骨骼形态计算机测量和经典方法的比较

目的减少下颌骨形态测量的偶然性误差,提高测量精度.方法对比经典方法与计算机自动读取下颌骨各个测量点的测量精度和重复性.结果测量精度和重复性大为提高,用经典方法测量最大值为5格,标准差的最大值为1.4,而计算机测量分别为1.0和0.3,经t检验其P值分别为1.008×10-9和1.960×10-10,均小于0.01.结论用计算机测量下颌骨形态其精度和重复性均优于经典方法.     

蠕变局部损伤开裂的有限元模型

建立了蠕变局部损伤法模型,并给出单元进入损伤态的判据和失效的临界拉伸应变条件,局部蠕变损伤理论的实质就是试样是多种不同蠕变性能材料的统一,并由蠕变应力再分布得到证实,应用有限元对双缺口圆试样作了蠕变局部损伤分析,启裂时间和断裂蠕变应变值均与实验结果相吻合。     

益母草中阿魏酸的色谱鉴别

目的：鉴别益母草中是否含阿魏酸,方法：采用薄层色谱法和高效液相色谱法鉴别不同提取溶煤制备的样品,结果：从益母草中能检出阿魏酸。结论：益母草中可能含游离的阿魏酸,以5％Na2CO3溶液替代药典中的甲醇提取,方法简化,稳定性高,重现性好。     

转移生长因子－β对骨髓基质细胞生长影响的实验研究

目的　研究体外培养及转移生长因子-β(TGF-β))对骨髓基质细胞生长的影响。方法　抽取兔骨髓基质细胞体外培养,倒置显微镜动态观察,并在培养液中加入TGF-β。结果　从原代培养细胞(P0)中观察到细胞集落的形态有明显差异,提示骨髓基质细胞是一个由多种细胞组成的混合体。经TGF-β处理的细胞,生长速度明显增快,传30代以上仍能保持较活跃的增殖能力。而未经TGF-β处理的细胞,活跃增殖能力约只能保持10～15代,随后即发生退化。结论　TGF-β能促进骨髓基质细胞增殖并较长期保持其生物活性。     

A comprehensive reconstruction strategy for moderate to severe faciocervical scar contractures

The focus of treatment of faciocervical scar contractures includes cervical reconstruction and elimination of hypertrophic scars. Unfortunately, most previous studies have neglected the esthetic appearance of scars. In this study, we tried to combine surgical therapy and ultrapulse fractional CO₂ laser (UFCL) to eliminate facial scars while restoring neck reconstruction and to establish the optimal conventional management for faciocervical contracture. Thirty-eight individuals were enrolled and divided into two groups. After received cervical release surgeries, comprehensive UFCL therapy group received treatment of UFCL at 3-month intervals, silicone sheets, and pressure garments, while another group only received treatment of silicone sheeting and compression. Twelve months after the termination of therapy, faciocervical scars of both two groups were assessed by two uninvolved physicians according to the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), and patients’ satisfaction survey was also recorded by the study participants using a patient four-point satisfaction scale. Thirty-six patients completed the treatment and follow-up. The results show that the VSS scores of both two groups decreased after 12 months, but comprehensive UFCL therapy group dropped more significantly than the conventional treatment group at follow-up session, which was statistically significant (P?<?0.001), and the patient satisfaction was higher than that of the conventional treatment group. This comprehensive treatment combined of surgery, UFCL, silicone sheets, and pressure garments works as an effective and esthetic reconstruction for moderate to severe postburn faciocervical scar contractures.

     

Smoking Alters Inflammation and Skeletal Stem and Progenitor Cell Activity During Fracture Healing in Different Murine Strains

