优生与孕期用药

妇女在妊娠时常常因有一些合并症，如妊娠合并心脏病、糖尿病、甲亢或妊高征等，这些妊娠合并症需要用药物治疗。过去，产科学一向认为胎盘是自然屏障，无论孕期使用何种药物都不会通过胎盘，因此选择药物时很少考虑到药物对胎儿的影响。直到六十年代初，在欧洲有些妇女在...     

数学模型在藏族人群HBV感染流行病学研究中的应用

目的:探讨某地藏族人群乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染的流行病学模型.方法:用两级催化模型研究、分析某地HBV感染血清标志物调查资料.结果:求得两级催化模型曲线方程为:y=1.1305(e-0.0125t-e-0.1083t),并对其拟合,理论值与实际值基本吻合,结果良好(P＞0.50).结论:两级催化模型可用于HBV感染流行病学研究、估计人群HBV感染程度的定量指标,b值是一个估计阴转的指标,分析、比较各地HBV流行状况、评价防治措施的效果,均有实用价值.     

中职生职业生涯设计存在的问题及对策

针对目前中职生职业生涯设计存在的问题，提出相应对策。合理定位并设计自我职业生涯，是增强学生学习的针对性与实效性，帮助其顺利就业并取得职业生涯成功的重要举措。     

正常糖耐量人群胰岛素抵抗和胰岛β细胞分泌功能相关因素分析

目的 :探讨影响正常糖耐量 (NGT)人群胰岛素抵抗 (IR)和胰岛 β细胞分泌功能的相关因素。 方法 :对 2 12 0例NGT者 ,用稳态模式评估法 (HOMA)评价胰岛素抵抗和胰岛 β细胞分泌功能。 结果 :(1)单因素方差分析表明 ,不同年龄组的HOMA -IR、HOMA - βcell有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。 (2 )t检验表明 ,超重 /肥胖组较正常体重组 ,中心性肥胖组较非中心性肥胖组、高TG组较正常TG组、高血压组较正常血压组HOMA -IR、HOMA - βcell均有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。 (3)多元逐步回归分析表明 ,年龄、BMI、腰围、TG和舒张压是影响HOMA -IR、HOMA - βcell的主要因素。 结论 :NGT人群随着年龄、BMI、腰围、TG和血压的增加 ,IR加重 ;胰岛 β细胞分泌功能随着年龄的增加而减弱 ,随着BMI、腰围、TG和血压的增加而代偿性增强 ,以维持正常的糖耐量。     

直肠癌的术前单独放疗与联合放疗、化疗的疗效比较

目的:分析直肠癌的临床病理变化特征,对术前放疗和联合放疗、化疗的疗效进行评价。方法:146例直肠癌患者分为术前放疗组(组1)31例,放、化疗组(组2)115例。放疗总剂量为45 Gy,每周5次,每次1.8 Gy。全身化疗共2个疗程,四氢叶酸静脉滴入,随后静脉给予5-氟尿嘧啶。辅助治疗完成后4～6周采取手术治疗。结果:治疗中出现的并发症,除了组2的皮肤红斑症较多以外,其它并发症无显著差异。术后并发症最多的是切口延迟愈合,其次为肠梗阻,两组患者术后并发症没有显著差异。腔内B超和CT显示肿瘤大小的减少在组1为45.1%,组2为75.6%。术后病理显示,淋巴结减少在两组中均有明显效果。总复发率在组1为35.4%,组2为20%,且两组患者都表现出远处转移的发生率比局部复发率高。结论:术前放、化疗与单独放疗相比较,治疗中和术后并发症无显著差异;而病理学治疗效果,前者明显优于后者。     

2007年重庆市云阳县和璧山县8～10岁儿童尿碘水平分析

Objective To determine the urinary iodine level of people in Yunyang and Bishan County of Chongqing and explore into its influencing factors. Methods Using multistage cluster stratified simple random sample method, Yunyang and Bishan County were chosen as research spots, then thirty children aged 8-10 in each 3 primary school of the 2 counties were selected using stratified randomization sampling method to inspected their urine and household salt for iodine and the iodine content in drinking water. Results Five hundred and seventy-one urine samples were inspected and the urinary iodine median was 261.47 μg/L. 5.78% (33/571) and 37.48%(214/571) of samples had an urinary iodine median less than 100 μg/L and more than 300 μg/L. The urinary iodine median of Yunyang County was higher than that of Bishan (H = 7.42, P < 0.01). The iodine salt coverage rate, the qualified rate and edible qualified iodine salt rate respectively were 99.64%(554/556), 94.22% (522/554) and 93.88% (522/556) in 556 samples of family table salt. Eighty-seven samples of drinking water were inspected, resulting an averaged iodine content of 8.81 and 2.97 μg/L, respectively in the 2 counties. Conclusions The 2 counties are all the area of iodine deficiency. The urinary iodine level, although meeting the demand of eliminating iodine deficiency diseases, is a little bit higher given that iodized salt of present doage has been taken for a long time. The content of iodized salt should be adjusted accordingly.     

