferation of spleen T ly mphocytes seen on MTT assay were higher in pcROP1 group than in the controls. T he number of CD4(+) T cells exhibited no obvious increase compared with that of the control, but CD8(+) T cells were obviously increased (P<0.05). At 90 d ays after vaccination, the titer of IgG antibody in the serum of vaccinated mice was positive (1∶100).Conclusion pcROP1 was constructed and it could elicit both cellular and humoral immune r esponses in immunized mice.     

Diagnosis and surgical treatment of multiple endocrine neoplasia

Background Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) is relatively rare. But more patients could be found by detailed examination. We discuss the diagnosis and surgical treatment of MEN. Methods The clinical data of 95 MEN cases were retrospectively analyzed. There were 30 cases of MEN1 including 19 cases from 6 families. The MEN1 gene mutation was detected in 81.48% of cases admitted after 1997. There were 22 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), 10 cases of enteropanceatic tumor including 9 cases of insulinoma, 15 cases of pituitary adenoma, 9 cases of adrenal adenoma, 2 cases of thymic carcinoid. Two patients had 4 glands involved, 3 patients had 3 glands involved, 16 patients had 2 glands involved, and 6 patients had only one gland involved. Three patients had neither clinical symptoms nor biochemical changes, and was diagnosed by MEN1 gene mutation. Six patients presented with nephrolithasis and 6 patients had impaired pancreatic endocrine function. There were 60 cases of MEN2a and 5 cases of MEN2b. 58 cases of MEN2a belongs to 19 kindreds. All MEN2a patients but one presented RET gene mutation in codon 634, and all MEN2b cases had mutation in codon 918. 48 cases of MEN2a had thyroid masses with elevated calcitonin levels. 27 patients had pheochromocytoma including 12 cases of multiple loci and 5 malignancy. 13 patients presented with hyperparathyroidism. 5 MEN2b patients had medullary thyroid carcinoma and mucosal ganglioneuromatosis with Marfanoid. Among them, 3 patients had bilateral pheochromocytoma. Results In MEN1, subtotal parathyroidectomy was performed in 12 patients with PHPT and one patient received parathyroid adenoma enucleation. Insulinomas were enucleated in 4 patients. Two patients underwent thymus tumor extirpation. Total thyroidectomy with bilateral dissection of regional lymph nodes was performed in 16 patients with MEN2a and nodule enucleation was performed in 9 patients. Twenty two MEN2a patients underwent pheochromocytoma enucleation including bilateral adrenal resection in 10 cases. 5 MEN2b patients underwent total thyroidectomy with bilateral lymph node dissection. Among them, 3 cases underwent bilateral adrenal operations. Conclusions MEN varies in symptoms. Germline mutation test is helpful in establishing a diagnosis. Surgical management should be aimed at the improvement of life quality in MEN1 and prevention of the fetal tumors in MEN2.     

Histochemical study of transmyocardial laser channels in dogs

目的　了解激光心肌血运重建术时激光对心肌的损伤。方法　在狗心肌上用CO2 激光打孔。术后即刻、两周时于打孔处取材 ,用硝基蓝四唑法作琥珀酸脱氢酶、乳酸脱氢酶组织化学染色。结果　术后即刻 ,孔道及其周围心肌分为五个区。中央为孔道即组织汽化区 ,向外依次为碳化区、酶消失区、酶减少区、酶浓缩区。两周后孔道区被肉芽组织取代 ,周围心肌细胞酶活性正常。结论　激光心肌血运重建术术后即刻 ,孔道周围心肌细胞酶活性由内向外依次呈消失、减少、浓缩改变。术后两周可逆性损伤的心肌细胞酶活性恢复。     

Expression and function of c-kit receptor in bone marrow mononuclear cells of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes

目的　了解骨髓增生异常综合征 (MDS)骨髓单个核细胞c kit受体的表达与功能。方法　采用免疫荧光方法测定c kit受体蛋白 (CD117)的表达 ;逆转录 聚合酶链反应方法测定c kitmRNA的表达 ;细胞培养检测c kit受体的功能。结果　CD117表达率正常人为 3 0 4 %± 1 4 9% ,MDS患者为 8 58%± 5 2 8% ,两者差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5) ;RA患者为 5 12 %± 2 13% ) ,RAEB RAEB t患者为 10 0 1%± 5 0 7% ,两者差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5) ;MDS继发白血病患者为 32 4 3%± 18 16 %。MDS患者c kit基因mRNA表达与CD117表达相一致。正常骨髓单个核细胞体外半固体培养 ,在加入造血干细胞因子、白细胞介素 3、红细胞生成素 (SCF IL 3 Epo)后形成的粒 巨噬细胞集落 (CFU GM)较仅加入IL 3 Epo显著增多 (P <0 0 5) ,红系爆式集落 (BFU E)数量极显著增多 ,且BFU E体积显著增大(P <0 0 1)。MDS患者在上述相同条件下CFU GM数量无明显变化 (P >0 0 5) ,与正常对照比较 ,CFU GM和BFU E数量均显著减少 (P <0 0 5)。结论　MDS患者骨髓单个核细胞CD117表达明显高于正常对照 ,且与病情进展相关 ;c kitmRNA表达与CD117表达相一致 ;MDS患者骨髓单个核细胞体外培养时 ,SCF协同IL 3、Epo促进造血干 祖细胞增殖分化能力较正常对照明     

