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51.
I. K?nigsrainer S. Beckert T. Lehmann R. Ladurner B. Br��cher Univ.-Prof. Dr. A. K?nigsrainer 《Der Chirurg》2011,82(4):375-381
Cytoreductive surgery followed by hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is now an established therapy with a curative option for patients with gastrointestinal and gynecological peritoneal carcinomatosis as well as for primary peritoneal carcinomatous tumors. Decisive for the prognosis is a complete cytoreduction, which in most cases necessitates multi-organ resection in addition to a partial or subtotal parietal peritonectomy (PE). The highest priority is given to maintain an adequate quality of life for the patient while performing maximum tumor resection. The morbidity following PE and HIPEC in experienced centers lies between 25% and 35% with a mortality risk of <5%. Consideration must be given not only to the technical surgical aspects and the intraoperative decision-making but also to the intraoperative management, intensive care therapy, pain therapy, management of complications, physiotherapy and many more. The greatest challenge in the management of peritoneal carcinomatosis is still patient selection. Computed tomography imaging together with 18fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) plays an important role in the assessment of operability. 相似文献
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Sean L. Hill Yun Wang Imad Riachi Felix Sch��rmann Henry Markram 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2012,109(42):E2885
It is well-established that synapse formation involves highly selective chemospecific mechanisms, but how neuron arbors are positioned before synapse formation remains unclear. Using 3D reconstructions of 298 neocortical cells of different types (including nest basket, small basket, large basket, bitufted, pyramidal, and Martinotti cells), we constructed a structural model of a cortical microcircuit, in which cells of different types were independently and randomly placed. We compared the positions of physical appositions resulting from the incidental overlap of axonal and dendritic arbors in the model (statistical structural connectivity) with the positions of putative functional synapses (functional synaptic connectivity) in 90 synaptic connections reconstructed from cortical slice preparations. Overall, we found that statistical connectivity predicted an average of 74 ± 2.7% (mean ± SEM) synapse location distributions for nine types of cortical connections. This finding suggests that chemospecific attractive and repulsive mechanisms generally do not result in pairwise-specific connectivity. In some cases, however, the predicted distributions do not match precisely, indicating that chemospecific steering and aligning of the arbors may occur for some types of connections. This finding suggests that random alignment of axonal and dendritic arbors provides a sufficient foundation for specific functional connectivity to emerge in local neural microcircuits. 相似文献
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��־���������� 《中国实用儿科杂志》2016,31(12):887-890
??Inhaled corticosteroids??ICS?? are the most effective medicine for chronic airway inflammation nowdays. Atomization inhalation has been widely applied in clinics because of its efficacy??fewer side-effects and convenience. Here??we focused on some points which should be paid attention to??including how to choose appropriate patients??how to ensure the effectiveness of inhaled steroids and how to reduce possible side-effects. 相似文献
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Ignacio G��mez-Ochoa Pablo G��mez-Ochoa Francisco G��mez-Casal Encarna Cativiela Luis Larrad-Mur 《Rheumatology international》2011,31(10):1283-1289
The clinical use of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) in osteoarticular pathology is widely extended, although the mechanisms
involved are unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the action of a new protocol of treatment with PEMF on liquid
medium cultures of fibroblast-like cells derivates of mononuclear peripheral blood cells. Fibroblast-like cells growth was
obtained in liquid medium culture from mononuclear cells (MNC) of human peripheral blood. The PEMF irradiation protocol included
an intensity of 2.25 mT, a frequency of 50 Hz and an application time of 15 min on days 7, 8 and 9 of cell culture. Immunophenotype
was performed with specific heterologous monoclonal antibodies for each cell receptor (Vimentin, Cytokeratin, CD34, CD41,
CD61 and CD68). The cytokines’ production was determined in the supernatant of the culture medium by means of the Luminex
technology. The immunophenotype did not show any statistical difference on comparing treated against non-treated cell cultures
on any of the days. In the treatment cell population, the proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and TNF-α showed a significant
decrease on days 14 and 21 of the culture, whilst IL-10 increased significantly on day 21. It is concluded that PEMF irradiation
does not alter the cell immunophenotype of the fibroblast-like cell population, but does provoke a decrease in the production
of inflammatory-type cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α) and an increase in cytokines of lymphocytic origin (IL-10). These facts coincide
with the chronology of the clinical effect undergone by patients with osteoarticular pathology after PEMF irradiation. 相似文献
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