2型糖尿病血栓前状态的检测及临床意义

目的：探讨2型糖尿病患血栓前状态变化与血栓形成的关系及机理。方法：对96例2型糖尿病患测定6项能反映血栓前状态的分子标志物。结果：与正常对照组比较，各组糖尿病患血栓前状态指标均发生不同程度的变化。血浆vWF：Ag、血浆GMP—140、D—二聚体水平较正常明显升高，t—PA活性下降。结论：糖尿病患存在着血栓前状态及不同程度的血栓形成，血栓前状态指标的检测有助于判断糖尿病的病情及血管病变的程度。     

Galectin-3在甲状腺乳头状癌中的表达及意义

目的：比较galectin-3（Gal-3）在甲状腺乳头状癌和甲状腺良性病变中的表达差异，明确其临床意义。方法：采用免疫组化EnVision二步法检测214例甲状腺手术标本中Gal-3蛋白的表达情况。结果：甲状腺乳头状癌Gal-3蛋白表达阳性率为92．6％，显著高于结节性甲状腺肿（28．1％）、腺瘤（41．8％）及甲状腺炎（12．9％）。结论：Gal-3蛋白在甲状腺乳头状癌中的表达显著高于甲状腺良性病变，可作为甲状腺乳头状癌诊断的特异指标。     

正畸治疗中不同治疗时间对支抗牙根吸收影响的临床研究

目的 :探讨不同的治疗时间在正畸治疗中对支抗牙根吸收的影响。方法 :选用 160例经方丝弓矫治器固定矫治治疗的病人 ,分为长期组和短期组两组 ,每组病人治疗前后分别拍摄头颅侧位定位片 ,配对测量正畸治疗前后支抗牙根长度 ,将牙根长度改变量进行统计分析 ,并评价牙根吸收情况。结果 :长期组和短期组正畸治疗前后支抗牙根长度改变有统计学意义 (P <0 0 0 1)。但两组之间不同的吸收量除了上前牙支抗组有统计学意义 (P <0 1)外 ,其余各组均没有统计学意义 (P >0 0 5 )。结论 :在正畸治疗中不同治疗时间对前后支抗牙根吸收的影响有一定的差异     

甘草次酸衍生物抗肝纤维化的实验研究

目的探讨甘草次酸衍生物(TY501)对四氯化碳(CCl_4)致小鼠肝纤维化的保护作用及其机制。方法采用经典CCl_4造模法建立小鼠肝纤维化模型,给予高、中、低剂量(45、15、5 mg/kg)TY501干预治疗,用秋水仙碱(0.36 mg/kg)作阳性对照。给药30 d后,检测各组小鼠肝功能指标、肝纤维化指标、肝组织羟脯氨酸(Hyp)和转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)的量,并取其肝组织进行病理学染色。结果与模型组相比,TY501各治疗组肝功能指标(ALT、AST、ALP、ALB)、肝纤维化指标(HA、LN、PCIII、CIV)及肝组织Hyp、TGF-β1的量均有不同程度改善,其中高剂量组改善作用最为明显(P0.05、0.01);肝组织病理学切片显示,给药组小鼠肝纤维化程度降低,有逆转趋势。结论 TY501对CCl_4造成的肝纤维化有明显的保护作用。     

丹参胶囊在欧盟药品注册中的可读性测试研究和实践

药品说明书是载明药品信息的法定文件,对指导公众合理用药起着至关重要的作用。在欧美药品的申报体系和指南中,均要求申请者在药品上市前必须完成药品说明书可读性测试研究,以保证说明书内容通俗易懂,指导公众合理安全用药,避免用药不当可能导致的风险。由于审评理念和标准的差距,目前中国在新药评审的过程中缺乏药品说明书可读性测试研究的要求、法规和指南。以国内申报欧盟成功的品种丹参胶囊注册上市实践为案例,分析欧盟对于药品说明书可读性测试研究的要求,以期为我国建立和实施药品说明书可读性研究的管理思路提供借鉴和参考。     

