浅谈"立、查、审、处"四权分离机制在药品执法中的运用

在药品执法中实行"立、查、审、处"四权分离机制,是规范执法行为、确保案件质量的重要措施.微山县药监局自成立以来,通过不断实践探索,逐步建立了一套行之有效的运行办法,保证了1500多起案件无一复议或诉讼,无一人出现违规违纪行为.我们的具体操作程序如图:     

用PCR技术对淋巴结核进行病原学检查的初步研究

By using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique in amplifying a reparative DNA sequence specific for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the pathogenic bacterium in paraffin-embedded tissue was identified. A 123-base-pair fragment, specific PCR product, was obtained from all 12 cases of tuberculous lymphadenitis and 4 out of 10 cases in which tuberculosis was suspected. In the 4 suspected cases, 3 cases showed good results when treated by anti-tuberculosis therapy. The remaining case was lost from follow-up. Comparing acid-fast stain and PCR results, we confirm that PCR method is more powerful and more sensitive than acid-fast stain in the etiological diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis.     

胶质细胞瘤复发前后Cyclin D1和P16的表达

目的　探讨CyclinD1,P16在胶质瘤复发前后表达改变及其意义。方法　采用免疫组织化学LsABC法对 4 5例复发胶质瘤瘤组织、瘤旁脑组织和 10例正常脑组织CyclinD1,P16蛋白表达进行检测 ,统计分析CyclinD1,P16表达水平与胶质瘤分级、肿瘤复发的关系。结果　正常脑组织 ,瘤旁脑组织和胶质瘤组织CyclinD1表达依次升高 ,而P16的表达依次下降 ;肿瘤复发CyclinD1表达增强 ,P16的表达减弱。结论　CyclinD1与P16的表达与胶质瘤恶性进程和复发密切相关。     

Alterations of G-protein Coupling Function in Phosphoinositide Signalling Pathways of Rat Hippocampus by Ischaemic Brain Injury

The activation of membrane-associated phospholipase C is rapidly and transiently induced in the central nervous system by a variety of stimuli. Ischaemic brain injury is one of the situations that leads to a dramatic increase in polyphosphoinositide (PPI) turnover. In this study, stimulation of PPI hydrolysis by glutamate (500 μM) was measured in hippocampal slices from rats up to 21 days after an ischaemic insult of 30 min. Ischaemia was induced using the four-vessel occlusion method. PPI hydrolysis elicited by glutamate was significantly increased in the slices prepared from ischaemic rats 24 h after reperfusion, the accumulation of inositol phosphates (InsP_s) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP₃) was 614±74% ( n = 8) and 182±11% ( n = 9) of the basal level respectively. This potentiation was also observed 21 days after ischaemia. Hyper-responsiveness to glutamate was also accompanied by an increase in AIF⁻₄-stimulated formation of [³H]inositol phosphates. In addition, global ischaemia did not change either high-affinity [³H]glutamate binding in hippocampal membranes or the stimulation of PPI hydrolysis by carbachol or noradrenaline in hippocampal slices. The present results suggest that the increased responsiveness to glutamate is the result, at least in part, of functional changes at the G-protein level, and may contribute to the pathophysiology of ischaemic brain injury or to the regenerative phenomena that accompany ischaemic damage.     

鼻腔粘膜吸收庆大霉素功能的研究

用静脉内、肌肉内及鼻腔内三种给药途径给１０只狗按５ｍｇ／ｋｇ用４０ｍｇ／ｍｌ的庆大霉素，并使用双波长色谱扫描法测定０～１８０分钟血清庆大霉素的浓度，比较其生物利用度。发现鼻内给药的生物利用度为静脉注射的８０．５％，肌肉注时为４２％。鼻腔用药后１０～３０分钟血清浓度达到高峰，范围在３．７～６．６μｇ／ｍｌ，半衰期长达３小时左右，表明鼻粘膜对庆大霉素有良好的通透性，可使其迅速吸收入血，并能在血中长时间维持有效浓度。     

