抗银方治疗寻常型银屑病139例疗效观察

目的:观察自拟抗银方治疗寻常型银屑病的疗效。方法:将195例银屑病随机分为3组,汤剂组煎服抗银方治疗,冲剂组服抗银方颗粒冲剂,对照组口服复方青黛丸。结果:汤剂组、冲剂组和对照组的总有效率分别是94.3％、92.3％和78.6%,汤剂组、冲剂组疗效均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:抗银方治疗寻常型银屑病疗效显著,有应用价值。     

挑刺阳性反应点治疗腰椎骨质增生38例

试用三棱针挑刺腰部阳性反应点,治疗腰椎骨质增生38例,结果有效率100%,具有疗效好,费用低,疗程短,应用方便的特点.     

十二指肠肿瘤的诊断及手术方法的探讨--附12例临床分析

手术治疗十二指肠肿瘤患者 12例 ,术前分别行B超、螺旋CT、钡剂造影、内镜检查 ;术中行常规冷冻病理切片检查 ;确诊良性肿瘤 8例 ,恶性 4例。除降部 3例恶性肿瘤行传统胰十二指肠切除术外 ,其余病例行十二指肠节段性切除。结果 :B超、钡剂造影、螺旋CT、内镜检出率分别为 5 / 7、81 8% ( 9/ 11)、8/ 9及 83 3 % ( 10 / 12 ) ;十二指肠节段切除手术平均时间 2 5h ( 1 5～ 4h) ,胰十二指肠切除术平均 5 5h( 4 5～ 6 5h)。所有病例术后恢复良好 ,无手术并发症出现。平均住院时间 18d( 12～ 2 3d)。随访时间 3 0 ( 3～ 48)个月 ,无肿瘤复发。回顾分析结果显示 ,螺旋CT在诊断十二指肠肿瘤方面具有优势 ,十二指肠降段及水平段良性或低度恶性肿瘤行十二指肠节段切除安全简便 ,切实可行     

Conformal index and radiotherapy]

Goal of radiotherapy is to treat patient with the best therapeutic ratio, i.e. the highest local control and the lowest toxicity rates. The conformal approach, three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy or intensity-modulated radiotherapy, is based on imageries, up-dated 3-D treatment planning systems, immobilization systems, restricted quality assurance and treatment verification. The aim is to ensure a high dose distribution tailored to the limits of the target volume, while reducing exposure of normal tissues. The evaluation tools used for optimizing treatment are the visual inspection of the dose distribution in various planes, and the dose-volume histograms, but they do not fully quantify the conformity of dose distributions. The conformal index is a tool for scoring a given plan or for evaluating different treatment plans for the same patient. This paper describes the onset and evolution of conformal index and his potential application field.     

Gardner综合征之软组织肿瘤的追踪观察与研究

目的：分析研究Gardner综合征一家系12例患者的软组织肿瘤的自然演变过程与结肠息肉癌变之间的关系。方法：自1989年3月至1998年10月对一家系12例Gardner综合征患者进行了长期追踪观察，采用人体体表摄影，X线平片照像，消化道气钡双对比造影，纤维结肠镜及手术切除，10年中每年观察1-2次，重点患者2次以上。结果：12例均患有软组织肿瘤。活检证实；硬纤维瘤4例。皮脂腺囊肿2例。脂肪瘤2例。神经纤维瘤2例。混合性肿瘤2例。在结肠息肉癌变的5例患者中软组织肿瘤均有不同程度的变化。表现为突然增大，增多，表面发生溃破等。结论：软组织肿瘤的突然增大增多与结肠息肉癌变有密切关系。     

胸水中CEA CYFRA21-1 NSE和LDH对肺癌的临床诊断

目的:探讨CEA、CYFRA21-1、NSE、LDH水平对癌性胸水的诊断价值。方法:采用电化学发光方法检测胸水中的CEA、CYFRA21-1和NSE,采用酶法检测LDH。结果:恶性胸水的CEA、CYFRA21-1、NSE、LDH水平明显高于良性胸水(P<0.01),肺腺癌CEA明显高于鳞癌和小细胞肺癌(P<0.01),肺鳞癌CYFRA21-1水平明显高于腺癌(P<0.05)和小细胞肺癌(P<0.01),小细胞肺癌NSE明显高于鳞癌(P<0.01)。4项标志物联合检测的敏感性、准确性均比单项检测高。结论:联合检测胸水中的CEA、CYFRA21-1、NSE和LDH对肺癌的诊断具有重要的临床意义。     

Family history of autoimmune thyroid disease and childhood acute leukemia.

The association between a familial history of autoimmune disease and childhood acute leukemia was investigated in a French case-control study that, overall, was designed to assess the role of perinatal, infectious, environmental, and genetic factors in the etiology of childhood acute leukemia. Familial histories of autoimmune disease in first- and second-degree relatives were compared in 279 incident cases, 240 cases of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and 39 cases of acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL), and 285 controls. Recruitment was frequency matched by age, gender, hospital, and ethnic origin. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated using an unconditional regression model taking into account the stratification variables, socioeconomic status, and familial structure. A statistically significant association between a history of autoimmune disease in first- or second-degree relatives and ALL (OR, 1.7; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.0-2.8) was found. A relationship between thyroid diseases overall and ALL (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.0-3.9) was observed. This association was more pronounced for potentially autoimmune thyroid diseases (Grave's disease and/or hyperthyroidism and Hashimoto's disease and/or hypothyroidism) (OR, 3.5; 95% CI, 1.1-10.7 and OR, 5.6; 95% CI, 1.0-31.1, respectively for ALL and ANLL), whereas it was not statistically significant for the other thyroid diseases (thyroid goiter, thyroid nodule, and unspecified thyroid disorders) (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 0.7-3.5 and OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 0.2-7.0, respectively, for ALL and ANLL). The results suggest that a familial history of autoimmune thyroid disease may be associated with childhood acute leukemia.     

卫生技术干部全面量化考核方法的研究

在卫生技术干部人才管理过程中,研究制定出一套全面量化考核标准和考核方法。考核内容分学历、任职年限、政治思想表现、业务技术水平、创新能力、科研(医疗)成果、专业论文发表和外语水平八大项。对每项内容制定了考核标准的隶属度,并根据考核内容的权重大小,定出每项内容的分配系数。采取述职、考查、测评、答辩等形式进行考核,然后运用综合分析方法,对卫生技术干部作出“优秀、称职、基本职称、不称职”的评价。     

全国护士执业考试现状与发展方向

根据《中华人民共和国护士管理办法》的规定,卫生部在1994年试点的基础上建立了全国护士执业考试、执业注册管理制度。考试由卫生部国家医学考试中心组织实施。文章就考试现状等作一介绍,并研究探讨今后考试的发展方向。