喉全切除发音重建术远期疗效分析

One hundred and twenty-five patients received voice rehabilitation operations following total laryngectomy over the period from August 1977 to December 1994. Among them, 119 were male and 6 were female, the eldest was 70 years old and the youngest 30 years old, and the average age was 55.3 years. Clinical staging was as follows: stage II, 2 cases; stage III, 45 cases; stage IV, 66 cases; and recurrence, 12 cases. The voice rehabilitation operations included pharynx-trachea anastomosis 18 cases and trachea-esophagus fistulization 107 cases. One hundred and fourteen patients were followed-up for 13 months to 18 years. The 3, 5, and 10 year survival rates were 78.2%, 61.4%, and 40.5% respectively. The effective rates of voice rehabilitation according to hearing voice distance were 84.6%, 81.1%, and 67.5% 3 weeks, 1 year, and 5 years respectively after operation. The causes of failure were closure of fistula 15 cases; food aspiration 8 cases and unknown 3 cases. The clinical value, advantages and disadvantages of voice rehabilitation, and the time to evaluate the effect of voice rehabilitation were discussed.     

p16与C—myc在喉鳞状细胞癌中的表达意义

目的：研究p16和C－myc在喉鳞状细胞癌中的表达意义。方法：应从p16和C－myc单克隆抗体，通过免疫组织化学法检测6例正常喉粘膜和47例喉鳞癌中p16和C－myc的表达。结果：6例正常喉粘膜组织中未发现p16和C－myc蛋白阳性表达，47例喉鳞癌中p16和C－myc阳性表达率分别为48．9％（23／47）和57.4％（27／47），与性别、年龄和肿瘤发生的部位无相关性（P＞0．05），与临床分期和病理分级相关（P＜0．05）；C－myc还与颈淋巴结转移相关（P＜0．05）。结论：p16和C-myc蛋白阳性表达在喉鳞癌的发生和发展中起重要作用，可作为评价喉鳞癌预后的新指标。     

鼻咽结核22例报告

报告鼻咽结核22例，5例合并肺结核，16例合并颈淋巴结核。临床诊断注意与鼻咽癌鉴别。颈淋巴结FNA细胞学检查与PCR检测有助于诊断，确诊需病理学检查。全身抗痨治疗，同时应用5％链霉素局部灌洗，可显著提高疗效，缩短病程。对合并巨大的或全身用药不敏感的结核性颈淋巴结炎采取手术切除效果良好。     

电化学治疗转移性体表肿瘤疗效分析

1994年7月至1995年8月采用电化学治疗转移性体表肿瘤53例，其中颜面部2例，颈部32例，胸壁4例，腋窝6例，腰骶部1例，腹股沟8例。总有效率达92％。临床实践表明：电化学治疗体表肿瘤操作方便，安全有效，疗程短，损伤小，无任何并发症，尤其是对应用其他疗法无效的体表肿瘤仍有效。     

耳穴贴压治脑震荡后遗症20例

脑震荡患者在恢复期或伤后3个月内，头部仍有胀痛，搏动性疼痛，或有紧缩感，脑力劳动后多加重，常伴有头昏、脑晕、耳鸣、记忆力减退、失眠及植物神经功能紊乱等症状，为脑震荡后遗症。祖国医学认为，头为清阳之会，五脏精华之血、六腑清阳之气均上注于头。若头部受外伤则阻滞气血之运行，脑失其养或清阳遏阻则可出现上述症状。笔者近两年来用王不留行籽耳穴贴压治疗脑震荡后遗症20例，疗效满意，现报告如下。     

Effects of Electroacupuncture on the Number of NK-1R／IL-1β Double Labeled Immunofluorescent Positive Cells in th_e Epidermal and Subcutaneous Tissue Around the Ankle Joint of Adjuvant Monoarthritis in Rats

Adjuvant monoarthritis was induced by the injection of 50μl Complete Freund‘s Adjuvant（CFA) into ankle joint of adult SD rats. Electroacupuncture (EA)was performed on Huantiao (GB30)and Yanglingquan (GB 34) (0.5-1.5 v, 4-16 Hz, 30 min) after the injection.     

Expression of zinc-positive cells and terminals in fetal neocortical homografts to adult rat depends on lesion type and rearing conditions

Zinc-positive neurons and terminals, known to be associated with the glutamatergic projections in the brain, can be demonstrated by the histochemical Timm method and later modifications thereof. The adult rat neocortex contain a uniform lamination of zinc-positive cells with specific projections to, e.g., the striatum. We have previously reported that fetal neocortical grafts implanted in the adult rat neocortex combined with rearing in an enriched environment can improve behavioral functions and reduce the secondary atrophy of thalamus after cortex infarction in adult rats. In order to examine whether the expression of zinc positivity is ontogenetically inherent to neocortical neurons we grafted fetal neocortical tissue to aspiration or ischemic lesions of the frontoparietal neocortex of adult rats, followed by histochemical visualization of the vesicular zinc pool by selenite or sulfide. One further aim of the study was to elucidate to what extent the distribution of zinc-containing neurons and terminals in the grafts depended on rearing under different environmental conditions. The foremost finding of the present study was that the overall density of zinc-containing terminals in fetal cortical transplants placed in brain infarcts of adult spontaneously hypertensive rats is higher when the rats are reared in an enriched environment. Moreover, the presence and expression of zinc-positive neurons and terminals do not seem to be ontogenetically inherent to the cortical neurons as the fetal neocortical grafts placed in aspiration lesions contained no zinc-selenide-positive neurons and few or no zinc-selenide-positive terminals. The presence or expression of zinc-positive cells may thus be induced by ingrowth of fibers and terminals from the host brain as transplants placed in the ischemic lesions expressed both zinc-positive neurons and terminals.     

鼻腔鼻窦鳞状细胞癌中细胞质凋亡抑制蛋白2和半胱氨酸蛋白水解酶4的表达

OBJECTIVE: To examine the expression of apoptosis-related genes c-IAP2 and caspase-4 in sinonasal squamous carcinoma. To investigate the role and mechanism of the two apoptosis-related genes in nasal cavity and sinus squamons carcinoma. METHODS: Forty-one pathologically confirmed specimens of nasal cavity and sinus squamons carcinoma were subjected for immunohistochemical staining to analyze the expression of c-IAP2 and caspase-4, in addition 10 normal nasal mucosa were used as control. RESULTS: The positive rate of c-IAP2 in sinonasal squamons carcinoma was 87.8%, among which 14 cases were strongly stained(+ + +), 15 cases were stained(+ +), 7 cases were stained (+), only 5 cases were negative. In 10 normal control tissues, no case was stained(+ + +), 2 cases were stained (+ +), 3 cases were stained(+), the other 5 cases were negative. Higher level expression of c-IAP2 protein was detected more often in squamons carcinoma specimens than that in normal nasal mucosa. There was statistically significant difference between the two groups for the staining(P < 0.05). The expression of c-IAP2 was not correlated with clinical staging (P > 0.05), but there were positive correlation with clinical prognosis (P < 0.01) and pathological classification (P < 0.01); The positive rate of caspase-4 in nasal cavity and sinus squamons carcinoma was 58.5%, among which 4 cases were strongly stained (+ + +), 7 cases were stained (+ +), 13 case was stained(+), 17 cases were negative. The expression of caspase-4 protein was more deletion in squamons carcinoma specimens than that in control group, there was statistically significant difference between the two groups for the staining (P < 0.05). The expression of caspase-4 protein was negatively correlated with clinical prognosis (P < 0.01) and pathological classification ( P < 0.01), not correlated with clinical staging(P > 0.05). The expression of c-IAP2 was negativelly correlated with the experssion of caspase-4. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicates that in sinonasal squamous carcinoma, c-IAP2 is activated, while caspase-4 is restrained, the signal transduction pathway of apoptosis is arrested, leading to surviving of tumor cells, this maybe directly associated with the development of sinonasal squamons carcinoma, and with the failure of tumor trentment.     

儿童频繁性眨眼101例的矫治效果

目的:观察分析综合疗法矫治儿童频繁眨眼的疗效。方法:采用心理疗法、药物、手术等去除病因后,均给以针灸等综合疗法,治疗频繁眨眼患儿101例(202眼)。结果:在去除病因后均在心理治疗的诱导下,针刺新明II、攒竹、四白穴,针刺2次频繁眨眼症状消失者68例(67.3%),5次治愈者31例(30.6%),10次治愈者2例(1.4%)。结论:综合疗法是矫治儿童频繁眨眼的有效方法。