逆行荧光标记观察猫上橄榄复合体向内耳的投射

Objective To investigate the distribution and projective feature of cat olivocochlear neurons. Methods Eleven adult cats were divided into two groups randomly. The experimental group of eight cats was injected of I% cholera toxin B (CTB) to the left cochlea, while injected of 5% fluoro gold (FG) to the right cochlea. The control group of three cats was injected of saline to bilateral cochlea. After a survival time of 7 days, serial frozen sections were cut in the cat brainstem. All the sections were processed by immunofluoreseent procedure for CTB and FG, and the labeled olivocochlear neurons were observed byfluorescent microscope. Results In the experimental group, the mean total of olivocochlear neurons labeled by CTB and FG was 3210 ± 168, including lateral olivocochlear neurons (LOC, 2298 ± 120) and medial olivocochlear neurons (MOC,913 ± 64). The labeled neurons were divided into three different types according to their feature of projection: neurons which only projected to the ipsilateral cochlea, neurons which only projected to the contralateral cochlea, and double-labeled neurons which projected both to the ipsilateral and contralateral cochlea, but the double-labeled neurons comprised 3.9% and 15. 1% in the LOC and MOC system respectively. No labeled neurons were found in the control group. Conclusions There are three types of neurons in the cat olivocochlear system. The neurons which projected to the bilateral cochlea may distribute both in the LOC and MOC system.     

逆行荧光标记观察猫上橄榄复合体向内耳的投射

Objective To investigate the distribution and projective feature of cat olivocochlear neurons. Methods Eleven adult cats were divided into two groups randomly. The experimental group of eight cats was injected of I% cholera toxin B (CTB) to the left cochlea, while injected of 5% fluoro gold (FG) to the right cochlea. The control group of three cats was injected of saline to bilateral cochlea. After a survival time of 7 days, serial frozen sections were cut in the cat brainstem. All the sections were processed by immunofluoreseent procedure for CTB and FG, and the labeled olivocochlear neurons were observed byfluorescent microscope. Results In the experimental group, the mean total of olivocochlear neurons labeled by CTB and FG was 3210 ± 168, including lateral olivocochlear neurons (LOC, 2298 ± 120) and medial olivocochlear neurons (MOC,913 ± 64). The labeled neurons were divided into three different types according to their feature of projection: neurons which only projected to the ipsilateral cochlea, neurons which only projected to the contralateral cochlea, and double-labeled neurons which projected both to the ipsilateral and contralateral cochlea, but the double-labeled neurons comprised 3.9% and 15. 1% in the LOC and MOC system respectively. No labeled neurons were found in the control group. Conclusions There are three types of neurons in the cat olivocochlear system. The neurons which projected to the bilateral cochlea may distribute both in the LOC and MOC system.     

TrKB与VEGF在鼻咽癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、酪氨酸激酶B(TrKB)在鼻咽癌(NPC)组织中的表达并比较两者表达的相关性及分析与肿瘤临床特征的关系。方法采用免疫组化方法检测经活检确诊为NPC的患者55例及鼻咽炎组织30例中VEGF、TrKB蛋白表达水平,比较二两者表达差异。根据患者年龄和性别、肿瘤临床分型、原发灶大小、淋巴结转移和有无远处转移将病例分组,应用双变量相关Pearson检验分析研究VEGF、TrKB表达与肿瘤临床病理特征之间的关系。结果①VEGF蛋白于肿瘤细胞浆及血管内皮细胞浆中均表达,TrKB蛋白阳性表达绝大多数位于细胞浆内。在55例NPC患者中,45例TrKB阳性表达,阳性表达率为81.8%;47例VEGF阳性表达,阳性表达率为85.4%。30例鼻咽炎中,只有3例TrKB阳性表达,阳性表达率为10.0%;5例VEGF阳性表达,阳性表达率为16.7%。肿瘤组织中TrKB、VEGF阳性表达率明显高于鼻咽炎组织（P<0.05）,NPC组织中VEGF与TrKB表达有明显相关性（R=0.716,P<0.01）;②VEGF蛋白表达与NPC的临床分期(P=0.002)、肿瘤的直径大小(P=0.009)及有无淋巴结转移(P=0.001)明显相关,与患者性别、年龄、有无远处转移无关（P＞0.05）。TrKB蛋白表达与临床分期(P=0.00)、肿瘤的直径大小(P=0.00)、有无淋巴结转移（P=0.006）明显相关,与患者性别、年龄、有无远处转移无关（P＞0.05）。结论VEGF、TrKB在NPC组织中表达增加,可能与NPC的发生发展有关。TrKB可能与NPC血管形成有关。 （     

那些花儿

那是实习的第一个星期,带着难以言表的热情和好奇,每次下班后,我们都在寝室讨论病房的新鲜事.而每次大家都不约而同地提到了16床的病人,和他床头柜上的那些花儿!     

