Protective effect of pinocembrin from Penthorum chinense Pursh on hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury via regulating HMGB1/TLR4 signal pathway

Hepatic ischemia–reperfusion injury (HIRI) is of common occurrence during liver surgery and transplantation. Pinocembrin (PIN) is a kind of flavonoid monomer extracted from the local traditional Chinese medicine Penthorum chinense Pursh (P. chinense). However, the effect of PIN on HIRI has not determined. We investigated the protective effect and potential mechanism of PIN against HIRI. Model mice were subjected to partial liver ischemia for 60 min, experimental mice were pretreated with PIN orally for 7 days, and H₂O₂-induced oxidative damage model in AML12 hepatic cells was established in vitro. Histopathologic analysis and serum biochemical levels revealed that PIN had hepatoprotective activities against HIRI. The variation of GSH, SOD, MDA, and ROS levels indicated that PIN treatments attenuated oxidative stress in tissue. PIN pretreatment obviously ameliorated apoptosis, and restrained the expression of HMGB1 and TLR4 in vivo. In vitro, compared with H₂O₂ group, the contents of ROS, mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptotic cells, and Bcl-2 protein were decreased, while the Bax protein expression was increased. Moreover, HMGB-1 small interfering RNA test and western blotting showed that PIN pretreatment reduced HMGB1 and TLR4 protein levels. In conclusion, PIN pretreatment effectively protected hepatocytes from HIRI and inhibited the HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway.     

Occurrence,Human Exposure,and Risk Assessment of Polybrominated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins and Dibenzofurans,Polychlorinated Naphthalenes,and Metals in Atmosphere Around Industrial Parks in Jiangsu,China

Air samples were collected around industrial parks in Jiangsu, China, to allow the concentrations, profiles, and risk assessment of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs), polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), and metals to be investigated. The concentrations of ΣPBDD/Fs and ΣPCNs were 1324.26–2080.98 fg/m³ (11.35–42.57 fg I-TEQ/m³) and 10,404.9–29,322.9 fg/m³ (1.32–7.19 fg I-TEQ/ m³), respectively. The highest concentration of ΣPBDD/Fs and ΣPCNs were observed at site C. PBDD/Fs were mainly dominated by PBDFs. The main contributor to the ΣPBDD/Fs in all samples was 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpBDF, which accounted for 25.75%–39.4%. For PCNs, the predominating homologues were tetra-, tri- and penta-CNs, which contributed 30.7%–43.3%, 24.7%–31.0%, and 10.6%–21.6%, respectively. As for metals, the pollution of As, Mn, Cr, and Ni in most samples exceeded National Ambient Air Quality Standards of China. Assessing the risk of inhalation exposure showed that there were potential carcinogenic risks to local residents.

     

微波体模

用水、盐,聚氯乙烯粉和羧甲基纤维钠四种材料配制成一种适用的微波体模(模拟肌肉组织)。该体模的复介电系数在300～2500MHz范围内与实际人体肌肉组织的误差≤5％。这种体模的优点是材料立足国内,价廉,室温下配制,使用方便。本文也给出这种体模的温度特性,稳定性和热学特性,供电磁场生物效应和微波热疗等研究使用。     

肾上腺髓质微血管构筑

本文以树脂铸型扫描电镜法,观察大鼠和小鼠肾上腺髓质的微血管构筑,并特别注意髓质血管和皮质血管的相互关系;此外切片观察测量了肾上腺髓质两种嗜铬细胞的分布。肾上腺皮质集合小静脉发出侧支,分布于髓质,构成了门静脉循环特点。小鼠的肾上腺髓质,主要由这种侧支供应;而大鼠的髓质,还有多支髓质动脉供应。从血管铸型上表现出的明显局部环形缩窄推测,肾上腺髓质血液循环有若干括约装置控制。大、小鼠两种嗜铬细胞在肾上腺髓质内的分布不同,大鼠的呈随机分布;小鼠的 NA 细胞多靠近皮质,而 A 细胞多远离皮质。     

Histopathological features of congenital fundus lesions in familial adenomatous polyposis

We report the light and electron microscopic findings for two lesions from two patients who died of complications of familial adenomatous polyposis. In the first case microscopy of a small (100 to 200 mu), uniformly dark lesion (the commonest type seen in this condition) showed enlarged retinal pigment epithelial cells with an increased number of pigment granules. This is consistent with the term "hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium", currently used to describe these lesions. In the second case we sectioned a larger (1000 to 1500 mu), oval, grey lesion from the posterior pole. The pigment epithelium was normal, but between it and outer retina was an unusual choristoma consisting largely of myelinated axons and astrocytes.     

咪唑安定、异丙酚对体外循环期酸碱平衡的影响

目的 观察异丙酚和咪唑安定在体外循环麻醉中对术前和术中的酸碱度的影响.方法 40例先天性心脏病患者随机分为两组(异丙酚组、咪唑安定组),监测手术前、主动脉阻断10 min和复温至31℃时血气指标等的动态变化.结果与手术前比,主动脉阻断10 min和复温后,血液pH、PaCO2、HCO3-、BEB两组均有明显变化(P＜0.05),但两组间差异无显著性(P＞0.05).结论异丙酚和咪唑安定在体外循环麻醉中其对酸碱度无明显的影响.