Diagnosis and treatment of bronchial rupture from blunt thoracic trauma

目的　探讨外伤性支气管断裂的诊断与治疗。方法　回顾性分析 196 9年 6月— 1999年 6月我院收治的 31例外伤性支气管断裂的患者 ,全部行胸部X线摄片、支气管断层、支气管镜检查。并对其外科治疗和并发症进行探讨。结果　通过支气管断层、支气管镜检查全部得到明确诊断。 2 6例施行端端吻合术 ,4例施行全肺切除术 ,1例用带血管蒂的肋间肌、肋骨瓣修补破裂成功。 1例术后死于呼吸困难综合症 ,其余 30例效果满意。本给 81% (2 5 31)为延迟诊断与治疗。典型临床表现有 :皮下气肿、呼吸困难、伤后昏迷间期。X线表现 :纵隔气肿、气胸、萎陷肺下垂症、肺的阴影增宽。结论　支气管镜是最实用、最准确的诊断与治疗方法。术中使用支气管镜可较容易地找到支气管破裂处。术后肺功能恢复良好     

Stable clonal expansion of the T-cell receptor Vβ6， Vβ17 and Vβ19 T cells in a cGVHD case using genescan analysis

Objective To investigate the distribution and clonality of the T-cell receptor (TCR) Vβ repertoire in chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD).Methods The complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) of the TCRβ gene with 24 variab le regions was amplified in peripheral blood mononuclear cells drawn from one cG VHD patient after allogenic bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT) 35, 39, 43 o r 45 months respectively, using RT-PCR, to observe the expression of TCR Vβ re pertoire T cells.The PCR products were further analyzed by genescan to evaluat e clonality of T cells.Results Fourteen or 16 TCR Vβ subfamily T cells were detected in each sample of cGVHD c ase. Oligoclonal T cells were identified in TCR Vβ 6, 16, 17, 19 and 21 subfamili es.The stable clonal T cells in all samples were identified in Vβ6, Vβ17 and Vβ21 subfamilies. Conclusion Skewing distribution and stable clonal expansion of T cells can be found in cG VHD cases and it may be related to the initiation of cGVHD.     

cGMP对大鼠心肌细胞葡萄糖摄取的抑制作用

目的：观察大鼠心脏两种负荷状况时环化鸟苷一磷酸（cGMP）对心肌细胞摄取葡萄糖的影响。方法：应用cGMP类似物8-BrcGMP、一氧化氮合酶（NOS）抑制剂L-NAME和NO供体SNAP灌注Wistar大鼠心脏,并用放免法测定组织内cGMP浓度。根据2-^3H标记率计算葡萄糖摄取量。结果：低负荷状况时8-BrcGMP使冠脉血流增加,细胞内糖原浓度升高。高负荷状况时8-BrcGMP使心排出量减少,心肌细胞对葡萄糖摄取减少和使糖原浓度降低。L-NAME降低心肌细胞cGMP逍度,并刺激葡萄糖摄取,而SNAP作用则相反。结论：心肌细胞内cGMP浓度升高,可抑制葡萄糖摄取;而NOS抑制剂L-NAME则能降低cGMP浓度,使心肌细胞葡萄糖摄取增加,糖原分解减少,使缺血心肌功能受到保护。     

钙调蛋白基因缺陷HIS3酵母菌株的构建和鉴定

目的：构建白念珠菌钙调蛋白基因（CMD1）缺陷HS3酵母菌体,为进一步探讨钙调蛋白基因突变对真菌生长周期及致病性的影响奠定基础。方法：首先将含cmd1::TRP1置换序列的质粒I转化二倍体酵母菌株YPH501(his3trplural）,经Soutthern印迹法筛选出含TRP1序列的菌株。其次,将含CMD1序列的质粒Ⅱ转化以上TRP1阳性菌株,进行减数分裂后选择得到TRP1阳性酵母菌株单倍体。最后,将含trp1:HIS3置换序列质粒Ⅲ转化上述TRP1阳性单倍体菌株,用不含His培养基培养得到钙调蛋白基因缺陷HIS3酵母菌株。结果：经Southern印迹法证实cmd1：TRP1基因置换克隆;减数分裂后选择得到了TRP1阳性酵母菌株单倍体;质粒Ⅲ转化单倍体后经不含His培养基培养得到CMD1缺陷HIS3菌株,接种于不含Trp倍养基上未见有菌落生长,说明质粒Ⅲ转化单倍体后已将his3TRP1转换成HIS3trp1。结论：成功构建了钙调蛋白基因缺陷HIS3酵母菌株,基因型为cmd1trp1HIS3。