逆行荧光标记观察猫上橄榄复合体向内耳的投射

目的 探讨猫橄榄耳蜗神经元的分布和向内耳的投射特征.方法 11只成年猫随机分为两组,实验组8只,左侧耳蜗鼓阶内注射1%霍乱毒素B亚单位,右侧耳蜗鼓阶注射5%荧光金,对照组3只,双侧耳蜗均注射生理盐水.动物饲养7 d后处死,脑干连续冰冻切片,免疫荧光处理,荧光显微镜观察被标记的橄榄耳蜗神经元.结果 实验组每只动物被霍乱毒素B亚单位和荧光金标记的橄榄耳蜗神经元平均总数为(3210±168)个,分为外侧橄榄耳蜗神经元[(2298±120)个]和内侧橄榄耳蜗神经元[(913±64)个].根据投射特征可将被标记的神经元分为三种不同类型:只投射到同侧耳蜗的神经元,只投射到对侧耳蜗的神经元,既向同侧又向对侧耳蜗投射的双标记神经元,其中双标记神经元在外侧橄榄耳蜗神经元和内侧橄榄耳蜗神经元中分别占3.9%和15.1%.对照组未观察到被标记的檄榄耳蜗神经元.结论猫的橄榄耳蜗系统中存在三种不同投射特征的神经元,其中双侧投射的神经元在外侧橄榄耳蜗神经元和内侧橄榄耳蜗神经元中均有分布.     

胃镜下取上消化道异物126例体会

上消化道异物是消化内科常见急症之一,易引发消化道出血、穿孔、梗阻等而危及生命,随着内镜的普及应用,内镜下取异物已成为上消化道异物治疗的首选方法。我院自2008年1月至2010年12月在胃镜下取上消化道异物126例,均获成功且无并发症发生。现将其病例资料和临床体会报道如下：     

品管圈对降低胃肠外科患者失禁性皮炎发生率的影响

目的 探讨品管圈手法在降低胃肠外科患者失禁性皮炎(incontinence associated dermatitis,IAD)发生率的应用效果,减少患者痛苦及住院时间,提高患者满意度。 方法 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院胃肠外科从2014年1—10月成立失禁性皮炎品管圈小组,确定以“降低胃肠外科患者失禁性皮炎发生率”为活动主题,通过制定查检表,1～3个月查检患者120例应用脑力激荡方法查检影响失禁性皮炎发生的因素,应用鱼骨图、柏拉图、柱状图等分析患者、家属、医护人员等因素对失禁性皮炎的影响,学习相关理论进行皮肤评估,改进护理工具,对护理流程进行培训,要因进行汇总,制定真因查检表查检真因后确定对策实施与检讨,最后制定标准化流程在全院进行推广。 结果 本小组解决了在实施过程中遇到的压疮高危,更换尿垫不及时,局部皮肤潮湿,护理评估不准确、不及时的问题的应用现状。 结论 品管圈活动在提高个人素质修养、解决问题的能力、个人责任心、积极性、自信心、团队凝聚力及与患者的沟通协调能力等方面都有所提升,使护理质量得到持续改进,其发展趋势是广泛应用品管圈这个平台来完善护理措施、细化工作流程、提高优质护理服务质量。      

硫糖铝、654-2治疗溃疡期褥疮的体会

我们于 1995年 10月至 2 0 0 2年 4月试用硫糖铝、6 5 4 2治疗溃疡期褥疮 2 3例 ,具有较好疗效 ,现报告如下。临床资料一、一般资料　 4 6例溃疡期褥疮患者均系我院住院患者 ,符合溃疡期褥疮诊断标准 ,其中男 17例 ,女 2 9例 ,平均年龄 5 6 2 8岁 ;病情分类 :脑血管病 30例 ,恶液质 8例 ,重度衰竭 5例 ,高位截瘫 3例。褥疮部位 :骶尾部 33例 ,髋部 6例 ,肩胛部 4例 ,足跟部 1例 ,外踝 1例 ,肘部 1例。按《护理学基础》褥疮标准评定 ,确定其面积、深度 ,溃疡面积 :最小17mm× 2 8mm ,最大 10 0mm× 88mm ,平均 ( 5 2 88± 4 7 76 )mm。Ⅲ…     

剖宫产术中发生仰卧位低血压综合征患者的抢救及护理

产妇仰卧于手术台时,偶可发生头晕、面色苍白、出汗、心率增快、血压下降等现象,将其转向左侧位后,症状可以立即消失,称这仰卧位低血压综合征。此系产妇平卧位时巨大子宫压迫下腔静脉甚至腹主动脉,引起回心血量骤减,心排     

头孢呋辛钠治疗老年慢性阻塞性肺病合并感染的临床效果

选择收治的老年COPD合并感染患者100例,随机分为试验组和对照组各50例,分别在常规治疗COPD基础上,对照组给予常规青霉素治疗,试验组采用头孢呋辛钠治疗,比较两组治疗效果。试验组平均临床症状消失时间为5.1±1.1d,体温和血象指标恢复时间分别为2.2±1.0d和3.4±1.3d,X线胸片消失时间为6.3±1.4d,试验组的各项临床指标和恢复时间与对照组比较,均有显著性差异,且差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。试验组总有效率为86.0%,对照组为78.0%,两者差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。采用头孢呋辛钠治疗老年COPD合并感染患者取得了良好的临床效果,可有效抵抗感染,改善临床症状。