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??OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of methyl jasmonic acid(MeJA), arachidonic acid(AA) and acetylsalicylic acid(ASA) on fucoxanthin production and PtZDS gene expression in Phaeodactylum tricornutum.METHODS The full length cDNA of PtZDS gene in P. tricornutum was obtained by HiSeq^TM Illumina 2000 and bioinformatics analysis. HPLC was used to determine the production of fucoxanthin in Phaeodactylum tricornutum, and RT-PCR was used to determine the expression level of PtZDS.RESULTS The total length of PtZDS gene was 1 905 bp, containing an open reading frame of 1 776 bp encoding 591 amino acids.The deduced amino acid sequence analysis showed that PtZDS protein contained a typical amino oxidase domain, NAD(P)-binding Rossmann-like domain and a chloroplastic transit peptide sequence.The phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that PtZDS was homologous with Thalassiosira pseudonana CCMP1335(76%). Under the treatment of 0.1 mg·L^-1 AA, 25 mg·L^-1 ASA and 100 μmol·L^-1 MeJA, the highest yield of unit cell fucoxanthin content was achieved.Upon the observation of PtZDS regulation expression, the expression level of PtZDS reached a peak value under the treatment of 0.1 mg·L^-1 AA, 50 μmol·L^-1 MeJA and 10 mg·L^-1 ASA.CONCLUSION The expression of PtZDS gene has certain relationship with the fucoxanthin synthesis of P. tricornutum. Under the treatment of 100 μmol·L^-1 MeJA, the ability of synthetic fucoxanthinis the strongest in P. tricornutum.     

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??OBJECTIVE To study the impurity profile of cefradine dihydrate. METHODS The impurity peaks of cefradine dihydrate were identified using column-switching technique and LC-MS, and the origination of the impurities were investigated by the forced degradation study.RESULTS The impurity profile of cefradine dihydrate included fourteen impurities, nine of them were structure known impurities controlled by EP, two of them were newly identified impurities and three of them were structure unknown impurities.CONCLUSION The origination and influence factors of the impurities are investigated though the impurity profile study of cefradine dihydrate, and it can provide reference for the quality control of cefradine dihydrate.     

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??OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of different bio-adhesive materials on in vitro adhesion and retention in artificial gastric acid fluid of Panax notoginseng saponins(PNS) bio-adhesive pellets.METHODS PNS bio-adhesive pellets were prepared with different bio-adhesive materials.The in vitro adhesion of PNS bio-adhesive pellets was determined by the tissue retention method, using HPLC method to determine the contents of PNS(including notoginseng saponins R₁, ginseng saponin Rg1 and ginseng saponin Rb₁) retained in the pellets after a certain period of time in artificial gastric acid fluid.RESULTS The contents of PNS retained in PNS bio-adhesive pellets prepared with chitosan and chitosan-carbomer after being placed in artificial gastric acid fluid for 2 h were the largest, which were (27.60??7.45)% and (19.80??3.55)% for R1, (27.01??5.49)% and (19.67??1.39)% for Rg₁ and (47.07??6.26)% and (51.08??7.44)% for Rb₁, respectively.For in vitro adhesion, HPMC and HPMC-carbomer combination was the best, followed by chitosan and chitosan-carbomer combination.CONCLUSION PNS bio-adhesive pellets prepared with chitosan and chitosan-carbomer combination bio-adhesive materials can protect PNS from degradation in artificial gastric acid fluid and have good adhesion property.     

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??OBJECTIVE To proteins in toad venom. To investigate the by proteomic approach. METHODS The total proteins from the ear-side gland of toad were digested by trypsin, and the peptides were further analyzed by the NanoLC-linear trap quadropole (LTQ)-Orbitrap Velos Pro.. The raw data acquired by mass spectrometer were imported into MaxQuant software for the identification of peptides and proteins. The proteins were categorized based on gene ontology annotation in biological process, cellular component and molecular function. RESULTS A total of 407 protein groups and 880 peptides were identified. There were 76 pathways associated with the identified proteins in toad venom, including the 5-HT receptor mediated signaling pathway, beta adrenergic receptor signaling pathway, blood coagulation, cadherin signaling pathway, cholesterol biosynthesis, etc.. CONCLUSION This study lays the foundation for further exploration of the proteins in toad venom and their functions.     

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??OBJECTIVE To study the influence of bioavailability of Epimedium flavonoids after processing by suet oil. METHODS Pharmacokinetics parameters of rats Epimedium flavonoids and icariin and baohuoside ?? was determining by the method of pharmacology effect and plasma concentration method. RESULTS The concentration of the Epimedium flavonoids, icariin and baohuoside ?? in micelles groups were higher than that of the active pharmaceutical ingredient(API). ??_max were increased by 77.94%, 38.99% and 49.90%; AUC_0-t increased by 95.19%, 37.76% and 43.49%; AUC_0-?? increased by 119.35%, 35.37% and 46.26% on Epimedium flavonoids, icariin and baohuoside ?? group. CONCLUSION Suet oil improved the bioavailability of Epimedium flavonoids and promoted its absorption.