丁酸钠联合电离辐射对肺癌A549细胞凋亡的影响及其机制

研究组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂（HDACi）丁酸钠（NaBt）单独或联合X射线照射对人非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）A549细胞凋亡的影响,并阐明其作用机制。     

桩核固位和髓腔固位在磨牙冠修复中的临床效果研究

目的:探讨在已行根管治疗(Root canal treatment,RCT)的缺损磨牙修复中,桩核固位和髓腔固位两种固位修复方式的效果。方法:选择2016年6月-2017年12月来笔者医院修复科因磨牙牙体缺损RCT后需行冠修复的患者30例。根据就诊先后顺序,将所有患者分为实验组及对照组,每组15例。对照组:行桩核冠修复(3M纤维桩+铸瓷冠);实验组:行髓腔固位冠修复(铸瓷材料)。采用美国公共卫生署修正标准对两种不同固位修复方式的修复体在修复后6个月、12个月进行临床修复效果综合评价。结果:实验组髓腔固位冠在随访第12个月时有1例修复体脱落,在冠边缘密合性、邻接关系、牙龈及牙周等方面尚好;对照组在随访第3个月时有1例患牙牙龈退缩,在随访第12个月时1例患牙冠邻接关系略松,2例患牙有1例牙龈探诊轻度出血,1例牙龈退缩。不良结局发生率对照组高于实验组,但对两组数据进行统计,差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:髓腔固位冠与桩核冠相比在适应证范围内是临床上比较可行的修复方式。     

新疆哈密地区第二人民医院2013年51例药品不良反应报告分析

目的：了解哈密地区第二人民医院药品不良反应（ADR）的发生情况,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法：对2013年该院13个科室自发上报的51例ADR报告进行回顾性分析。结果：51例ADR报告中,男性略多于女性,高发年龄段为41～60岁（29.41％）,60岁以上的老年人占45.1％。引发ADR的主要药品类别为抗菌药物、中药制剂、营养支持药。引发ADR的给药途径以静脉滴注为主。ADR的临床表现以皮肤及附件损害最常见;ADR程度以一般的和新的一般的ADR为主。结论：定期对医院ADR报告进行评估、分析,在药物治疗中加强用药监护,有助于预防和减少ADR的发生。     

兴趣在大学生学习中的作用与培养

在大学教学和学习中,学习兴趣是引导学生追求知识的最关键非智力因素之一,兴趣在目前的教育教学中受到越来越多的重视。本文主要论述了兴趣在大学生学习生活中的作用、个人应如何对待自身的兴趣以及作为教育工作者该如何引导和培养学生的学习兴趣,从而改善学习效果。     

Migration Inhibitory Factor Enhances Inflammation via CD74 in Cartilage End Plates with Modic Type 1 Changes on MRI

Background

Type 1 Modic changes are characterized by edema, vascularization, and inflammation, which lead to intervertebral disc degeneration. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a proinflammatory cytokine closely related to the inflammatory cytokines detected in degenerative intervertebral disc tissues. However, the existence and role of MIF and its receptor CD74 in intervertebral disc degeneration have not been elucidated.

Questions/purposes

We asked whether (1) MIF and its receptor CD74 are expressed in cartilage end plates with Type 1 Modic changes, (2) MIF is associated with cartilage end plate degeneration, (3) the MIF antagonist (S, R)-3(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4, 5-dihydro-5-isoxazole acetic acid methyl ester (ISO-1) suppresses MIF-induced inflammatory cytokine release, and (4) inflammatory cytokines are released by cartilage end plate chondrocytes via CD74 by activating the CD74 antibody (CD74Ab).

Methods

We examined MIF and CD74 expression by human cartilage end plate chondrocytes and tissues with Type 1 Modic changes from eight patients using immunocytofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. MIF production by the chondrocytes was assessed by ELISA and PCR. We compared cytokine release by chondrocytes treated with MIF in the presence or absence of exogenous ISO-1 by ELISA. Cytokine release by chondrocytes after treatment with CD74Ab was determined by ELISA.

Results

MIF was expressed in degenerated human cartilage end plate tissues and chondrocytes. Lipopolysaccharide and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) upregulated MIF expression and increased MIF secretion in chondrocytes in a dose-dependent manner. MIF increased the secretion of IL-6, IL-8, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in a dose-dependent manner. ISO-1 reduced the secretion of IL-6, IL-8, and PGE2. CD74Ab activated CD74 and induced release of inflammatory cytokines.

Conclusions

Chondrocytes in cartilage end plate with Type 1 Modic changes express MIF and its receptor CD74. MIF might promote the inflammatory response through CD74. MIF-induced cytokine release appears to be suppressed by ISO-1, and CD74Ab could induce cytokine release.

Clinical Relevance

The MIF/CD74 pathway may represent a crucial target for treating disc degeneration since inhibiting the function of MIF with its antagonist ISO-1 can reduce MIF-induced inflammation and exert potent therapeutic effects.     

