Studies on corneal penetration ofp-hydroxybenzoic acid esters

Corneal permeability of variousn-alkylp-hydroxybenzoates (parabens) was studiedin vitro using excised rabbit corneas, and the effect of lipophilicity of parabens on the corneal permeability was also investigated. Permeability coefficients were obtained from the least-square linear regression after the steady state had been reached. Lipophilicity of parabens was calculated by distribution coefficients determined in octanol-S \(12_\phi [\kern-0.15em[ \) rensen’s buffer solution (pH 5.0). The relationship between lipophilicity and corneal permeability of parabens was not linear, but the optimum lipophilicity for the maximum permeation was found. The influence of tween 80 on corneal permeability of methyl and butylparaben was not significant.     

山莨菪碱对妊娠高血压综合征子宫胎盘血流影响

目的：观察山莨菪碱对妊娠高血压综合征(妊高征)子宫动脉、脐动脉血流的短期影响.方法：妊高征患者14例给予山莨菪碱10～20 mg加入5%葡萄糖溶液500 mL中,静脉滴注,观察用药前后血压、体重、蛋白尿变化,多普勒超声监测用药前后子宫动脉、脐动脉的收缩期峰值(S)/舒张末期血流速度(D)(S/D),阻力指数(RI)、搏动指数(PI).结果：用药后收缩压及舒张压明显下降(P＜0.05)；水肿、蛋白尿减轻或消退；子宫动脉和脐动脉的S/D、RI、PI均明显下降(P＜0.01).结论：山莨菪碱治疗妊高征能降低子宫、胎盘血流阻力,增加其血流灌注,同时改善孕妇临床症状,有利于母婴预后.     

鼠和兔中流行性感冒病毒抗体的制备及测定

报道了流行性感冒病毒抗体的制备及其抗体价的检测方法。利用鼠、兔对流行性感冒(IFV)抗原的免疫反应制备抗体；酶联免疫法(ELISA)测定抗体价。结果显示：Freund佐剂与抗原的混合乳液，具有流行性感冒病毒的抗原特异性，且能够增强抗原的免疫原性，并改变宿主的免疫反应原性。     

鼻息肉组织中一氧化氮与肿瘤坏死因子-α的表达及其相关性研究

目的：探讨一氧化氮(NO)与肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)在鼻息肉组织中的表达的相关性及其在鼻息肉形成过程中的作用。方法：应用化学比色法和放射免疫法对33例鼻息肉患者(鼻息肉组)的息肉、黏膜和血清标本及10例鼻中隔偏曲患者(对照组)的黏膜和血清标本进行NO和TNF-α的检测。结果：鼻息肉组的息肉和黏膜中的NO及TNF-α水平明显高于对照组的黏膜，其差异有极显著性意义(P＜0．01)，两组血清标本差异无显著性意义(P＞0．05)；鼻息肉组的息肉和黏膜中NO与TNF-α之间呈明显负相关(r＝一0．411，P＜0．05和r＝一0．476，P＜0．01)；息肉和黏膜中的TNF-α水平呈明显正相关(r＝0．808，P＜0．01)。结论：鼻息肉组织中有较高水平的NO及TNF-α的存在，且二者之间存在负反馈关系，提示NO与TNF-α在鼻息肉形成过程中有重要作用。     

针灸治疗单纯性肥胖症及机理研究探讨

单纯性肥胖症是当今社会常见病、多发病之一。近年来 ,针灸治疗单纯性肥胖症无论在临床方面还是在实验机理研究方面 ,均取得较大进展。但针灸减肥的机理研究大多局限在中枢神经核团神经递质含量的研究 ,没有新的突破 ,在临床方面有待于更多、更科学、更规范的临床研究报道。     

β-果糖基转移酶的性质研究

目的研究低聚果糖产生菌黑曲霉 (Aspergillusniger)SIPI 6 0 2来源的 β 果糖基转移酶 (β FT)的性质。 方法经典的酶学研究方法。结果 β FT催化蔗糖转化成蔗果三糖的Km和Vmax分别为 2 6 8.37g L和 2 .37g (min·L) ;将蔗果三糖转化成蔗果四糖的Km和Vmax分别为 173.0 8g L和 0 .10g (min·L)。葡萄糖是 β FT的竞争性抑制剂 ,其Ki=2 4 5 .2 3g L。β FT反应的最适pH为 4 .5～ 6 .0 ,最适温度为 5 5℃。β FT在中性条件、5 0℃以下稳定性良好。β FT转化蔗糖生成低聚果糖的反应进程实验表明 ,高浓度的底物有利于提高反应速度和转化率 ,并且产物中果糖浓度较低浓度底物中低。结论黑曲霉SIPI 6 0 2来源的 β FT适合用于工业化生产低聚果糖     

