MAPKs与Keap1-Nrf2-ARE信号通路的窜扰作用在慢性阻塞性肺疾病中的作用及意义

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)是一种可预防和治疗的疾病,与有害颗粒或气体对肺损伤有关,病理特征为气流受限、慢性呼吸道炎症,其主要病理表现为炎症反应、黏液分泌过量、氧化应激和上皮细胞凋亡。现代研究表明,MAPKs与Keap1-Nrf2-ARE信号通路参与调控炎症、氧化应激等病理过程。本文重点探讨以上信号通路在炎症反应、黏液分泌过量、氧化应激和上皮细胞凋亡中的相互影响,并在此基础上关注与MAPKs及Keap1-Nrf2-ARE信号通路相关的药物,以期阐明MAPKs和Keap1-Nrf2-ARE信号通路及其窜扰作用在调控COPD病理生理中的重要作用和意义,同时为COPD防治的药物研究和开发提供更多思路。     

《伤寒论》两英文译本翻译方法的对此分析

选取在国内外影响较广的两个《伤寒论》的英文译本,摘取其中较具代表性的句式进行比较和分析,希望对中医典籍的翻译工作带来帮助和启发.     

益智仁盐炙对水负荷多尿模型大鼠缩尿作用的研究

目的:通过比较盐炙益智仁对水负荷多尿模型大鼠的缩尿作用,进一步验证益智仁盐炙人肾传统炮制理论的正确性.方法:SD大鼠按尿量、体重均匀分成正常组、模型组、缩泉丸组、益智仁石油醚部位生品(低、中、高剂量)组、盐炙品(低、中、高剂量)9组,缩泉丸组剂量为1.5 g·kg-1,益智仁石油醚部位生品和盐炙品低、中、高剂量分别为含生药4.5,9,18g·kg-1.各组按10 mL·kg-1体积灌胃给药1周后,用1％盐水造成大鼠水负荷多尿模型.采用代谢笼法测定大鼠尿量、首次排尿时间,并计算6h排泄率;放免法测定大鼠血清精氨酸加压素(AVP)含量.结果:与模型组相比,益智仁生、炙品(除生品低剂量组外)能显著降低0～1h段大鼠尿量(P＜0.01),延长大鼠首次排尿时间(生品高剂量组P＜0.05,盐炙品低、中、高剂量组P ＜0.01),显著降低大鼠6h排泄率(生品高剂量组P＜0.05,盐炙品高剂量组P＜0.01).与模型组相比,各组AVP含量均升高,其中生品高剂量、盐炙品中、高剂量组有极显著性差异(P＜0.01).结论:益智仁石油醚部位具有缩尿作用,盐炙能增强其作用.     

疏肝健脾法治疗2型糖尿病30例

目的观察疏肝健脾法治疗肝郁脾虚型2型糖尿病的临床疗效。方法选择符合标准的肝郁脾虚型2型糖尿病患者60例,随机分为治疗组30例（中西药结合组）和对照组30例（西药组）,记录治疗前后的血糖、血脂、胰岛素水平、体重指数、胰岛素抵抗指数及中医证候积分,进行统计学分析。结果治疗组和对照组在治疗前后的血糖、血脂、体重指数、胰岛素抵抗指数和中医证候积分方面均有明显改善,在改善餐后2小时血糖、甘油三酯、胰岛素抵抗指数、中医证候积分方面,治疗组明显优于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论疏肝健脾法可明显改善临床症状、体征,改善2型糖尿病患者的胰岛素抵抗,降低胰岛素、血糖、血脂水平。疏肝健脾法对于治疗2型糖尿病具有良好的效果。     

Treatment of 40 cases of infantile convulsion by Tuina

Infantile convulsion is a common disease in infants and babies and often caused by scare and improper nursing. Its main clinical manifestations are fright,crying and waking up with a start, etc. Since 1998, we have treated 40 cases by Tuina. It is summarized as follows.     

