131I-17-AAG对荷H460人非小细胞肺癌裸鼠的抗癌效应

目的 观察131I标记17-丙烯胺基-17-去甲氧基格尔德霉素(17-KAG)对荷H460人非小细胞肺癌裸鼠移植瘤的抑癌效应.方法 过氧化氢法制备131I-17AAG.建立荷H460人非小细胞肺癌BALB/c裸鼠模型,28只荷瘤裸鼠按随机数字表法分为7组(n=4),瘤内和尾静脉注药各3组,剂量依次为5.5 MBq×2(间隔8 d)、11.0 MSq和5.5 MBq及空白对照组.另设Na131I瘤内给药对照组.8组分别于注药后2,6,24 h及2,3,7,10,16 d各取2只鼠行γ显像.观察肿瘤生长情况,16 d后处死全部小鼠,计算抑瘤率,并做光学显微镜、电镜及免疫组织化学检测.计量数据以x±s表示,采用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计分析.结果 SPECT显像证实131I-17-AAG靶向定位好,能较长时间聚集在瘤体内;各治疗组存在不同程度抑瘤效应,以瘤内间隔给药(5.5 MBq×2)组疗效最好,抑瘤率高达(86.77±4.57)%,尾静脉给药5.5 MBq×2组和11.0 MBq组间差异无统计学意义(q=1.67,P>0.05),余各组间抑瘤率差异均有统计学意义(q=3.16～24.34,P均<0.05);形态学显示抑瘤效应越好,瘤组织破坏越明显;免疫组织化学显示瘤内及尾静脉注药组热休克蛋白90(HSP90)a阳性率[分别为(26.01±3.71)%、(61.57±5.98)%]均较空白对照组[(84.13±5.71)%]下降(t值分别为20.91和6.68,P均<0.05).结论 131I-17-AAG能有效抑制裸鼠非小细胞肺癌的生长,以瘤内注药及间隔给药抑癌效应最佳.     

脊椎动脉瘤样骨囊肿的影像表现及术前栓塞对减少术中失血的意义

目的 探讨脊椎动脉瘤样骨囊肿(ABC)的影像学特点及术前栓塞对减少术中失血的意义.方法 分析了6例经手术病理证实的原发性脊椎ABC的影像学表现,对其中4例进行了术前选择性动脉造影、栓塞,所用栓塞物为明胶海绵.结果 本组6例脊椎ABC均侵犯椎弓、棘突、横突和椎体后或侧缘,病变凸入椎管,造成硬膜囊和脊髓受压、移位.4例栓塞后血管造影显示染色均较栓塞前减少75%,术中失血700～1500 ml,平均1000 ml.较未经术前栓塞者平均3000 ml术中失血明显减少.结论 对动脉瘤样骨囊肿术前动脉栓塞能够有效地减少术中出血,提高手术治疗的成功率,是一种有价值的术前辅助性治疗方法.     

用桡动脉行冠状动脉旁路移植术917例

桡动脉在冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)中应用越来越多,2000年1月至2008年6月我们对917例冠心病病人实施CABC时运用桡动脉并进行随访,疗效较好,现总结报道如下. 资料和方法本组917例中男634例,女283例.年龄32～87岁,平均(59.5±12.0)岁.均有不稳定心绞痛病史.     