肝脏囊型包虫病腹腔镜与开腹根治性手术治疗的疗效比较

目的 评价和比较经腹腔镜与开腹根治性手术治疗肝脏囊型包虫病的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析2006年5月至2013年1月收住并接受根治性手术治疗的肝脏囊型包虫病患者的临床资料,并对手术时间、术中出血量、中转开腹率、平均术后住院时间、术后并发症进行统计学分析.结果 本研究共纳入153例患者,其中41例行经腹腔镜手术(腹腔镜组)、112例行传统开腹手术(开腹组).腹腔镜组平均手术时间较开腹手术短,但差异无统计学意义(t=1.97,P＞0.05).腹腔镜组5例患者行中转开腹手术,中转开腹率为12.2％(5/41).2组术中出血量比较差异无统计学意义(t=2.00,P＞0.05).腹腔镜组平均术后住院时间为3～8 d,而开腹组为4～14d,差异有统计学意义(t=1.99,P＜0.05).腹腔镜组并发症发生率为4.9％(2/41)、开腹组并发症发生率16.0％(18/112),差异有统计学意义(x2=3.92,P＜0.05).结论 腹腔镜肝包虫根治性手术治疗较传统开腹肝脏囊型包虫病手术治疗具有术后住院时间短,并发症少,恢复快,复发率低的特点,在严格选择患者的条件下是安全和可行的.     

维吾尔族可摘局部义齿修复患者人格特征及满意度相关性研究

目的:探讨维吾尔族可摘局部义齿(Removable partial denture,RPD)患者人格特征与满意度的相关性。方法:选择新疆医科大学第一附属医院口腔修复科就诊的129例维吾尔族患者为研究对象,就患者基本情况、艾森克人格类型及修复1个月后满意度进行调查分析并对其结果进行总结分析。结果:维吾尔族可摘局部义齿修复患者年龄、性别、文化、对RPD相关知识的了解度、牙齿缺损数量均与RPD修复满意度显著相关(P0.05);维吾尔族的N量表得分均与满意度中的咀嚼能力、稳固性、舒适性呈显著负相关,P量表得分均与满意度中的美观性、语言力呈负相关,E量表得分与总体满意度显著正相关。结论:维吾尔族可摘局部义齿修复患者的人格特征影响其对RPD治疗满意度的评价     

Preparation and characterization of letrozole-loaded poly(d,l-lactide) nanoparticles for drug delivery in breast cancer therapy

Letrozole (LTZ), an aromatase inhibitor used for the treatment of hormonally-positive breast cancer in postmenopausal women, has poor water solubility, rapid metabolism, and a range of side effects. In this study, polymer-based nanoparticles (NPs) incorporating the drug have been designed and characterized, aimed to control the release, potentially maximize the therapeutic efficiency, and minimize the side effects of the drug. LTZ was incorporated into poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) NPs by employing the emulsion-solvent evaporation technique using a range of drug concentrations. Loaded drug and drug-polymer interactions were studied using X-ray diffraction and NPs morphology was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Particle size distribution (PSD) and zeta potential of the NPs were analyzed using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV), respectively. Drug content and release profile studies were carried out and determined using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). The yield of LTZ-PDLLA NPs reached as high as 85%. The NPs were spherical and smooth, regardless of LTZ concentration in the formulation. However, particle size increased from 241.6?±?1.2 to 348.7?±?6.1?nm upon increasing LTZ concentration from 0 to 30% w/w, with entrapment efficiencies reaching up to 96.8%. Drug release from the polymeric matrix was best described by Higuchi model with a predominant diffusion-based mechanism. More than 15, 46, and 86% of LTZ was released in a controlled fashion over 30?d from the 10, 20, and 30% LTZ-PDLLA NPs, respectively. Overall, LTZ-PDLLA NPs were designed with appropriate size and surface charge, high drug loading, superior entrapment efficiency, and prolonged release profile.     

两种化疗方案辅助治疗乳腺浸润性导管癌的成本-效果分析

目的：评价注射用表柔比星（法玛新）联合注射用多西他赛注射液（艾素）和注射用紫杉醇脂质体（力朴素）治疗乳腺浸润性导管癌药物成本-效果。方法：回顾某院2016-2017两年期间收治的经组织病理学确诊的乳腺癌患者病历,从中筛选符合标准的患者,使用注射用表柔比星（法玛新）联合多西他赛注射液（艾素）方案的患者为ED组,使用注射用表柔比星（法玛新）联合注射用紫杉醇脂质体（力朴素）方案的患者为EP组,分析比较2组的成本-效果。结果：2组总有效率为74.29%和79.41%,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;2组均有不同程度的不良反应,发生率分别为91.43%、73.53%,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。ED与EP组的成本-效果比分别为930.70、1218.15,ICER=538 895.27（>3倍人均GDP）,ED组具有成本-效果优势。结论：表柔比星联合多西他赛（艾素）与联合紫杉醇脂质体（力朴素）方案治疗浸润性乳腺癌效果相当,但ED组较为经济。