妥布霉素玻璃酸钠滴眼液在超声乳化白内障摘出术后的应用

目的评价妥布霉素玻璃酸钠滴眼液在超声乳化白内障摘出术后应用的临床有效性和安全性。方法随机、双盲筛选出白内障患者121例（121眼）施行超声乳化白内障摘出联合人工晶状体植入术，分为试验组和对照组，试验组术后滴用妥布霉素玻璃酸钠滴眼液，对照组术后滴用妥布霉素地塞米松滴眼液，分别于术后第1d、用药后第3、7、14d观察眼部症状和体征，并进行统计学分析。结果两组术后泪膜破裂时间、结膜充血、睫状充血、房水闪辉等比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；角膜内皮细胞计数、视力、眼压等比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论对部分手术创伤小，反应轻的超声乳化白内障摘出术后的患者可以使用妥布霉素玻璃酸钠滴眼液。     

Changes of TGF-β2, MMP-2, and TIMP-2 levels in the vitreous of patients with high myopia

Purpose

To investigate the concentrations of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β2, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-2 in the vitreous of patients with high myopia.

Methods

Twenty-six patients with high myopia (HM) who received vitrectomy for macular retinoschisis or macular hole were enrolled in this prospective study. Twenty-six patients with idiopathic macular hole or macular epiretinal membrane were chosen as a control group. Vitreous samples were obtained during the vitrectomy surgery. The levels of TGF-β2、MMP-2、TIMP-2 in the vitreous samples were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The MMP activity was determined by a fluorometric assay.

Results

There was no significant difference in the vitreous level of TGF-β2 between HM (1.64?±?0.38 ng/ml) and the control group (1.56?±?0.32 ng/ml, p?=?0.56). The vitreous levels of MMP-2 in HM (32.40?±?14.90 ng/ml) were significantly higher than in the control group (21.42?±?6.74 ng/ml, p?MMP-2/TIMP-2 was significantly elevated in the vitreous samples from HM (0.61?±?0.19), compared to the control group (0.48?±?0.11, p?p?Conclusions The elevated MMP/TIMP ratio and MMP activity may play a role in the pathogenesis of human high myopia. Large prospective studies are needed to further investigate the effect of MMPs in the pathogenesis of human high myopia.     

基于Sirius角膜最薄点厚度和后表面曲率对称指数的预测指标诊断早期圆锥角膜

目的：构建和验证基于Sirius眼前节分析仪参数的圆锥角膜早期诊断模型。

方法：该研究包括预测队列中的46只早期圆锥角膜眼(34例患者的20只右眼和26只左眼)和46只年龄和性别相匹配的正常眼(46例患者均为右眼)。基于Sirius的地形图、厚度和像差变量,使用LASSO和Logistic回归分析构建预测指数。应用队列包括23只被Sirius归类为可疑圆锥角膜病例的早期圆锥角膜眼(23例患者的12只右眼和11只左眼)和23只年龄和性别相匹配的正常眼(23例患者均为右眼)。在应用队列中对预测指标进行了外部验证。

结果：Sirius圆锥角膜指数(SKI)是由Sirius角膜最薄点厚度和后表面曲率对称指数计算得出。Logistic回归分析后,SKI在预测队列中具有最高的AUC值(AUC=0.932)。SKI的截止值设定为0.44。随后,详细分析了预测队列的受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线、校准图和诊断公式的列线图。最后,在应用队列中评估了SKI的准确性,其敏感性为91%,特异性为96%。

结论：基于Sirius角膜最薄点厚度和后表面曲率对称指数的SKI是屈光手术术前筛查中早期发现圆锥角膜的一种简单而有效的方法。     

Synthesis and antitumor activity evaluation of lamiridosin A derivatives

A series of lamiridosin A derivatives were synthesized through simple procedures. Their antitumor activities were evaluated against EC9706, MGC803, and B16 cell lines in vitro. Several compounds showed potent antitumor activity, especially compound 10, with IC₅₀ value of 2.36 μmol/L against MGC803 cell lines, is more potent than marketed positive drug 5-fluorouridine (5-FU).     

美施康定对癌症疼痛的镇痛效果

本组５４例重度癌痛晚期病人,给予口服美施康定３０－９０ｍｇ,每１２ｈ一次治疗,有效率９６．３％（５２／５４）,完全缓解率达８７．０％（４７／５４）。治疗中同时应用化疗及放疗,从病因上消除癌症所致的疼痛,部分病人因疼痛缓解而停用美施康定。应用美施康定其主要的副作用为便秘、恶心、呕吐、嗜睡等,治疗剂量未出现呼吸抑制及成瘾性发生。美施康定对骨痛、内脏痛、软组织浸润痛的镇痛效果较好,对神经痛效果欠佳,对这类疼痛应联合使用三环类药物,抗惊厥类及皮质类固醇等治疗。美施康定口服给药后,其起效时间及作用时间存在着个体差异,应遵循个体化原则增加剂量及用药间隙时间,以达到最理想的镇痛效果