关于高职类护理专业实践课的教学思考

高职的教学,由于教育对象、教学任务不同,所以教学中会出现多种多样的问题.本文主要通过对高职类护理专业基础课出现的问题,提出教学应该培养学生主动思考的能力,加强创新意识,还要增加实践经验,以此来提高教学效果,达到教学目的.     

营养支持联合运动训练治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的应用价值

目的 分析慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者治疗中采用营养支持辅助运动训练的应用价值.方法 现将我院2018年5月—2020年5月收治的62例慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者作为文章的分析对象,根据随机数字表法将所有患者采取分组的方式进行治疗研究,分成观察组与对照组,每组各有31例患者,对照组行常规治疗与运动训练干预配合治疗,观察组在对照组基础...     

Prophylactic juxtapapillary laser photocoagulation in pediatric morning glory syndrome

AIM: To determine the anatomic and visual outcomes of prophylactic juxtapapillary laser photocoagulation treatment alone in the prevention of retinal detachment (RD) in a cohort of pediatric patients diagnosed with morning glory syndrome (MGS). METHODS: A total of 24 eyes of 22 consecutive patients aged 0-15y diagnosed with MGS treated with prophylactic juxtapapillary laser photocoagulation alone were reviewed. Data including demographics, ocular examination, anatomic and visual outcomes, following treatment and complications were collected. RESULTS: Two patients had bilateral laser treatment and 20 had monocular laser treatment. The age at treatment of 13 (59.1%) patients was less than 12mo. The presenting symptoms included strabismus (6/22, 27.3%), decreased vision (2/22, 9.1%), and routine fundus screening (14/22, 63.6%). Fifteen (68.2%) patients underwent cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations, and 3 of those 15 (20.0%) had abnormal findings in the nervous system. Based on preoperative wide-field fundus photography and B-scan echography, all (100.0%) eyes had no obvious RD. On postoperative 1mo and 6mo and the following follow-ups, the anatomic outcomes of all eyes remained stable. The mean follow-up duration was 27.7±17.5mo. No severe complications were found. Preoperative visual acuity acquired from 2 (9.1%) patients ranged from light perception to 20/200. Postoperative acuity acquired from 11 (50.0%) patients ranged from light perception to 20/125. CONCLUSION: The preliminary anatomic and visual outcomes of prophylactic juxtapapillary laser treatment alone in pediatric MGS patients are relatively stable in a short-term follow-up. Further long-term clinical observation will be needed to confirm its efficacy and safety.     

经皮肝穿刺肝静脉造影与下腔静脉造影、B超对Budd-Chiari综合征的诊断

目的：研究经皮肝穿刺肝静脉（ＰＴＨＶ）造影在Ｂｕｄｄ－Ｃｈｉａｒｉ综合征（ＢＣＳ）诊断和治疗中的价值。方法：采用经皮肝穿刺肝静脉造影对５３例Ｂｕｄｄ－Ｃｈｉａｒｉ综合征患者进行了检查，并与下腔静脉造影及Ｂ超检查结果进行回顾性对比。结果：依据造影可分为以下类型，１．主肝静脉出口部阻塞，下腔静脉通畅１９例。２．主肝静脉扩张而开放，下腔静脉膜性阻塞２２例。３．肝静脉及下腔静脉均闭塞１２例。结论：作者认为与下腔静脉造影和Ｂ超检查相比，ＰＴＨＶ对肝静脉及侧枝循环的显示有显著的优越性，对ＢＣＳ诊断，治疗及预后的判断均有重要的临床意义     

乳腺癌前哨淋巴结探查的研究进展

乳腺癌前哨淋巴结（sentinel lymph node,SLN)是乳腺癌淋巴转移通道中最先经历的第一级淋巴结。通过乳腺癌SLN预测乳腺癌区域淋巴结转移状况，为乳腺癌的准确分期和外科手术提供了重要的依据。根据示踪剂的不同，有两种方法可以探查乳腺癌SLN，其中使用放射性核素标记物作为示踪剂探查乳腺癌SLN是目前较具优势的方法，且不同于传统的淋巴显像；乳腺癌SLN探查的成功率受到诸多因素的影响，其探查技术亦需进一步的研究来提高。     

成人门静脉海绵样变性的诊断和治疗

目的　探讨成人门静脉海绵样变性的诊断方法和治疗。方法　对 31例成人门静脉海绵样变性患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果　 31例患者术前均有出血史 ,术前均经超声检查提示肝脏正常及门静脉海绵样变性 ,经脾穿刺门静脉造影或选择性肠系膜上动脉造影确诊。 12例行脾动脉结扎、胃冠状静脉及分支结扎、肠 腔C型架桥术 ,1例行脾 肾静脉架桥术。 8例已切脾断流后再出血患者 ,结扎冠状静脉主干后 ,6例行肠 腔C型架桥术 ,1例行肠系膜下静脉 下腔静脉C型架桥术 ,1例因静脉曲张和出血部位在空肠上段而行空肠节段切除术。 6例行脾 腔架桥术 ,2例行改良脾 肺固定术 ,脾 肾架桥术和门静脉 下腔静脉架桥术各 1例 ,1例行脾切除加贲门周围血管离断术。术后随访 6个月～ 4年 (随访率 10 0 % ) ,食管胃底曲张静脉均减轻或消失 ,无再出血和肝性脑病发生。结论　多普勒超声检查和经皮脾穿刺门静脉造影是诊断本病的理想方法 ;门 体分流术加门 奇断流术是治疗本病的最佳选择。     

2020年IAEA比对样品中总α和总β放射性分析

目的:对2020年国际原子能机构(IAEA)比对样品中总α和总β放射性测量实践进行总结,以期对同类测量提供参考。方法:按照比对要求,薄层法分别以 241Am、总Th、 90Sr/ 90Y、 40K和 137Cs溶液为标准源,测定水样、气溶胶样品中总α和总β放射...     

Predicting functional cortical ROIs via DTI-derived fiber shape models

Studying structural and functional connectivities of human cerebral cortex has drawn significant interest and effort recently. A fundamental and challenging problem arises when attempting to measure the structural and/or functional connectivities of specific cortical networks: how to identify and localize the best possible regions of interests (ROIs) on the cortex? In our view, the major challenges come from uncertainties in ROI boundary definition, the remarkable structural and functional variability across individuals and high nonlinearities within and around ROIs. In this paper, we present a novel ROI prediction framework that localizes ROIs in individual brains based on their learned fiber shape models from multimodal task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data. In the training stage, shape models of white matter fibers are learnt from those emanating from the functional ROIs, which are activated brain regions detected from task-based fMRI data. In the prediction stage, functional ROIs are predicted in individual brains based only on DTI data. Our experiment results show that the average ROI prediction error is around 3.94 mm, in comparison with benchmark data provided by working memory and visual task-based fMRI. Our work demonstrated that fiber bundle shape models derived from DTI data are good predictors of functional cortical ROIs.