A study on contents of trace elemants Sr、Ni、Se~(4＋)in different parts of Jilinpanaxginseng

$ＢａｓｉｃＣｏｌｌｅｇｅｏｆｍｅｄｉｃａｌＳｃｉｅｎｅｓ；ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＥｎｄｅｍｉｃＤｉｓｅａｓｅｓ     

Ag—NOR计数在区分良恶性甲状腺病变中的意义

随机选择经长期随访证实的滤泡性甲状腺癌和腺瘤各10例,正常甲状腺组织5例作为对照。按Ploton的染色方法和Crocker推荐的计数方法分别计算三组每例各50个细胞的Ag-NOR嗜银颗粒平均数,再算出三组各自的AgNOR均数,经统计学检验三者有极显著性差异。可望成为甲状腺滤泡性肿瘤良恶鉴别的一项辅助指标。     

围产儿与儿童胸腺的病理改变

The most outstanding pathological changes of perinatal babies and children, based on the review of the autopsy files in the 1st Affiliated Hospital of West China University of Medical Sciences, are lymphocytic depletion, and reticuloepithelial cell swelling and/or fusiform malformation in the cortex, while in the medulla apoptosis is more prominent. We suppose that these alterations are due to immaturity of cortical thymocytes, and in the diseased condition, they are easily affected by extraordinary factors, especially the influence of corticosterone inducing acute severe necrosis, so the number of lymphocytes are obviously diminished. But, in the medulla, as intact mature lymphocytes exist, physiological phenomenon such as apoptosis is rather prominent in it. While in the medulla, Hassall's corpuscles have various characteristic changes, such as cornification, calcification, fusion, cystic change and disintegration. Besides, we observed a new alteration in the thymus defined as vacuolization. All the above pathological changes reached the peak in the 28- day group; there after, they might become either worse or better according to the condition of the disease and growth of the body. However, these are still problems to be further studied separately.     

Cross-correlation analysis of septohippocampal neurons during theta-rhythm

The activity from 55 septohippocampal neuron pairs was examined in rats anesthetized with urethane. In addition to the statistical characterization of the firing patterns of the recorded units, the functional interactions between pairs of neurons and between neurons and hippocampal theta (theta) waves were investigated with cross-correlation techniques. Pairs were classified according to the rhythmic or non-rhythmic discharge pattern of their neurons. (a) theta-Pairs were those in which both the medial septal (MS) and hippocampal (HPC) units were rhythmic (type 1 units). (b) Pairs with a rhythmic and a theta-related non-rhythmic unit (type 2 unit) were called mixed pairs. (c) Pairs composed of type 2 units were called type 2 pairs. theta-Pairs showed periodic cross-correlations and frequently fired with a phase difference which could change in different pairs. Mixed pairs also showed periodic cross-correlations although one of the units was non-rhythmic. Type 2 pairs showed non-periodic positive cross-correlations. Our data provide new information regarding the temporal relationship between MS and HPC rhythmic activities supporting the role of the MS in providing the afferent timing for the generation of theta-rhythm in the HPC.     

重症肌无力患者泼尼松治疗前后免疫学指标的变化

探讨泼尼松治疗重症肌无力（MG）免疫学机制。对382例MG患者在漏尼松中剂量冲击，小剂量维持疗法治疗前后，检测酰胆碱受体抗炎（AchRab)，突触前膜抗体（PsMab)，单个核细胞亚群（PBMC），肿瘤坏死因子（TNF），可溶性白介素－2受体（SIL－2R），β2－微球蛋白（β2－m)，以及红细胞免疫功能的变化。结果表明：MG患者在泼尼松治疗前后多项免疫指标有显著性的变化。为泼尼松治疗MG提供了评定疗效的免疫学指标，进一步阐明了MG发病的免疫学机制。