颈痛宁主要药效学试验研究(二)

为研究颈痛宁对无菌性炎症的治疗及毒性作用。建立无菌性炎症试验动物模型。设置颈痛宁、阿斯匹林、醋酸泼尼松、生理盐水等不同对照组,采用光热辐射致痛小鼠痛阈的影响（甩尾法）和对醋酸致痛小鼠镇痛作用（扭体法）的方法进行实验。结果显示：颈痛宁对光热致痛的小鼠痛阈影响,与阿斯匹林、生理盐水比较无明显差异;颈痛宁对醋酸致痛小鼠扭体次数的影响与生理盐水比较有明显差异。说明颈痛宁对软组织无菌性炎症模型有明显的治疗舰艇一定的止痛作用;在治疗软组织损伤退变引发的颈椎病方面具有进一步研究与开发的价值。     

重度阻塞性肺病患者食管癌切除同期肺减容手术临床探讨

目的　探讨重度阻塞性肺病患者食管癌切除同期肺减容手术 (lungvolumereductionsurgeryLVRS) ,手术方法及预后。方法　 2例重度肺气肿食管癌患者食管癌切除同期一侧肺减容手术 ,切除左肺上叶 1/ 3,下叶 1/ 3,切除一侧肺容量 30 %。术前术后肺功能、呼吸困难指数分级对比。结果　 2例病人均平稳渡过围手术期 ,呼吸困难部分改善 ,指数分级由Ⅲ级上升Ⅱ级 ,肺功能 1s肺活量FEV1增加 16% ,PaO2 增加 1 90kPa( 1 5mmHg)。结论　肺减容手术为部分重度阻塞性肺病患者提供了一种全新的治疗方法 ,为合并其它胸外科疾患 ,如食管癌平稳渡过围手术期 ,以及术后肺功能改善创造了条件     

海南山苦茶提取方法的研究

目的:优化山苦茶的提取方法。方法:采用薄层层析法,以所得浸膏的量及其有效成分为考查指标,对山苦茶提取方法进行研究。结果:4种不同提取方式对山苦茶的有效成分的提取效率有明显影响。结论:山苦茶的最佳提取方法为:将山苦茶用工业乙醇浸渍24h后,以每千克每分钟1～3ml的流速缓缓渗漉,收集10倍量的渗漉液回收即得。     

《内经》对心理、行为医学的贡献

通过对《内经》“神”原分析,可见顺应自然,保持乐观舒达的情志,建立平衡的心理状态,建立健康的行为习惯是摄生长寿的要素。从中显示了中医顺应自然,天人合一观;七情、内因发病观;注重机体反应性的整体观;调神扶正的治疗观等优势理论,及其对临床、心理、行为医学的杰出贡献。     

多胺在动脉粥样硬化发生发展过程中的变化

目的：探讨动脉粥样硬化的发病机制。方法：采用雄性日本鹌鹑喂饲高胆固醇膳食,造成动脉粥样硬化动物模型,动脉观察主动脉壁的中内膜的多胺变化。结果：血浆胆固醇和分类胆固醇提示高脂血症,结合病理切片,说明本实验动脉粥样硬化模型可靠。结论：1．多胺对动脉粥样硬化的发生起着重要作用;2．多胺在动脉粥样硬化发生（病理标准）前升高,后又依次降低的特殊现象。     

急性肺水肿不同湿化剂吸氧疗效的实验研究

目的通过对急性肺水肿不同湿化剂吸氧疗效的动物实验,筛选一种合适的湿化剂.方法复制急性肺水肿的动物模型,给予蒸馏水及不同浓度的乙醇、丁醇湿化吸氧,观察吸氧前后PaO2变化及支气管肺泡灌注液(BALF)中SOD及血浆NO变化情况.结果各组PaO2在吸氧后明显增高,尤以15%、25%乙醇组增高显著(P均<0.01),肺系数显著低于未吸氧组(P<0.01);15%乙醇组BALF中SOD显著高于其它各组(P<0.05),血浆NO在吸氧后亦明显升高,但与其它各组无显著性差异.结论①低浓度乙醇(15%～25%)为最佳湿化剂浓度,丁醇不适合作湿化剂;②不同湿化剂对肺水肿吸氧疗效的影响除与其消泡作用有关外,尚与水肿液成份及其它因素有关.     

电磁辐射对小鼠神经系统超微结构影向的分析

目的探讨移动电话的电磁辐射对生物体的影响.方法用大众常用移动电话作为辐射源,工作频率为900MHz,功率密度为1190μW/cm2,在一定范围对小鼠辐射2h/d,30d后把小鼠断颈处死,取出大脑皮层、海马和小脑进行电镜观察分析.结果电镜所见,处理组与对照组小鼠的神经系统的细胞超微结构未见明显异常.结论一定时间内,移动电话的电磁辐射,对小鼠神经系统的细胞超微结构并没有明显影响.     

