Dexamethasone treatment attenuates early seawater instillation-induced acute lung injury in rabbits.

There is very little evidence on the value of giving corticoids in cases of seawater drowning induced acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether dexamethasone treatment can attenuate seawater instillation-induced acute lung injury in rabbits. Seawater (4 ml/kg body weight) was instilled into the lower trachea of ventilated, anesthetized rabbits. Then these rabbits were assigned randomly 20 min later to receive intravenous injection of 1mg/kg body weight of dexamethasone (dissolving in 2 ml of normal saline) or 2 ml of normal saline. All animals demonstrated immediate drops in arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) and the total thoracic compliance, which were significantly improved after 2 h of dexamethasone treatment. Histopathological study also indicated that dexamethasone treatment markedly attenuated lung histopathological changes, alveolar hemorrhage and inflammatory cells infiltration with evidence of decreasing of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) concentration in lung tissue. In addition, dexamethasone treatment reduced extravascular lung water and lung epithelial-endothelial barrier permeability, up-regulated the expression of surfactant protein-A (SP-A) and alpha-epithelial Na+ channel, and increased Na+/K+-adenosine triphosphatase (Na+/K+-ATPase) activity and Na+/K+-ATPase-alpha1 protein abundance. Thus, these data indicate that dexamethasone treatment might be of benefit in patients with seawater aspiration-induced ALI.     

56例踝关节骨折的内固定治疗分析

目的总结踝关节骨折手术治疗方法及临床疗效。方法对自2004年1月～2004年12月踝关节骨折56例手术进行性回顾分析。结果56例获6～18个月随访，骨折愈合时间12～18周，疗效评定依据Baird-Jackson评分标准：本组优37例，良13例，可5例，差1例，优良率89.3％。结论合理的手术时机和内固定治疗踝关节骨折可取得满意的疗效。     

不同病理类型原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症临床表现的比较分析

目的 分析不同病理类型甲状旁腺功能亢进（PHPT）的临床表现特点。方法 回顾性分析1958-2005年北京协和医院收治经手术病理证实的280例PHPT患者的临床资料。按病理类型分为甲状旁腺腺瘤组208例，甲状旁腺增生组52例及甲状旁腺腺癌组20例。结果 腺癌组中男性高于另外2组（P〈0．05）。增生及腺癌组中骨畸形、骨软化比例较低，增生组骨吸收、病理性骨折比例低于腺瘤组；胃肠道症状、多饮多尿及泌尿系统病变在腺癌组中高于另外2组（P均〈0．05）。血总钙（TCa）、血游离钙离子（ICa）及24h尿Ca在腺癌组显著高于腺瘤组及增生组（P均〈0．01），在腺瘤组与增生组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。出现高钙危象的比例在腺癌组显著高于另外2组（P〈0．01）。腺癌组病灶重量高于增生组，腺瘤组病灶直径小于增生组（P均〈0．05）。结论 在本组病例中，腺癌组男性比例较高，泌尿系统病变更为多见，出现高钙危象的比例显著增高，术后复发的比例较高。增生组骨骼系统病变相对较轻，其病变甲状旁腺重量低于腺癌与腺瘤组。     

大鼠静脉窦高压致硬膜血管变化的研究

目的探讨大鼠静脉窦高压后硬膜血管变化及其静脉窦高压在硬脑膜动静脉瘘形成中的作用。方法体重200～250g的SD雄性大鼠110只,随机分为静脉窦高压组(85只)和假手术组(25只),将静脉窦高压组85只大鼠闭塞左侧横窦和上矢状窦前1／3,并吻合右侧颈总动脉和颈外静脉,制成静脉窦高压模型。假手术组大鼠单纯解剖相应的颈部血管和硬脑膜窦,但不行吻合或闭塞。术后90d,随机取7只静脉窦高压组大鼠和5只假手术组大鼠,行硬脑膜血管明胶墨汁灌注,观察硬膜血管的状况。结果术后90d静脉窦高压组和假手术组大鼠的硬膜血管数分别为(10.7±1.5)条／mm,(10.3±0.6)条／mm,差异无显著性。在静脉窦高压组中1只大鼠有硬脑膜动静脉瘘,其形态和结构与生理性动静脉短路类似。结论大鼠静脉窦高压一段时间后,颅内硬膜血管无明显增生。颅内硬脑膜动静脉瘘的形成很可能是由动静脉间的短路发展而来。     

糖耐量试验对评价肝癌患者肝脏储备功能的价值

绝大多数肝细胞性肝癌患者合并肝硬变，为预测其对肝切除的耐受性，给正确选择切肝患者提供依据，作者对６２例切肝者和４９例未切肝者手术前后的糖耐量试验（ＯＧＴＴ）和肝组织病理学进行了对比研究。结果：术前ＯＧＴＴ曲地Ｐ型者切肝后恢复顺利；Ｌ型者对肝切的耐受性差，术后易发生肝功能衰竭等并发症，其肝硬化和蔼多为ＣⅢ或ＣⅣ级，曲线形态界于Ｐ和Ｌ型之间的Ｉ型患者２９例用肝门区域血管阻断法切肝，并在阻断血管前使用预     

神经肽Y标记神经元在大鼠脑桥的分布

目的:观察了神经肽Y（NPY）样神经元在大鼠脑桥的分布,为探讨脑桥NPY样神经元的功能提供实验形态学依据。方法:免疫组织化学方法（PAP法）。结果:在脑桥可见到前庭神经上核、耳蜗神经腹侧核及脑桥尾侧网状核NPY样免疫反应胞体。前庭神经上核的NPY样胞体较多且密集,细胞大小均匀,呈梭形或椭圆形,有明显突起;耳蜗神经腹侧核内的NPY样胞体呈大小均匀分布,圆形且较小,突起不明显;脑桥尾侧网状核内的NPY样胞体分布较稀疏,且大小不一,呈菱形或梭形,有明显较长的突起。结论:NPY样神经元不仅广泛存在于端脑和下丘脑,在脑桥也同样有着广泛的分布。     

Effects of Platelet Factor 4 on Expression of Bone Marrow Heparan Sulfate in Syngenic Bone Marrow Transplantation Mice

Platelet factor 4 ( PF4) is a negativehematopoietic factor.It can inhibit the prolifera-tion of endothelial cells and hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells,particularly megakaryoryocyticcells,reversibly[1] ,inhibit DNA synthesis,blockcell cycle progression during S phase and reducethe sensibility of normal hematopoietic stem/pro-genitor cells,but not some cancer or leukemia celllines,to cytotoxic drugs and ionizing radia-tion[2 - 3] ,and it also can cause a population in-crease of the stem cel…     

Slowly progressive hemiparesis in childhood as a consequence of Rasmussen encephalitis without or with delayed-onset seizures

Five young children developed slowly progressive hemiparesis as the initial manifestation of Rasmussen encephalitis (RE). Three have remained seizure free over an observational period of 1.3–1.9 years. In the remaining two patients, seizures occurred after 0.5 and 0.6 years respectively. We suggest that RE might be presently underdiagnosed and should be suspected in cases of new onset hemiparesis. In this series, three out of five patients showed oligoclonal bands on examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) which represented additional diagnostic hints towards an immune-mediated condition. According to recently published formal diagnostic criteria, evidence of progressive cerebral hemiatrophy or bioptic identification of RE-typical inflammation confirms the diagnosis in such cases. Long-term immunotherapy is recommended in order to prevent further tissue loss and functional decline.