胰腺癌黏蛋白4基因修饰的树突状细胞疫苗构建及对胰腺癌细胞的免疫效应

Objective To obtain the dendritic cells ( DC)-based vaccine modified by adenovirus containing MUC4 gene , and evaluate the anti-tumor efficacy of DC vaccine to pancreatic tumor cells. Meth-ods The mRNA sequence of tumor associated antigen, MUC4, was obtained from NCBI, and MUC4 se-quence was acquired through the restriction enzyme sites and over lap PCR, then subcloned into adenovirus plasmid to create recombinant adenovirus ( rAd-MUC4) . The DCs were infected by rAd-MUC4 virus and then stimulated the lymph cells from the same donor to induce MUC4 specific cytotoxicity T lympbocytes ( CTL) . The efficacy of CTL was analyzed by LDH releasing assay. Elispot was used to detect the IFN-γ release. Results The recombinant adenovirus containing MUC4 ( sv12) gene was obtained. The MUC4-induced CTL could specifically kill the Capan-1 pancreatic tumor cells [ ( 13. 7±6.0)% , ( 21.4± 4. 7)% , (36.1±9. 5)% at ratios of 10: ,20: ,40: ] , higher than MCF-7 and Bxpc-3 cells respectively, P < 0. 05. The spots number of CTL induced by rAd-MUC4 was ( 139.1±23.3) , more than GFP and PBS control group,P<0.05. Conclusion The Muc4 gene modified DC vaccine could induce the proliferation of CTL, which provided a significant cytotoxicity to HLA-matched MUC4 positive tumor cell lines in vitro.     

胃切除术后Billroth吻合方法的改进

为减少胃大部切除术后吻合口并发症，对48例Billroth吻合方法加以改进，其中胃十二指肠溃疡16例，胃癌32例。胃癌常规行区域淋巴结清扫术。在常规游离胃后，残胃胃大弯侧剥除浆肌层，使黏膜延长2-3cm，宽度略大于小肠腔口径，胃黏膜与小肠全层吻合，然后浆肌层包埋。本组术后无吻合口瘘及狭窄发生。经X线及胃镜观察，24例Billroth 1式吻合中仅3例有少量胆汁反流，提示胃肠吻合口具有明显抗反流功能。说明胃大部切除后采用胃黏膜与小肠全层吻合系一可行的方法。     

社区2型糖尿病视网膜病变风险预测模型的构建与验证

背景　糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）发病率高,危害性大,是导致成人失明的主要原因,但社区实施眼底筛查较为困难,而DR风险预测模型可帮助全科医生早期识别DR高危人群。目的　探讨社区门诊就诊的2型糖尿病患者发生DR的危险因素,构建并验证DR风险预测模型,进一步提高DR患者筛查效率。方法　收集2018年6月-2019年6月于方庄社区卫生服务中心门诊就诊的421例2型糖尿病患者,采用随机数字表法分为模型组336例,检验组85例。收集患者的一般资料,血压以及空腹血糖（FBG）、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、血肌酐、尿素氮、总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）及尿蛋白,均行非散瞳眼底彩色照相（NMFCS）。模型组采用单因素Logistic回归分析计算出发生DR的相关因素,得出的相关因素用多因素Logistic回归分析进一步探讨,在此基础上构建DR风险预测模型,并由检验组评估DR风险预测模型的可行性。结果　在421例2型糖尿病患者中DR患者共87例,其中模型组69例,检验组18例。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,DR的危险因素有病程（β=0.196,OR=1.217,P<0.001）,收缩压（SBP）（β=0.028,OR=1.028,P=0.038）,FBG（β=0.409,OR=1.506,P=0.003）,HbA1c（β=0.594,OR=1.811,P=0.001）,LDL-C（β=0.360,OR=1.434,P=0.038）。据此,构建的DR风险预测模型为Y=1/〔1+e-（0.196X1+0.028X2+0.409X3+0.594X4+0.360X5-16.482）〕,其中,Y指DR发生概率,X1指病程,X2指SBP,X3指FBG,X4指HbA1c,X5指LDL-C。DR风险预测模型预测模型组发生DR的ROC曲线下面积是0.884,诊断临界值是0.192。DR风险预测模型预测检验组发生DR的ROC曲线下面积是0.803,灵敏度为72.2%,特异度为79.1%。结论　糖尿病患者的病程、SBP、FBG、HbA1c、LDL-C与DR显著相关,DR风险预测模型对DR有一定的预测价值。     

同一供区切取2块骨间背皮瓣修复拇示指创面一例

患者 男,19岁.因左拇、示指梳棉机绞伤致指背皮肤软组织伴甲床缺损1 h急诊入院.临床检查:左拇指末节背侧皮肤软组织及甲床缺损,面积为2.5 cm ×2.5 cm;左示指中、末节桡背侧皮肤、甲床及伸肌腱缺损,皮肤缺损面积为4.5 cm ×2.5 cm,远侧指间关节破坏,末节指骨部分缺损.     

