美罗华联合化疗治疗B细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤25例

目的本研究旨在观察美罗华联合化疗治疗B细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤的疗效和毒副反应。方法我科从2003年8月至2007年2月共有25例经病理确诊的CD20阳性B细胞型非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者接受美罗华联合化疗,中位疗程数为4（2～6）。化疗方案包括CHOP、ProMACE／cytaBOM、FMD、FC、COP、COPP、DVAE。结果25例中完全缓解（CR）16例（64．0％）;部分缓解（PR）8例（32．0％）;总有效（OR）率为96．0％。治疗后随访期3～44个月,中位缓解期32个月,4例存活3个月以上,1例因肿瘤晚期进展死亡,其余20例存活8个月以上（80％）,最长已存活45个月。主要毒副反应为骨髓抑制,22例出现白细胞减少,其中Ⅲ～Ⅳ度6例;其它毒副反应包括Ⅰ～Ⅱ度恶心呕吐、轻度脱发和肝功能受损等。美罗华输注相关毒副反应主要有Ⅰ～Ⅱ度寒战和发热、皮疹、诱发哮喘、间质性肺炎、低免疫球蛋白血症等,经对症治疗后均得到缓解。结论美罗华联合化疗治疗B细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤具有良好的临床疗效且毒副反应较小。     

过敏性鼻炎患者血液嗜酸性粒细胞FcεRI和CD63表达研究

目的：检测过敏性鼻炎（allergic rhinitis,AR）患者外周血嗜酸性粒细胞FcεRI和CD63的表达。方法：收集AR患者和健康人（healthy controls,HCs）的外周血,用蒿草花粉和尘螨过敏原粗提液刺激,流式细胞仪检测嗜酸性粒细胞富集群中FcεRI和CD63的表达情况。结果：静息状态下,AR患者[0.92%（0.70%~1.64%）]相比于HCs[0.71%（0.43%~0.97%）]嗜酸性粒细胞比例上调（Z=-2.050,P=0.041）;AR患者[6.19%（3.05%,8.19%）;1 462（1 164,1 720）]FcεRI+嗜酸性粒细胞的比例和平均荧光强度（mean fluorescence intensity,MFI）比HCs[3.16%（1.55%,4.53%）;808（524,1308）]增加（Z=-2.102,P=0.036）;AR患者[2 031 （1 725,3 338）]CD63+嗜酸性粒细胞的MFI比HCs[1 491（1 297,1 613）]升高36%（Z=-3.192,P=0.002）。0.1 μg/mL蒿草过敏原粗提液[2 618（2 131,3 315）]和1.0 μg/mL蒿草过敏原粗提液[3 108（2 317,3 792）]能诱导AR患者CD63+嗜酸性粒细胞的MFI上调（Z=-2.667,P=0.008;Z=-2.845,P=0.004）。结论：嗜酸性粒细胞表达的FcεRI和CD63参与AR发病。过敏原特异性嗜酸性粒细胞激发试验检测CD63的表达,可能成为AR诊断的补充实验。     

Improved Insulation Properties of Polypropylenes in HVDC Cables Using Aqueous Suspension Grafting

Owing to its lack of crosslinking, polypropylene (PP) is considered an environmentally friendly alternative to crosslinked polyethylene as high-voltage direct current (HVDC) cable insulation. However, pure PP can accumulate space charges under a HVDC, and thus must be modified for use as an insulating material for HVDC cables. In this study, 4-methylstyrene is grafted onto PP using an aqueous suspension grafting method to improve its properties. The effects of the swelling time, reaction time, and 4-methylphenylene concentration on the reaction were investigated. The optimum process conditions were determined, including an optimum grafting ratio of 0.97%. The volume resistivity, ability to suppress space-charge accumulation, and DC breakdown strength of modified PP were also studied. Modified PP with a grafting ratio of 0.88% showed optimal space-charge suppression and the highest volume resistivity and breakdown strength. The work will facilitate the design and development of more efficient insulation materials for HVDC cables.     

Re-Entry Evaluation of Chinese Blood Donors with Unconfirmed Hepatitis B Screening Results

The hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a high priority for Chinese blood banks due to the high prevalence of infection. HBV blood safety has been significantly improved by the implementation of highly sensitive and specific serological and molecular HBV screening assays. The multiplication of viral markers tested and the ever-increasing analytical sensitivity of the tests can make the interpretation of the results difficult. False-positive or indeterminate results may lead to permanent donor deferrals and conflicts between donors and blood banks. To avoid blood shortages, blood services aim to limit unnecessary donor losses by developing procedures for the re-entry of donors temporarily deferred due to an unconfirmed HBV reactivity. The development of such procedures based on donor follow-up and HBV confirmation remains limited. A review of the scarce data available revealed considerable heterogeneity in testing methods and re-entry algorithms, limited validation studies, and a lack of accurate assessment of the residual infectious risk potentially associated with donor re-entry. In conclusion, systematic and widely validated confirmatory testing and prolonged follow-up are essential for safe re-entry of temporary deferred donors. Standardization of HBV testing methods and the establishment of dedicated expert laboratories are needed because of the complexity of HBV infection in blood donors.     

