Risk Factors for Post-ERCP Pancreatitis in High-Risk Patients Receiving Post-procedure Rectal Indomethacin

Background

Post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) is the most common adverse event of ERCP. Rectal indomethacin has been widely administered to decrease the incidence of PEP in high-risk patients. However, it cannot completely prevent the occurrence of PEP. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the risk factors for PEP in high-risk patients receiving post-ERCP indomethacin.

Methods

From June 2012 to July 2015, patients undergoing ERCP and at high risk for PEP in three tertiary hospitals in China were enrolled. All patients received indomethacin after the procedure. Patient-related and procedure-related risk factors for PEP were collected. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the risk factors.

Results

Seven hundred ninety patients at high risk for PEP received post-ERCP indomethacin. The incidence of overall PEP and moderate-to-severe PEP was 8.0 and 1.5%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD) (OR 2.73; 95%CI 1.38–5.43; p?=?0.004), the presence of hilar obstruction (OR 4.53; 95%CI 1.60–12.81; p?=?0.004), number of cannulation attempts ≥?13 (OR 2.00; 95%CI 1.07–3.77; p?=?0.030), inadvertent pancreatic duct (PD) cannulation ≥?1 (OR 2.26; 95%CI 1.04–4.90; p?=?0.040), and pancreatic contrast injections ≥?1 (OR 2.30; 95%CI 1.02–5.23; p?=?0.046) were high risk factors for overall PEP. For moderate-to-severe PEP, suspected SOD (OR 4.67; 1.19–18.35; p?=?0.027), the presence of hilar obstruction (OR 7.95; 1.39–44.97; p?=?0.010), and more cannulation attempts (OR 3.71; 1.09–12.65; p?=?0.036) were three independent risk factors.

Conclusions

A substantial number of high-risk patients had PEP even receiving post-ERCP rectal indomethacin. The independent risk factors included suspected SOD, hilar stricture, more cannulation attempts, inadvertent PD cannulation, and PD contrast injections.

Trial Registration

NCT02709421

     

腹腔镜、胆管镜、扩张导管、T管支架治疗肝左外叶及胆总管结石17例

目的探讨腹腔镜、胆管镜、扩张导管(逐级扩张导管、球囊导管)、T管支架(T形管＋塑料胆管支架,LCDTS)治疗肝左外叶及胆总管结石的应用体会。 方法回顾性分析2002年4月至2017年9月间符合入选标准的17例患者的临床资料。 结果腹腔镜下切除肝左外叶和探查胆总管17例,切除胆囊12例。胆管镜取石、逐级导管扩张左肝管和乳头并留置LCDTS 52.9% (9/17),逐级导管扩张左肝管和推挤左肝管结石出总管切口并留置LCDTS 23.5% (4/17),逐级导管联合球囊导管扩张左肝管并留置LCDTS 11.8%(2/17),因肝内胆管残石和狭窄扩张左肝管并留置LCDTS 11.8% (2/17)。术后残石2例(11.8%),胆汁漏1例(5.9%)。无肠穿孔、胆管穿孔、大出血、急性胰腺炎等并发症,无围手术期再手术和死亡患者。术后总并发症发生率为17.6%(3/17)。 结论只要病例选择合适,LCDTS治疗肝左外叶及胆总管结石是可行、有效和安全的。     

经皮内镜腰神经根减压术后疼痛症状改善进展的研究

目的观察评估经皮脊柱内镜腰神经根减压术(PELD)术后腰腿疼痛症状的早期改善进展。 方法对解放军总医院2015年1月至2016年1月连续93例中84例PELD治疗腰背痛及神经根性疼痛症状的患者,前瞻性记录术后12周(各1周1次)的腰背痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)和下肢痛VAS,观察评估两种疼痛症状的改善进展并比较两者的改善度,用术后12周时腰背痛及下肢痛VAS、功能障碍指数评分(ODI)和改良MacNab疗效评定标准评价手术疗效。 结果腰背痛症状术后VAS评分相邻两周间比较,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);下肢痛症状术后VAS评分的术后2周与术后1周比较[(2.96 ± 1.97)分 vs (2.10 ± 1.29)分]、术后4周与术后3周比较[(2.04 ± 1.62)分 vs (2.46 ± 1.97)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);余下相邻两周间比较,差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05);下肢痛术后12周VAS改善度与腰背痛VAS改善度比较[(6.64 ± 1.47)分 vs (3.36 ± 1.38)分],差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);术后12周时ODI、腰背痛VAS、下肢痛VAS均较术前显著降低[(12.82 ± 6.39)分 vs (53.64 ± 11.73)分、(1.16 ± 1.06)分 vs (4.52 ± 0.65)分、(1.29 ± 1.30)分 vs (7.93 ± 0.81)分],改良MacNab疗效评定标准评价优良率为86%。 结论PELD术后早期12周,腰背痛的症状改善平稳,下肢痛的症状改善在术后2周、术后3周出现波动,下肢痛症状比腰背痛症状改善更快,手术疗效显著。     

果胶酶治疗胃石症的临床研究

目的 探讨胃石症的发病机制。分析和总结果胶酶治疗胃石症的疗效。方法 在体外将山楂，柿子嚼碎后置入新鲜胃液，分为加白酒和不加白酒两组后放入37℃恒温箱内，观察胃石形成的经过及时间，再分别加入果胶酶，观察其解聚过程及时间，对54例胃石症患服用果胶酶治疗并观察疗效。结果 加白酒组形成胃石的速度较快，果胶酶能有效溶解胃石。54例患服用果胶酶6h后吞钡透视见胃石完全消失，症状，体征完全缓解。结论 果胶酶能有效溶解胃石。是治疗胃石症的有效方法。     

隐动脉筋膜蒂的交腿皮瓣修复小腿严重软组织缺损

目的探讨一种小腿严重软组织缺损的修复方法。方法以健侧隐动脉为蒂的顺行或逆行交腿皮瓣修复患侧小腿软组织缺损。结果本组8例均有效地覆盖受区创面,随访三个月,皮瓣全部成活。结论该皮瓣不牺牲小腿的重要血管,质地与受区相似,方法简单易行,血运可靠,血管蒂长,是修复小腿严重软组织缺损的较好方法。     

腹腔镜胆总管切开应用开腹器械取石方法的探讨

目的　探讨腹腔镜胆总管切开取石术中用开腹器械取石的可行性。　方法　胆总管结石 73例随机分为两组。实验组 :腹腔镜下采用开腹器械镜下取石。对照组 :腹腔镜下经胆道镜取石网取石。比较两组间的结石除净率、手术时间、住院总费用及并发症。　结果　实验组结石除净率为 94 4 % (34/ 36 ) ,对照组为 94 6 % (35 / 37) (χ2 =0 0 0 0 ,P =1 0 0 0 ) ,两组无差异 ;手术时间实验组为 (1 5 0 9± 2 6 8)min ,低于对照组的 (1 72 3± 2 8 6 )min(t=3 2 97,P =0 0 0 2 ) ;住院总费用实验组为 (4 4 0 0±1 1 0 0 )元 ,低于对照组的 (5 0 0 0± 1 30 0 )元 (t=2 1 2 6 ,P =0 0 37)。两组均无严重的手术并发症。　结论　腹腔镜下采用开腹器械和胆道镜取石都是安全、可靠的 ,采用开腹器械取石费用低 ,手术时间短。     

原发性肝癌切除术后行肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗的疗效观察

目的探究原发性肝癌切除术后行肝动脉化疗栓塞术（TACE）治疗的效果。 方法回顾性分析梧州市红十字会医院2006年1月至2015年12月接受原发性肝癌切除术的513例患者临床资料,其中343例术后接受TACE治疗作为研究组,170例术后未接受TACE治疗作为对照组。对比两组患者术后TACE的治疗效果,并随访观察两组患者化疗前后肝功能情况。 结果两组患者的基础资料相比差异无统计学意义。研究组随访12~36个月,复发率为33.82%（116/343）;对照组随访12~32个月,复发率为43.53%（74/170）,两组差异具有统计学意义（χ²=4.596,P=0.032）;研究组的无瘤生存率高于对照组（66.76% vs 47.65%,χ²=17.371,P<0.01）,无瘤生存时间长于对照组[（20.27±5.49）个月vs（13.34±5.06）个月,t=13.806,P<0.001]。同组相比,研究组治疗后的肝功能指标AST、ALT、TBIL和ALB均明显低于治疗前,对照组治疗后仅较治疗前ALB降低（均P<0.05）。组间相比,治疗后研究组AST、TBIL和ALB三项指标水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（t=7.754,P<0.001;t=2.252,P=0.025;t=13.345,P<0.001）。研究组的并发症发生率为46.94%,对照组未见类似并发症。 结论原发性肝癌患者切除术后行TACE治疗,能有效提升患者的治疗效果和预后情况,但会进一步加重对患者肝功能的损伤,增加患者并发症的发生率,应引起临床重视。     

腹腔镜入路在复发性肝癌手术中的应用

正四川大学华西医院最近做了一些关于复发性肝癌患者使用腹腔镜手术治疗的初步探讨。肝细胞癌,手术切除是最佳治疗方案。肝癌术后患者,5年复发率高达77%～100%。复发的肝癌,理论上可以参照首次治疗的方式,可以再做肝切除、肝移植、射频和经肝动脉栓塞化疗等。相对于射频消融,再次切除对于一些相对危险的位置,以及在明确诊断方面,仍然有一定的优势。目前,四川大学华西医院的开腹肝脏手术最常     

The role of costotransverse radical debridement,fusion and postural drainage in the surgical treatment of multisegmental thoracic spinal tuberculosis: a minimum 5-year follow-up

Purpose

We present a retrospective study of patients with multilevel contiguous tuberculous spondylitis of thoracic region that underwent single-stage posterolateral debridement and fusion and following posterior instrumentation.

Methods

From June 2000 to March 2009, 870 consecutive spinal tubercular patients including 36 patients who were diagnosed and treated as multilevel contiguous thoracic spinal tuberculosis in our institution. Apart from five patients being treated conservatively, the 31 cases received surgery by single-stage posterolateral debridement, fusion, following posterior instrumentation and postural drainage. The patients were evaluated based on the Frankel scoring system, kyphotic Cobb angle, and visual analog scale (VAS) pain score.

Results

The mean duration of postoperative follow-up was 79.2 ± 9.9 months (range 62–98 months). Neither mortalities nor any major complications were found. Solid bony fusion was achieved in all patients. No patients with neurological deficit deteriorated postoperatively. According to Frankel scoring system, 7 cases were rated as Grade D, 24 cases as Grade E at last follow-up. The average preoperative Cobb’s angle was 32° (range 21°–39°). The average early postoperative Cobb’s angle was 23° (range 15°–32°). The mean latest postoperative Cobb’s angle was 26° (range 20°–32°), with a small loss of correction at last follow-up. Pre-op VAS was 8.8 ± 0.7 (range 7–10) and final follow-up was 1.8 ± 1.1. There was a significant difference of VAS between preoperation and the final follow-up.

Conclusions

One-stage surgical treatment for multilevel contiguous spinal tuberculosis by posterolateral debridement, fusion, posterior instrumentation can be an effective and feasible treatment method.

     

MR imaging for blunt pancreatic injury

Objective

To study the MR imaging features of blunt pancreatic injury.

Materials and methods

Nine patients with pancreatic injury related to blunt abdominal trauma confirmed by surgery performed MR imaging. Two abdominal radiologists conducted a review of the MR images to assess pancreatic parenchymal and pancreatic duct injury, and associated complications.

Result

Diagnostic quality MR images were obtained in each of the nine patients. In the nine patients, pancreatic fracture, laceration and contusion were depicted on MR imaging in five, one and three patients, respectively. There were six patients with pancreatic duct disruption, eight patients with peripancreatic fluid collections, and four patients with peripancreatic pseudocyst or hematoma, respectively. All of the MR imaging findings was corresponded to surgical findings.

Conclusion

MR imaging is an effective method to detect blunt pancreatic injury and may provide information to guide management decisions.