常用疫苗接种后的皮肤不良反应

对多数人群而言 ,疫苗接种后必然会产生有益的“免疫反应” ,但对少数机体也可产生不利甚至造成损害的“变态反应” ,其临床表现多样 ,可累及多个系统。本文对几种常见疫苗接种后出现的皮肤不良反应作一综述。1　卡介苗 (ＢＣＧ)1.1　局部反应　ＢＣＧ接种后在注射部位可出现红肿硬结 ,甚至脓肿破溃 ,组织坏死。ＢＣＧ接种方法上的错误是造成严重反应的主要原因。1.2　淋巴结炎　最常累及婴、幼儿 ,很少发生于 6岁以上的儿童。Ｂｏｎｎｌａｎ ｄｅｒ[1] 对 1986年～ 1991年 3月该地区新生儿～ 5岁儿童接种ＢＣＧ后发生的不良反应作出了分析…     

免疫印迹法与免疫荧光法检测寻常型天疱疮自身抗体的比较

比较免疫印迹法与免疫荧光法对检测寻常型天疱疮抗体的临床应用价值。利用重组寻常型天疱疮抗原 (PVAEC1 2 )进行寻常型天疱疮 (PV )患者的免疫印迹法 (IBT )检测 ,并同时应用直接免疫荧光法 (DIF )和间接免疫荧光法 (IIF )检测 2 5例PV患者。IBT 2 1例阳性 (84 % ) ,DIF 2 0例阳性 (80 % ) ,IIF 18例阳性 (72 % )。正常对照 10例均为阴性。免疫荧光技术在PV的诊断与鉴别诊断中有其重要作用。利用重组PVAEC1 2行IBT以检测PV患者血清中抗PVA抗体 ,与免疫荧光法敏感性无统计学差异     

CpG ODN刺激的寻常性银屑病中性粒细胞培养上清液对HaCaT细胞增殖的影响

Objective To investigate the role of nentrophils in the pathogenesis of psoriasis vulgaris. Methods Neutrophils were isolated from venous blood samples of 25 patients with psoriasis vulgaris (including 13 cases of active psoriasis and 12 cases of inactive psoriasis) as well as 25 normal human con-trols, and cultured. Then, these neutrophils were grouped and treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 100 g/L),CpG-A (50 mg/L), CpG-B (50 mg/L), and RPMI 1640 culture medium, respectively, for 24 hours followed by the collection of culture supematants. Human keratinocytes (HaCaT) were cultured in the presence of su-pematants of treated or untreated nentrophils for 72 hours followed by the detection of cell proliferation with MTT assay. To determine the role of proinflammatory factors, SOD/CAT and monoclonal antibody to IL-8 and TNF-alpha of 400 u/mL were used to pretreat HaCaT cells 1 hour prior to the stimulation with super-natants of neutrophils. Results Compared with culture medium, the supematant of unstimulated neutrophils from normal controls or patients with inactive psoriasis had no significant effect on the proliferation of HaCaT cells (P ＞ 0.05), but that from patients with active psoriasis markedly promoted the proliferation of HaCaT cells (t = 2.41, P < 0.05). ARe, stimulation by LPS, CpG-A and CpG-B, the supematant of active patient-derived neutrophils significantly promoted the proliferation of HaCaT cells compared with that of normal control-derived nentrophils (t = 3.11, 2.89, 2.29, respectively, all P < 0.05). In comparison with tmstimulated neutrophils, the supematant from LPS- and CpG-A stimulated nentrophiles significantly accelerated the pro-liferation of HaCaT cells. Furthermore, the proliferation of HaCaT cells induced by the supematants of LPS-,CpG-A-, CpG-B-stimulated neutrophils from psoriatic patients was statistically suppressed by the pretreat-ment with the monoclonal antibody to IL-8, TNF-alpha and SOD/CAT (all P < 0.05). Conclusions In patients with psoriasis vulgaris, there is an abnormal secretion of IL-8, TNF-alpha and superoxide by neutrophils in peripheral blood, and these proinflammatory factors could promote the proliferation of HaCaT cells.     

自体干细胞注射治疗女性压力性尿失禁的实验研究

目的 探讨自体肌肉干细胞注射治疗女性压力性尿失禁的可行性.方法 采用双侧卵巢切除和反复阴道扩张的方法,构建雌性SD大鼠压力性尿失禁动物模型.45只大鼠分3组,正常对照组15只,尿失禁模型30只,其中模型对照组15只,细胞注射治疗组15只.细胞注射治疗组建立模型后第2个月末接受自体肌肉干细胞尿道周围注射治疗.注射治疗组治疗1个月后,测定3组大鼠腹压漏尿点压,同时取近段尿道组织,HE染色观察形态学变化.结果 尿失禁模型组腹压漏尿点压(n=12)(26.4±2.7)cm H2O、正常对照组(n=14)(78.4±3.1)cm H2O、细胞注射治疗组(n=11)(58.8±2.4)cm H2O.3组间两两比较差异均有统计学意义.细胞注射后局部尿道壁肌层增厚、肌纤维增强.结论 自体肌肉干细胞注射治疗能明显提高压力性尿失禁动物模型的腹压漏尿点压,并使注射位点尿道壁肌层得到增强.注射细胞数量和注射后对膀胱功能的远期影响需进一步研究.     

得宝松与地塞米松治疗非重型药产仍的对比观察

比较得宝松与地塞米松治疗非重型药疹的疗效。得宝松组５０例，使用得宝松针剂１ｍＬ，肌肉注射；地塞米松组３０例，使用地塞米松针剂５ｍｇ加入５％葡萄糖５００ｍＬ中静脉滴注，每天１次。用药后第４、７、１０天时分别记录疗效。得宝松组第４天疗效不及地塞米松组，第７天及第１０天时疗效与地塞米松组相同，得宝松安全性和依从性较好，是临床上治疗非重型药疹的首选药物。     

西地那非成功治疗L5-S1椎间盘突出所致女性神经源性性功能障碍

女性性功能障碍可以表现为性欲异常、性唤起异常、器官疾病和性交疼痛。在多数病例，性生理异常是阴蒂和阴道神经血管损伤的结果。阴道和阴蒂都含有勃起组织和PDE-5。据此，PDE-5抑制剂，西地那非被用来研究女性神经源性相关的性功能障碍。Ferrara D报道了1例患者[Int J Urol，2007，14（6）：566-567]，该病例为一个L5-S1椎间盘突出所致的神经性性功能障碍，使用西地那非治疗，并用女性性功能指数记录结果。对女性应用西地那非的讨论，重点在于女性神经血管源性的性生理和性功能。