通关利窍针法治疗中风致假性延髓麻痹临床观察

目的　观察通关利窍针法治疗中风致假性延髓麻痹的疗效。方法　将 10 0例患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各 5 0例 ,治疗组采用通关利窍针法 ,对照组采用康复训练法 ,均 14次为 1个疗程 ,疗程间休息 3日 ,2个疗程后评定疗效。结果　治疗组总有效率 96 .4 % ,对照组 2 4 % ,两组差异有显著性意义 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,治疗组疗效和年龄、病程、病情轻重有关。结论　通关利窍针法治疗中风后假性延髓麻痹优于康复训练法     

磁导向载体阿霉素介入治疗原发性肝癌的临床研究

目的：观察磁导向载体阿霉素(MTC-DOX)肝动脉介入治疗原发性肝癌的有效性和安全性。方法：将Seldinger导管超选择插入肿瘤供血肝动脉，以脉冲给药的方式注入MTC-DOX，21天为一周期，连续用药2周期以上按照WHO标准进行评价。结果：不能手术的原发性肝癌患共11例入组，10例可以评价疗效，治疗后NC7例，PD3例，中位肿瘤进展时间(TTP)为182天，有3例临床症状减轻，有4例生活质量改善，1年生存率达到54．5％；11例可以评价毒性，毒副反应均较轻，主要为轻中度的肝区疼痛和发热，少数患有胃肠道反应和一过性转氨酶升高。结论：采用磁导向载体阿霉素介入治疗原发性肝癌靶向性特别好，疗效明显，同时毒性反应轻微，值得进一步研究。     

The attitudes of cancer patients and their families toward the disclosure of terminal illness.

PURPOSE:To ascertain the attitude of cancer patients and their families toward disclosure of terminal illness to the patient. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We constructed a questionnaire that included demographic and clinical information and delivered it to 758 consecutive individuals (433 cancer patients and 325 families that have a relative with cancer) at seven university hospitals and one national cancer center in Korea. RESULTS: 380 cancer patients and one member from each of 281 families that have a relative with cancer completed the questionnaire. Cancer patients were more likely than family members to believe that patients should be informed of the terminal illness (96.1% v 76.9%; P <.001). Fifty percent of the family members and 78.3% of the patients thought that the doctor in charge should be the one who informs the patient. Additionally, 71.7% of the patients and 43.6% of the family members thought that patients should be informed immediately after the diagnosis. Stepwise multiple logistic regression indicated that the patient group was more likely than the family group to want the patient to be informed of the terminal illness (odds ratio [OR], 9.76; 95% CI, 4.31 to 22.14), by the doctor (OR, 4.00; 95% CI, 2.61 to 6.11), and immediately after the diagnosis (OR, 3.64; 95% CI, 2.45 to 5.41). CONCLUSION: Our findings indicated that most cancer patients want to be informed if their illness is terminal, and physicians should realize that the patient and the family unit may differ in their attitude toward such a disclosure. Our results also reflect the importance of how information is given to the patient.     

Intravenous RNA interference gene therapy targeting the human epidermal growth factor receptor prolongs survival in intracranial brain cancer.

PURPOSE: The human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays an oncogenic role in solid cancer, including brain cancer. The present study was designed to prolong survival in mice with intracranial human brain cancer with the weekly i.v. injection of nonviral gene therapy causing RNA interference (RNAi) of EGFR gene expression. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Human U87 gliomas were implanted in the brain of adult scid mice, and weekly i.v. gene therapy was started at day 5 after implantation of 500000 cells. An expression plasmid encoding a short hairpin RNA directed at nucleotides 2529-2557 within the human EGFR mRNA was encapsulated in pegylated immunoliposomes. The pegylated immunoliposome was targeted to brain cancer with 2 receptor-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAb), the murine 83-14 MAb to the human insulin receptor and the rat 8D3 MAb to the mouse transferrin receptor. RESULTS: In cultured glioma cells, the delivery of the RNAi expression plasmid resulted in a 95% suppression of EGFR function, based on measurement of thymidine incorporation or intracellular calcium signaling. Weekly i.v. RNAi gene therapy caused reduced tumor expression of immunoreactive EGFR and an 88% increase in survival time of mice with advanced intracranial brain cancer. CONCLUSIONS: Weekly i.v. nonviral RNAi gene therapy directed against the human EGFR is a new therapeutic approach to silencing oncogenic genes in solid cancers. This is enabled with a nonviral gene transfer technology that delivers liposome-encapsulated plasmid DNA across cellular barriers with receptor-specific targeting ligands.