广州市恶性肿瘤登记报告的现状与发展趋势

广州市恶性肿瘤登记报告始于1998年。文章从登记报告网络、机构、人力资源配置和登记报告技术等方面分析了广州市恶性肿瘤登记报告现状。建议政府加大政策的支持力度,健全登记报告管理体系．增加人力资源投入。加强登记报告人员的专业培训与交流,拓展恶性肿瘤危险因素监测和预测等研究领域,开发恶性肿瘤地理信息系统和预测信息系统等计算机技术,提升登记报告信息化管理技术平台的功能,提高广州市恶性肿瘤登记报告及其发病、患病和生存流行病学资料的实用价值和研究水平。     

以DNA、痘苗病毒和蛋白免疫接种提呈HIV Env蛋白的新方法

重组ＤＮＡ、痘苗病毒载体（ＶＶ）作为人类免疫缺陷症病毒（ＨＩＶ）抗原的送递系统因其能同时诱导细胞免疫和体液免疫而受到重视,作者对表达ＨＩＶ包膜（Ｅｎｖ）蛋白的ＤＮＡ和ＶＶ载体（ＤＮＡ－Ｅｎｖ和ＶＶ－Ｅｎｖ）及纯化的Ｅｎｖ蛋白的免疫效果进行了检测。 将ＨＩＶ－ⅢＢ株的 ｇｐ１４０ Ｅｎｖ编码序列插入含有巨细胞病毒增强子／启动子的质粒中,用基因枪将包被于金粒上的重组质粒注入８～１２周龄的Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６小鼠腹部;或腹腔接种表达 ＨＩＶ－ⅢＢ株蛋白的重组 ＶＶ感染细胞的裂解物;纯化蛋白疫苗则由ｇｐ １２０（１…     

甲泼尼龙预干预脊髓缺血再灌注损伤对热休克蛋白27和肿瘤坏死因子α表达的影响

Objective To observe the effect of methylprednisolone (MP) pre-intervention on ex-pressions of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in cells in rat spinal cord following ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods One hundred and fifty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 equal groups: group A (control) in which the abdominal aorta was exposed without any treatment, group B in which the abdominal aorta was clipped for 30 minutes before reperfusion for 3 bours to establish a model of ischemia- reperfusion injury, and group C in which intravenous MP injection was conducted 30 minutes before the establishment of the ischemia-reperfusion injury model. Three hours later the spinal cords were harvested. Pathological changes of spinal cord cells were observed with HE staining and expressions of HSP27 and TNF-α in spinal cord cells were observed with immunohistochemical staining. The motor function of hind-limbs before was evaluated before sample harvest. The data were analyzed with SPSS software. Results There were significant differences between groups A and B in the expressions of TNF-α and HSP27. Compared with group B, the expression of TNF-α decreased and HSP27 increased in group C, with statistically significant differences between the 2 groups. The motor function score of hind-limbs decreased in group B but improved in group C. Conclusions Since MP can decrease the expression of TNF-α and up-regulate the expression of HSP27, it has a potency of neuro-protection. Spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury can be avoided or decreased after MP pre-intervention.     

甲泼尼龙预干预脊髓缺血再灌注损伤对热休克蛋白27和肿瘤坏死因子α表达的影响

Objective To observe the effect of methylprednisolone (MP) pre-intervention on ex-pressions of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in cells in rat spinal cord following ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods One hundred and fifty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 equal groups: group A (control) in which the abdominal aorta was exposed without any treatment, group B in which the abdominal aorta was clipped for 30 minutes before reperfusion for 3 bours to establish a model of ischemia- reperfusion injury, and group C in which intravenous MP injection was conducted 30 minutes before the establishment of the ischemia-reperfusion injury model. Three hours later the spinal cords were harvested. Pathological changes of spinal cord cells were observed with HE staining and expressions of HSP27 and TNF-α in spinal cord cells were observed with immunohistochemical staining. The motor function of hind-limbs before was evaluated before sample harvest. The data were analyzed with SPSS software. Results There were significant differences between groups A and B in the expressions of TNF-α and HSP27. Compared with group B, the expression of TNF-α decreased and HSP27 increased in group C, with statistically significant differences between the 2 groups. The motor function score of hind-limbs decreased in group B but improved in group C. Conclusions Since MP can decrease the expression of TNF-α and up-regulate the expression of HSP27, it has a potency of neuro-protection. Spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury can be avoided or decreased after MP pre-intervention.     

