颈-心综合征

鉴于基层临床医生对各种综合征不够熟知,本刊拟辟"临床综合征"栏目,陆续选登一些少见或新发现的综合征,以飨读者。     

毛发脱色剂引起的过敏反应

过硫酸铵是一种有效的脱色剂和氧化剂,常用于头发脱色。由于经常进行头发脱色的操作,理发师很容易发生针对过硫酸铵的过敏性接触性皮炎。除该迟发性反应外,暴露于这种气味还会引发哮喘和鼻炎等速发反应。严重的过敏反应罕见。作者报道1例24岁女性理发师,在接触脱色剂后患该种皮     

采用内镜和金属支架植入术成功治疗1例环形壁内食管分割患者

自发性壁内食管分割是一种罕见的以食管壁黏膜和黏膜下层间隙长形撕裂为特征，而无食管穿孔的病变。以前报道的多数自发性壁内食管分割病例是局部的，而环形壁内食管分割未见报道。大多数自发性壁内食管分割采取保守治疗，并且通常不会对其后遗症进行长期治疗。作报道了1例罕见的环形壁内食管分割，由于保守治疗未能缓解患的吞咽困难，而采用几种内镜下治疗该病，包括切开假腔和真腔之间的间隔、横断切开真食管壁、球囊扩张术和金属支架植入术。     

现场快速相关点检测作为沙眼抗生素靶向治疗指导的比较研究

背景:沙眼是沙眼衣原体反复感染结膜导致的疾病,居致盲感染性眼病的首位。旨在消除沙眼的控制项目多使用SAFE策略(手术,抗生素,面部清洁及环境改善)。该策略中A项针对治疗C株沙眼衣原体感染,治疗的时机选择基于临床出现显著沙眼炎型滤泡(TF)的患病率。然而,TF与C株衣原体感染相     

Reliability and Validity of a Simulation-based Acute Care Skills Assessment for Medical Students and Residents

Background: Medical students and residents are expected to be able to manage a variety of critical events after training, but many of these individuals have limited clinical experiences in the diagnosis and treatment of these conditions. Life-sized mannequins that model critical events can be used to evaluate the skills required to manage and treat acute medical conditions. The purpose of this study was to develop and test simulation exercises and associated scoring methods that could be used to evaluate the acute care skills of final-year medical students and first-year residents.

Methods: The authors developed and tested 10 simulated acute care situations that clinical faculty at a major medical school expects graduating physicians to be able to recognize and treat at the conclusion of training. Forty medical students and residents participated in the evaluation of the exercises. Four faculty members scored the students/residents.

Results: The reliability of the simulation scores was moderate and was most strongly influenced by the choice and number of simulated encounters. The validity of the simulation scores was supported through comparisons of students'/residents' performances in relation to their clinical backgrounds and experience.     

孕妇分娩前后自发性膀胱破裂

自1997年5月-2001年10月我院共收治分娩前后自发性膀胱破裂4例，报告如下。