165例恶性淋巴瘤中p16基因异常的研究

目的 检测恶性淋巴瘤（ML）中p16基因的缺失、甲基化及p16蛋白的表达,探讨p16基因异常在淋巴瘤中的意义。方法 收集淋巴瘤鹇组织标本50例,存档石蜡包埋组织标本115例,均包括T、B非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）及霍奇金淋巴瘤（HL）。用PCR、甲基化特异的PCR方法检测新鲜组织中的p16基因的等位缺失及5‘CgG岛异常甲基化;用免疫组织化学方法检测石蜡标本中p16蛋白的表达情况。另外,分别选取9例反应性增生（RH）组织的标本作对照。结果 12/50例（24.0%）新鲜标本中检出p16基因纯合性缺失,16/50例（32.0%）检出p16基因异常高甲基化;石蜡包埋标本中p16蛋白的失表达率为41.6%,其中B-NHL为46.0%,T-NHL为54.5%,HL为31.6%。恶性程度较高的淋巴瘤类型中p16蛋白的失表达率也相应较高,各类型之间比较：弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL）和滤泡性淋巴瘤（FL）的p16失表达率存在组间差异的显著性。所有RH标本均未见p16基因或蛋白表达的异常。结论 恶性淋巴瘤中p16基因的异常是一个频发事件,p16基因表达异常参与了淋巴瘤的发生及进展。     

Observation versus radiotherapy with or without temozolomide in postoperative WHO grade II high-risk low-grade glioma: a retrospective cohort study

The optimal adjuvant treatment of high-risk low-grade glioma (LGG) is controversial. We performed this retrospective cohort study to compare three treatments including observation, radiotherapy (RT) alone, and radiotherapy combined with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy (STUPP regimen) in patients with high-risk LGG. Patients with high-risk (age > 40 or undergoing subtotal resection or biopsy) LGG treated with observation or radiotherapy alone or STUPP regimen after operation were retrospectively analyzed. Survival rates were evaluated by the Kaplan-Meier method; the log-rank test was applied to compare differences between groups. A total of 250 patients met the inclusion criteria. Median follow-up for living people was 70 months. Overall, patients who received radiotherapy with or without temozolomide had better progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) when compared with observation (median PFS: observation, 59 months; RT, 82 months; STUPP, not reached; median OS: observation, 96 months; RT, not reached; STUPP, not reached), whereas STUPP regimen did not further prolong PFS or OS than RT alone (PFS, P = 0.203; OS, P = 0.146). In oligodendroglioma (IDH mutant and 1p/19q codeleted) subtype, only STUPP regimen brought longer PFS when compared with observation (P = 0.008). The incidence of grade 3 or 4 neutropenia (P < 0.001) and nausea or vomiting (P = 0.004) was higher in the STUPP group than the figure for the RT alone group. PFS and OS were similarly improved in patients with high-risk LGG receiving RT alone or STUPP regimen. However, only STUPP regimen was able to bring better PFS for oligodendroglioma (IDH mutant and 1p/19q codeleted) subgroup. Longer follow-up time is needed to determine an association with treatment effect in different histological and molecular subgroups.

     

Risk factors and outcomes of cardiovascular disease readmission within the first year after dialysis in peritoneal dialysis patients

BackgroundIn the first year of dialysis, patients are vulnerable to cardiovascular disease (CVD) hospitalization, but knowledge regarding the risk factors and long-term outcomes of cardiovascular readmission within the first year after dialysis in incident continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients is limited.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted in incident CAPD patients. The demographic characteristics, laboratory parameters, and CVD readmission were collected and analyzed. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, and the secondary outcomes included CVD mortality, infection-related mortality and technique failure. A logistic regression was used to identify the risk factors associated with CVD readmission within the first year after dialysis. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the association between CVD readmission and the outcomes.ResultsIn total, 1589 peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients were included in this study, of whom 120 (7.6%) patients had at least one episode of CVD readmission within the first year after dialysis initiation. Advanced age, CVD history, and a lower level of serum albumin were independently associated with CVD readmission. CVD readmission within the first year after dialysis was significantly associated with all-cause (HR 2.66, 95%CI 1.91–3.70, p < 0.001) and CVD (HR 3.42, 95%CI 2.20–5.31, p < 0.001) mortality, but not infection-related mortality or technique failure, after adjusting for confounders.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that an advanced age, a history of CVD, and a lower level of serum albumin were independently associated with CVD readmission. Moreover, CVD readmission was associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in incident CAPD patients.