Safety and effectiveness of apatinib in elderly patients with metastatic gastric cancer: a sub-analysis from the large-scale,prospective observational study of apatinib for gastric cancer treatment in a real-world clinical setting (AHEAD-G202)

BackgroundApatinib was shown to improve the survival of Chinese patients with refractory metastatic gastric cancer (mGC). As an orally administered drug, it has been widely used in elderly patients because the dosing schedule can be adjusted flexibly. However, data on the efficacy and safety of apatinib in elderly patients is scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity and effectiveness of apatinib for elderly patients with mGC in a real-world setting.MethodsData from the sub-population of patients who were ≥65 years enrolled in the AHEAD-G202 trial were analyzed. Patients with mGC were prospectively registered and initially received ≤850 mg oral apatinib daily combined or not combined with chemotherapy, at the investigator’s discretion. The primary endpoint was safety. The secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).ResultsA total of 117 patients were included. There were 51 (43.59%) patients in the low-dose (250 mg) group, 60 (51.28%) patients in the mid-dose (425 to 500 mg) group, and 6 (5.13%) patients in the high-dose (850 mg) group according to the initial daily doses. Hypertension (6.84%) was the only grade 3–4 adverse event (AE) with a prevalence of more than 5% and across the low-dose (11.76%), mid-dose (3.33%) and high-dose group (0%). The median OS and PFS were 7.13 months (95% CI: 5.04 to 9.22 months) and 4.27 months (95% CI: 3.24 to 5.29 months), respectively. The OS and PFS were similar among the 65–74 and ≥75 years groups (χ²=1.406, P=0.306; χ²=0.378, P=0.066, respectively). The OS and PFS were also comparable among the 3 dose groups.ConclusionsElderly patients with mGC can tolerate and benefit from apatinib therapy. A lower initial daily dosing strategy may be a suitable choice for elderly patients in clinical practice.     

适形切除保肛术与经括约肌间切除术治疗低位直肠癌的临床疗效

目的:探讨适形切除保肛术（CSPO）与经括约肌间切除术（ISR）治疗低位直肠癌的临床疗效。方法:采用回顾性队列研究方法。收集2011年8月至2020年4月2家医学中心收治的183例（海军军医大学附属长海医院117例、复旦大学附属华山医院66例）低位直肠癌病人的临床病理资料;男110例,女73例;年龄为（57±11）岁。...     

复方阿胶浆联合XELOX方案治疗晚期胃癌的临床观察

目的 观察复方阿胶浆联合奥沙利铂与希罗达（XELOX方案）治疗晚期胃癌的临床疗效及对化疗的增效减毒作用.方法 将60例晚期胃癌患者分为治疗组与对照组,治疗组接受复方阿胶浆联合XELOX方案化疗,对照组仅接受XELOX方案化疗,观察2组临床疗效及不良反应情况.结果 治疗后2组患者症状均改善,治疗组较对照组改善更明显;治疗组与对照组卡氏评分总有效率分别为100%,83%,2组比较有显著性差异（P〈0.05）.治疗组与对照组总有效率分别为17%,10%,2组比较无显著性差异;治疗组的化疗不良反应（白细胞减少、贫血、消化道反应及手足综合征）发生率明显低于对照组（P〈0.05）;治疗组治疗后CD3＋、CD4＋、CD4＋/CD8＋较治疗前及对照组均升高（P均〈0.05）.结论 复方阿胶浆联合XELOX方案化疗治疗晚期胃癌,可提高机体免疫力,减轻化疗不良反应,改善生活质量.     

Flavonoids in myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury: Therapeutic effects and mechanisms

Ischemic heart diseases are one of the major causes of death worldwide. Effective restoration of blood flow can significantly improve patients’ quality of life and reduce mortality. However, reperfusion injury cannot be ignored. Flavonoids possess well-established antioxidant properties;They also have other benefits that may be relevant for ameliorating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI). In this review,we focus on flavonoids with cardiovascular-protection function and emphasize their pharmacological effects. The main mechanisms of flavonoid pharmacological activities against MIRI involve the following aspects: a) antioxidant, b) anti-inflammatory, c) anti-platelet aggregation, d) anti-apoptosis, and e)myocardial-function regulation activities. We also summarized the effectiveness of flavonoids for MIRI.