大鼠同种异体左肺移植模型建立的实验研究

肺移植动物模型对于肺移植研究发挥着不可替代的作用.1982年,Marek和Wildevuur[1]首先阐述了大鼠左肺原位移植模型的手术操作方法.各种新型吻合技术的发明使手术操作更加简便,满足了某些特定实验的要求[2-4].目前,国内文献报道大鼠左肺移植多为急性实验模型,较少术后长期效果的报道.本研究介绍一种大鼠左肺移植模型的建立方法,分析术后移植肺长期效果.     

膝关节骨关节炎滑液和软骨骨桥蛋白水平与其病变程度的相关性

Objective To examine osteopontin (OPN) levels in both synovial fluid and articular cartilage of patients with primary knee osteoarthritis (OA) and to investigate their relationship with severity of the disease. Methods Fifty patients with knee OA and 10 healthy controls were enrolled in this study.There were 15 males and 35 females with an average age of 61.8±7.4 years in OA group. The control group included 4 males and 6 females with an average age of 63.2±6.0 years. Mankin score were taken to determine the disease severity of the affected knee. The radiographic grading of OA in the knee was performed using the Kellgren-Lawrence criteria. OPN levels in synovial fluid were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. OPN levels in articular cartilage were assessed by immunohistochemical methods. Results Compared to healthy controls, the knee OA patients had higher OPN concentration in synovial fluid ([4519.60±1830.37] pg/ml vs. [1179.70±303.39] pg/ml) and articular cartilage([0.60±0.06] vs. [0.43 ±0.07]). In addition, synovial fluid OPN levels showed a positive correlation with articular cartilage OPN levels (r=0.411,P=0.003). Subsequent analysis showed that the OPN levels in synovial fluid significantly had been correlated with severity of disease using Kellgren-Lawrence criteria (r=0.581, P＜ 0.001). Furthermore,the levels of OPN in the articular cartilage also were correlated with disease severity using Mankin score (r=0.675, P＜ 0.001).Conclusion The data suggest that OPN in synovial fluid and articular cartilage is related to progressive joint damage and could be a predictive biomarker respect to disease severity and progression in knee OA.     

缺血预处理和缺血后处理对大鼠脑缺血再灌注时糖原合酶激酶-3β活性的影响

目的 探讨缺血预处理和缺血后处理对大鼠脑缺血再灌注时糖原合酶激酶-3β(GSK-3β)活性的影响.方法 雄性Wistar大鼠40只,体重200～230 g.随机分为4组(n=10),假手术组(S组)仅分离双侧颈总动脉;缺血再灌注组(I/R组)分离双侧颈总动脉,夹闭10 min后恢复灌注;缺血预处理组(IPR组)分离双侧颈总动脉,夹闭10 s,开放30 s,反复3次,最后夹闭10min后恢复灌注;缺血后处理组(IPO组)分离双侧颈总动脉,夹闭10 min,开放30s,夹闭10 s,反复3次后恢复灌注.于术后2 d时取脑组织,计数大脑皮质凋亡神经元,测定脑梗死体积、磷酸化GSK-3β(p-GSK-3β)、Bcl-2、Bax、Caspase-3表达.对神经元凋亡数、脑梗死体积与p-GSK-3β水平做直线相关分析.结果 与S组比较,I/R组、IPR组和IPO组凋亡神经元、脑梗死体积增加,p-GSK-3β水平降低,Bcl-2表达下调,Bax和Caspase-3表达上调(P＜0.05);与I/R组比较,IPR组和IPO组凋亡神经元和脑梗死体积降低,p-GSK-3β水平升高,Bcl-2表达上调,Bax和Caspase-3表达下调(P＜0.05);IPR组和IPO组间上述指标比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).凋亡神经元、脑梗死体积与p-GSK-3β水平呈负相关(P＜0.05).结论 缺血预处理和缺血后处理通过抑制GSK-3β活性而减轻大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤.