谷氨酰胺强化肠内营养支持对全胃切除术后营养及免疫功能影响的研究

目的 探讨经胃十二指肠管谷氨酰胺强化肠内营养支持对全胃切除术后营养及免疫功能的影响。 方法 收集2006年10月至2009年2月上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院普外科接受全胃切除术的72例进展期胃癌病人,随机分为谷氨酰胺强化肠内营养（EN+Gln）组、肠内营养（EN）组和对照组。在术后48h内待一般情况稳定后即开始给予肠内营养。观察肛门排气恢复时间、术后并发症发生率及住院时间,分别于术前1d、术后3d和12d检测总蛋白、白蛋白、前白蛋白、转铁蛋白,术后7d检测外周血NK细胞、CD4+T细胞、CD8+ T细胞和免疫球蛋白IgM、IgG。 结果 EN+Gln组与EN组术后并发症发生率及住院时间均低于对照组。术后第3天3组病人总蛋白、白蛋白、前白蛋白及转铁蛋白均较术前明显下降,且对照组总蛋白、白蛋白及转铁蛋白下降幅度更大（P<0.05）,术后第14天时EN+Gln组与EN组的总蛋白、白蛋白、前白蛋白及转铁蛋白水平明显高于对照组（P<0.05）。术后第7天EN+Gln组CD4+T细胞、NK细胞百分比和IgM、IgG较术前明显升高,且较EN组和对照组同期显著升高（P<0.05）。 结论 全胃切除术病人围手术期谷氨酰胺强化肠内营养支持有助于改善营养和免疫状态、促进术后恢复,减少并发症发生率和缩短住院时间。     

核转录因子Nrf2与肺纤维化相关研究进展

正机体在氧化与抗氧化失衡的过程中产生大量活性氧(Reactive Oxygen Species,ROS),本身ROS容易与蛋白质、核酸、脂质等大分子物质发生氧化反应造成细胞生物膜损伤及胞内氧化磷酸化障碍,此时,机体会启动相应的抗氧化蛋白,比如SOD、GSH等,以减轻氧化应激反应对细胞的损伤。研究证实,Nrf2-keap1-ARE信号通路是目前机体最主要的内源性抗氧化信号通路[1],核因子NF-E2相关因子     

木糖醇注射液与临床常用五种抗菌药物的配伍稳定性考察

目的模拟临床常用静滴浓度,研究阿奇霉素、氨苄青霉素钠、羟氨苄青霉素钠、头孢曲松钠、加替沙星五种常用抗菌药物与木糖醇注射液的配伍稳定性。方法采用紫外分光光度法测定8 h内配伍液中五种药物的含量变化,同时观察室温(25℃)下的外观及pH变化。结果阿奇霉素、加替沙星、头孢曲松钠和木糖醇注射液配伍后在室温下8 h内外观、含量、pH值没有明显变化,保持稳定状态。但氨苄青霉素钠、羟氨苄青霉素钠和木糖醇注射液配伍后在室温下2 h后含量明显下降。结论在上述条件下,木糖醇注射液可与阿奇霉素、加替沙星和头孢曲松钠配伍应用。但与氨苄青霉素钠、羟氨苄青霉素钠配伍不稳定。     

CHADS2评分与CHA2DS2-VASC评分孰优孰劣

对非瓣膜病房颤患者的血栓栓塞危险有两个评分系统,即传统的CHADS2评分和2010年欧洲指南推荐的CHA2DS2-VASC评分,此两评分到底孰优孰劣一直存在争论,该文结合我国非瓣膜病房颤的抗凝现状、两评分提出的历背景、理念及我国目前的实际情况加以比较后认为CHADS2评更符合我国的国情。     

免疫强化肠内营养在老年全胃切除术后患者中的临床应用

目的探讨谷氨酰胺强化肠内营养支持对老年患者全胃切除术后营养及免疫功能的影响。方法选择我院普外科2008年2月至2010年8月期间接受全胃切除术的84例进展期胃癌老年患者作为研究对象,平均分为谷氨酰胺强化肠内营养(Gln)组、肠内营养(EN)组和肠外营养(PN)组。观察肛门排气恢复时间、术后并发症发生率、住院时间等,分别于术前、术后第2和第10天检测血清总蛋白、白蛋白、前白蛋白和转铁蛋白水平,并于术前和术后第10天检测外周血CD4和CD8 T细胞百分数、CD4/CD8以及免疫球蛋白IgM和IgG水平。结果 3组患者均按计划完成治疗。Gln组和EN组患者术后肛门排气时间和住院时间均显著短于PN组(P<0.05)。3组患者术后并发症和消化道症状发生率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),仅PN组1例患者在术后6d发生吻合口漏,经引流、抗感染、抑制消化液分泌等治疗后于术后54d痊愈出院。3组患者术前总蛋白、白蛋白、前白蛋白及转铁蛋白水平的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后第2天各组患者上述各指标均较术前明显下降(P<0.05),但各组之间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后第10天时各项指标不同程度恢复,且Gln组和EN组患者术后10d各指标均显著高于术后2d(P<0.05);除转铁蛋白之外,Gln组与EN组患者术后第10天总蛋白、白蛋白、前白蛋白水平明显高于PN组(P<0.05),Gln组与EN组之间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术前3组患者各项免疫学指标之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后第10天Gln组患者CD4和CD8T细胞百分数、CD4/CD8比值以及血清IgM和IgG水平均已基本恢复甚至略超过术前水平,且除IgM以外均明显高于EN组和PN组相应结果(P<0.05);术后第10天EN组和PN组各项指标除EN组IgG以外仍明显低于术前水平(P<0.05)。结论老年胃癌患者行全胃切除术后早期应用谷氨酰胺强化肠内营养是安全可行的。在恢复和改善营养及免疫功能同时,可更好地促进患者术后恢复、缩短住院时间,是此类患者术后营养支持治疗的最佳选择之一。     

CO2气腹环境对胃癌细胞黏附与侵袭转移的影响

Objective To investigate the influence of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on the adhesive and invasive ability of gastric cancer cells based on the expression of adhesive and invasive molecules. Methods With an artificial CO2 pneumoperitoneum model in vitro, human gastric cancer cells MKN-45, SGC-7901 and MKN-28 were exposed to 3 different CO2 gradients: 9 mm Hg, 15 mm Hg and control group (0 mm Hg). The expression of E-cadherin, ICAM-1, MMP-2 and VEGF-A were measured at 2 and 4 hours exposure by using RT-PCR, CytoMatrixTM kit and ECMatrixTM kit. The pretreated gastric cancer cells were injected into abdominal cavity of nude mice(2×106 cells per mouse). Five mice in each group were sacrificed 4 weeks later to record the number of tumor nodules in abdominal cavity. The remaining mice were kept for observation of survival time. Results The expression of E-cadherin (MKN-45: from 2.26 to 2.19, SGC-7901 :from 2.16 to 2.09、MKN-28 :from 2.06 to 1.99), ICAM-1 (MKN-45 : from 2.20 to 2.28、SGC-7901: from 2.10 to 2.18、MKN-28: from 2.00 to 2.08), MMP-2 (MKN-45:from 2.05 to 2.13、SGC-7901: from 1.95 to 2.03、MKN-28: from 1.85 to 1.93) and VEGF-A(MKN-45 : from 2.10 to 2.16、SGC-7901 :from 2.00 to 2.06、MKN-28: from 1.90 to 1.96) didn't change significantly with increasing pressure and time (P>0.05). The expression of adhesive and invasive molecules didn't change significantly between the experimental groups and the control group. There was no statistical significance of tumor metastasis in abdominal cavity of nude mice(MKN-45:from 22 to 23、SGC-7901 :from 20 to 22、MKN-28:from 21 to 22) and survival time(MKN-45 :from 23 to 21、SGC-7901 :from 22 to 21、MKN-28 :from 22 to 21) among all the groups. Conclusion Under low pressure and short time of CO2 exposure, the adhesive and invasive capacity of gastric cancer cells did not change significantly hence did not increase the possibility of neoplasm metastasis.     

CO2气腹环境对胃癌细胞黏附与侵袭转移的影响

Objective To investigate the influence of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on the adhesive and invasive ability of gastric cancer cells based on the expression of adhesive and invasive molecules. Methods With an artificial CO2 pneumoperitoneum model in vitro, human gastric cancer cells MKN-45, SGC-7901 and MKN-28 were exposed to 3 different CO2 gradients: 9 mm Hg, 15 mm Hg and control group (0 mm Hg). The expression of E-cadherin, ICAM-1, MMP-2 and VEGF-A were measured at 2 and 4 hours exposure by using RT-PCR, CytoMatrixTM kit and ECMatrixTM kit. The pretreated gastric cancer cells were injected into abdominal cavity of nude mice(2×106 cells per mouse). Five mice in each group were sacrificed 4 weeks later to record the number of tumor nodules in abdominal cavity. The remaining mice were kept for observation of survival time. Results The expression of E-cadherin (MKN-45: from 2.26 to 2.19, SGC-7901 :from 2.16 to 2.09、MKN-28 :from 2.06 to 1.99), ICAM-1 (MKN-45 : from 2.20 to 2.28、SGC-7901: from 2.10 to 2.18、MKN-28: from 2.00 to 2.08), MMP-2 (MKN-45:from 2.05 to 2.13、SGC-7901: from 1.95 to 2.03、MKN-28: from 1.85 to 1.93) and VEGF-A(MKN-45 : from 2.10 to 2.16、SGC-7901 :from 2.00 to 2.06、MKN-28: from 1.90 to 1.96) didn't change significantly with increasing pressure and time (P>0.05). The expression of adhesive and invasive molecules didn't change significantly between the experimental groups and the control group. There was no statistical significance of tumor metastasis in abdominal cavity of nude mice(MKN-45:from 22 to 23、SGC-7901 :from 20 to 22、MKN-28:from 21 to 22) and survival time(MKN-45 :from 23 to 21、SGC-7901 :from 22 to 21、MKN-28 :from 22 to 21) among all the groups. Conclusion Under low pressure and short time of CO2 exposure, the adhesive and invasive capacity of gastric cancer cells did not change significantly hence did not increase the possibility of neoplasm metastasis.     

CO2气腹环境对胃癌细胞黏附与侵袭转移的影响

Objective To investigate the influence of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on the adhesive and invasive ability of gastric cancer cells based on the expression of adhesive and invasive molecules. Methods With an artificial CO2 pneumoperitoneum model in vitro, human gastric cancer cells MKN-45, SGC-7901 and MKN-28 were exposed to 3 different CO2 gradients: 9 mm Hg, 15 mm Hg and control group (0 mm Hg). The expression of E-cadherin, ICAM-1, MMP-2 and VEGF-A were measured at 2 and 4 hours exposure by using RT-PCR, CytoMatrixTM kit and ECMatrixTM kit. The pretreated gastric cancer cells were injected into abdominal cavity of nude mice(2×106 cells per mouse). Five mice in each group were sacrificed 4 weeks later to record the number of tumor nodules in abdominal cavity. The remaining mice were kept for observation of survival time. Results The expression of E-cadherin (MKN-45: from 2.26 to 2.19, SGC-7901 :from 2.16 to 2.09、MKN-28 :from 2.06 to 1.99), ICAM-1 (MKN-45 : from 2.20 to 2.28、SGC-7901: from 2.10 to 2.18、MKN-28: from 2.00 to 2.08), MMP-2 (MKN-45:from 2.05 to 2.13、SGC-7901: from 1.95 to 2.03、MKN-28: from 1.85 to 1.93) and VEGF-A(MKN-45 : from 2.10 to 2.16、SGC-7901 :from 2.00 to 2.06、MKN-28: from 1.90 to 1.96) didn't change significantly with increasing pressure and time (P>0.05). The expression of adhesive and invasive molecules didn't change significantly between the experimental groups and the control group. There was no statistical significance of tumor metastasis in abdominal cavity of nude mice(MKN-45:from 22 to 23、SGC-7901 :from 20 to 22、MKN-28:from 21 to 22) and survival time(MKN-45 :from 23 to 21、SGC-7901 :from 22 to 21、MKN-28 :from 22 to 21) among all the groups. Conclusion Under low pressure and short time of CO2 exposure, the adhesive and invasive capacity of gastric cancer cells did not change significantly hence did not increase the possibility of neoplasm metastasis.     

Notch1和NUMB在胃癌组织中的表达水平及其意义

目的 研究Notchl和NUMB在胃癌组织中的表达情况及其与胃癌临床病理特征的关系.方法 采用Real-time PCR和Western blotting检测胃癌肿瘤组织和相应正常组织内Notch1和NUMB的表达.结果 Notchl mRNA在胃癌中的平均表达水平是正常胃组织的1.67倍(P<0.05),且与肿瘤的分...     

肝硬化并发脑室出血1例

患者男性,47岁,以门脉性肝硬化于1994年元月28日入院。入院10年前因诊断为门脉性肝硬化脾功能亢进行“脾切除术”。无高血压病史。入院查体:神清,BP16/12kPa,心肺无异常,左上腹部一手术疤痕,肝未触及,大量腹水征。血小板:103×10~9/L。肝功:TB 正