60岁以上老干部的肺功能检测对肺气肿评定的探讨

老年医学在我国尚属一门新兴的科学，尤其在将肺功能检测用于临床诊断老年人肺部疾患的特殊性方面的研究报道很少。我院于1984年3～5月对重庆市老干部健康检查578例中的116例作了肺功能检测。本文将60岁以上的95例资料作一分析。目的在于从肺功能检测方面探讨老年人肺气肿的发病率、诊断标准及各种小气道检测法在老年人肺功能测定中的意义。     

甲泼尼龙预干预脊髓缺血再灌注损伤对热休克蛋白27和肿瘤坏死因子α表达的影响

Objective To observe the effect of methylprednisolone (MP) pre-intervention on ex-pressions of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in cells in rat spinal cord following ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods One hundred and fifty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 equal groups: group A (control) in which the abdominal aorta was exposed without any treatment, group B in which the abdominal aorta was clipped for 30 minutes before reperfusion for 3 bours to establish a model of ischemia- reperfusion injury, and group C in which intravenous MP injection was conducted 30 minutes before the establishment of the ischemia-reperfusion injury model. Three hours later the spinal cords were harvested. Pathological changes of spinal cord cells were observed with HE staining and expressions of HSP27 and TNF-α in spinal cord cells were observed with immunohistochemical staining. The motor function of hind-limbs before was evaluated before sample harvest. The data were analyzed with SPSS software. Results There were significant differences between groups A and B in the expressions of TNF-α and HSP27. Compared with group B, the expression of TNF-α decreased and HSP27 increased in group C, with statistically significant differences between the 2 groups. The motor function score of hind-limbs decreased in group B but improved in group C. Conclusions Since MP can decrease the expression of TNF-α and up-regulate the expression of HSP27, it has a potency of neuro-protection. Spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury can be avoided or decreased after MP pre-intervention.     

广州市1992～1995年学生常见病调查分析

目的：根据全国学生常见病综合防治中期考评方案的要求,对广州市12个区和县级市1992～1995年学生常见病情况进行调查分析。方法：采用按不同学习阶段分层整群随机抽样方法。结果：蛔虫感染率各区、县均有下降,但不平衡;沙眼患病率明显下降,并与健康行为形成率呈正相关;营养不良与肥胖均表现为城区高于县级市,营养不良为中学生高于小学生,肥胖为小学生高于中学生;视力低下表现为城区高于县级市,且随学龄递升而增高。结论：4年间广州市学生常见病的防治工作取得一定成绩,除视力低下和肥胖外,各病均有不同程度的下降。     

2-71月龄儿童接种AC群脑膜炎球菌(结合)b型流感嗜血杆菌(结合)联合疫苗后不良事件观察北大核心

目的评价AC群脑膜炎球菌(结合)b型流感嗜血杆菌(结合)联合疫苗(MenAC-Hib)上市后预防接种不良事件发生率。方法采用多中心、无对照、Ⅳ临床试验设计招募2-71月龄儿童,按照基础免疫程序接种MenAC-Hib,收集每剂次接种后0-30d不良事件和全程免疫后6个月内严重不良事件;分析不良事件发生率。结果受试者共接种MenAC-Hib 17116剂次,发生不良事件2099例,总发生率为12.26%。1、2、3、4级不良事件发生率分别为8.62%、6.34%、0.95%、0.01%。全身、局部不良反应发生率分别为10.93%、0.65%;全身反应主要为发热、腹泻、皮疹、烦躁,发生率分别为9.49%、1.60%、0.80%、0.73%;局部反应主要为注射部位硬结、红、肿胀,发生率分别为0.31%、0.24%、0.15%。结论2-71月龄儿童接种MenAC-Hib后不良事件发生率在预期范围内,以轻微反应为主而严重反应罕见。     

东北铁线莲中皂苷类化学成分研究

目的研究东北铁线莲Clematis manshurica的化学成分。方法采用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶色谱及高压制备色谱等方法对东北铁线莲的三萜皂苷类成分进行分离纯化,并通过其理化性质及波谱数据对分离得到的化合物进行结构表征。结果从东北铁线莲中共分离得到10个齐墩果烷型三萜皂苷类化合物,分别鉴定为威灵仙皂苷L(1)、clematichinenosideA(2)、clematochinenoside F(3)、clematernoside A(4)、clematichinenoside B(5)、clematichinenoside C(6)、clematomandshurica saponin B(7)、clematomandshurica saponin D(8)、clematomandshurica saponin C(9)、huzhangoside B(10)。结论化合物1为新的三萜皂苷类化合物,2～6为首次从该植物中分离得到。