2007年重庆市云阳县和璧山县8～10岁儿童尿碘水平分析

Objective To determine the urinary iodine level of people in Yunyang and Bishan County of Chongqing and explore into its influencing factors. Methods Using multistage cluster stratified simple random sample method, Yunyang and Bishan County were chosen as research spots, then thirty children aged 8-10 in each 3 primary school of the 2 counties were selected using stratified randomization sampling method to inspected their urine and household salt for iodine and the iodine content in drinking water. Results Five hundred and seventy-one urine samples were inspected and the urinary iodine median was 261.47 μg/L. 5.78% (33/571) and 37.48%(214/571) of samples had an urinary iodine median less than 100 μg/L and more than 300 μg/L. The urinary iodine median of Yunyang County was higher than that of Bishan (H = 7.42, P < 0.01). The iodine salt coverage rate, the qualified rate and edible qualified iodine salt rate respectively were 99.64%(554/556), 94.22% (522/554) and 93.88% (522/556) in 556 samples of family table salt. Eighty-seven samples of drinking water were inspected, resulting an averaged iodine content of 8.81 and 2.97 μg/L, respectively in the 2 counties. Conclusions The 2 counties are all the area of iodine deficiency. The urinary iodine level, although meeting the demand of eliminating iodine deficiency diseases, is a little bit higher given that iodized salt of present doage has been taken for a long time. The content of iodized salt should be adjusted accordingly.     

2007年重庆市云阳县和璧山县8～10岁儿童尿碘水平分析

Objective To determine the urinary iodine level of people in Yunyang and Bishan County of Chongqing and explore into its influencing factors. Methods Using multistage cluster stratified simple random sample method, Yunyang and Bishan County were chosen as research spots, then thirty children aged 8-10 in each 3 primary school of the 2 counties were selected using stratified randomization sampling method to inspected their urine and household salt for iodine and the iodine content in drinking water. Results Five hundred and seventy-one urine samples were inspected and the urinary iodine median was 261.47 μg/L. 5.78% (33/571) and 37.48%(214/571) of samples had an urinary iodine median less than 100 μg/L and more than 300 μg/L. The urinary iodine median of Yunyang County was higher than that of Bishan (H = 7.42, P < 0.01). The iodine salt coverage rate, the qualified rate and edible qualified iodine salt rate respectively were 99.64%(554/556), 94.22% (522/554) and 93.88% (522/556) in 556 samples of family table salt. Eighty-seven samples of drinking water were inspected, resulting an averaged iodine content of 8.81 and 2.97 μg/L, respectively in the 2 counties. Conclusions The 2 counties are all the area of iodine deficiency. The urinary iodine level, although meeting the demand of eliminating iodine deficiency diseases, is a little bit higher given that iodized salt of present doage has been taken for a long time. The content of iodized salt should be adjusted accordingly.     

2007年重庆市云阳县和璧山县8～10岁儿童尿碘水平分析

Objective To determine the urinary iodine level of people in Yunyang and Bishan County of Chongqing and explore into its influencing factors. Methods Using multistage cluster stratified simple random sample method, Yunyang and Bishan County were chosen as research spots, then thirty children aged 8-10 in each 3 primary school of the 2 counties were selected using stratified randomization sampling method to inspected their urine and household salt for iodine and the iodine content in drinking water. Results Five hundred and seventy-one urine samples were inspected and the urinary iodine median was 261.47 μg/L. 5.78% (33/571) and 37.48%(214/571) of samples had an urinary iodine median less than 100 μg/L and more than 300 μg/L. The urinary iodine median of Yunyang County was higher than that of Bishan (H = 7.42, P < 0.01). The iodine salt coverage rate, the qualified rate and edible qualified iodine salt rate respectively were 99.64%(554/556), 94.22% (522/554) and 93.88% (522/556) in 556 samples of family table salt. Eighty-seven samples of drinking water were inspected, resulting an averaged iodine content of 8.81 and 2.97 μg/L, respectively in the 2 counties. Conclusions The 2 counties are all the area of iodine deficiency. The urinary iodine level, although meeting the demand of eliminating iodine deficiency diseases, is a little bit higher given that iodized salt of present doage has been taken for a long time. The content of iodized salt should be adjusted accordingly.     

原子荧光光谱法测定矿物药大青盐中总砷和总汞的含量

目的研究矿物药大青盐中总砷和总汞的测定方法。方法采用湿法消解,双道原子荧光光谱法测定大青盐中的总砷和总汞。结果砷浓度在0～10μg.L-1、汞浓度在0～1.0μg.L-1范围内与原子荧光强度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数砷为0.9992、汞为0.9904,方法的检出限砷为0.0259μg.L-1、汞为0.0061μg.L-1,回收率砷为90.9%～100.8%、汞为90.0%～101.3%。结论该方法专属性强、简便易行、灵敏度高,可用于矿物药大青盐中有害元素总砷和总汞的限量控制。