Smokers are at a higher risk of delayed union or nonunion after fracture repair. Few specific interventions are available for prevention because the molecular mechanisms that result in these negative sequelae are poorly understood. Murine models that mimic fracture healing in smokers are crucial in further understanding the local cellular and molecular alterations during fracture healing caused by smoking. We exposed three murine strains, C57BL/6J, 129X1/SvJ, and BALB/cJ, to cigarette smoke for 3 months before the induction of a midshaft transverse femoral osteotomy. We evaluated fracture healing 4 weeks after the osteotomy using radiography, micro-computed tomography (μCT), and biomechanical testing. Radiographic analysis demonstrated a significant decrease in the fracture healing capacity of smoking 129X1/SvJ mice. μCT results showed delayed remodeling of fracture calluses in all three strains after cigarette smoke exposure. Biomechanical testing indicated the most significant impairment in the functional properties of 129X1/SvJ in comparison with C57BL/6J and BALB/cJ mice after cigarette smoke exposure. Thus, the 129X1/SvJ strain is most suitable in simulating smoking-induced impaired fracture healing. Furthermore, in smoking 129X1/SvJ murine models, we investigated the molecular and cellular alterations in fracture healing caused by cigarette smoking using histology, flow cytometry, and multiplex cytokine/chemokine analysis. Histological analysis showed impaired chondrogenesis in cigarette smoking. In addition, the important reparative cell populations, including skeletal stem cells and their downstream progenitors, demonstrated decreased expansion after injury as a result of cigarette smoking. Moreover, significantly increased pro-inflammatory mediators and the recruitment of immune cells in fracture hematomas were demonstrated in smoking mice. Collectively, our findings demonstrate the significant cellular and molecular alterations during fracture healing impaired by smoking, including disrupted chondrogenesis, aberrant skeletal stem and progenitor cell activity, and a pronounced initial inflammatory response. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).     

督脉敷贴利斯的明透皮贴剂治疗轻中度阿尔茨海默病临床研究

目的：观察督脉敷贴利斯的明透皮贴剂治疗轻中度阿尔茨海默病（AD）的临床疗效。方法：采用随机数字表法将90例轻中度AD患者分为督脉敷贴组、常规敷贴组、多奈哌齐组各30例。多奈哌齐组给予多奈哌齐片治疗,常规敷贴组给予常规敷贴利斯的明透皮贴剂治疗,督脉敷贴组给予督脉敷贴利斯的明透皮贴剂治疗。比较3组治疗前后老年性痴呆认知评定量表（ADAS-Cog）、简易智力状态检查量表（MMSE）、老年性痴呆临床总体印象量表（ADAS-CGIC）、老年性痴呆日常生活活动量表（ADAS-ADL）评分,并记录3组不良反应发生情况。结果：治疗12周、24周后,3组ADAS-CGIC、ADAS-Cog评分均较治疗前降低（P<0.05）,MMSE、ADAS-ADL评分升高（P<0.05）,且督脉敷贴组治疗12周、24周后ADAS-CGIC、ADAS-Cog评分低于常规敷贴组、多奈哌齐组（P<0.05）,MMSE、ADAS-ADL评分高于低于常规敷贴组、多奈哌齐组（P<0.05）。常规敷贴组治疗24周后ADAS-CGIC、ADAS-Cog评分低于多奈哌齐组（P<0.05）,MMSE、ADA...     

加味双柏凝胶贴膏质量研究及安全性考察

目的：建立加味双柏凝胶贴膏中黄柏、冰片、大黄的薄层色谱法（TLC）,对其质量稳定性进行考察,并初步评价加味双柏凝胶贴膏敷贴的用药安全性。方法：通过TLC对加味双柏凝胶贴膏处方中的黄柏、冰片、大黄进行鉴别,采用加速试验、长期试验和影响因素试验考察其稳定性,试验以新西兰兔为模型进行多次皮肤刺激试验,以Hartley豚鼠为模型进行主动皮肤过敏试验和豚鼠Buehler试验,观察凝胶贴膏的皮肤刺激作用和致敏作用。结果：TLC中色谱斑点清晰、特征明显且阴性对照无干扰。3批产品在长期试验和加速试验中均具有较好的稳定性,加味双柏凝胶贴膏对新西兰兔皮肤无刺激性,对豚鼠皮肤无过敏性。结论：建立的TLC可作为加味双柏凝胶贴膏的质量控制方法,加味双柏凝胶贴膏是一种较安全的新型外用制剂且制剂质量稳定可控。     

Protective effect of pinocembrin from Penthorum chinense Pursh on hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury via regulating HMGB1/TLR4 signal pathway

Hepatic ischemia–reperfusion injury (HIRI) is of common occurrence during liver surgery and transplantation. Pinocembrin (PIN) is a kind of flavonoid monomer extracted from the local traditional Chinese medicine Penthorum chinense Pursh (P. chinense). However, the effect of PIN on HIRI has not determined. We investigated the protective effect and potential mechanism of PIN against HIRI. Model mice were subjected to partial liver ischemia for 60 min, experimental mice were pretreated with PIN orally for 7 days, and H₂O₂-induced oxidative damage model in AML12 hepatic cells was established in vitro. Histopathologic analysis and serum biochemical levels revealed that PIN had hepatoprotective activities against HIRI. The variation of GSH, SOD, MDA, and ROS levels indicated that PIN treatments attenuated oxidative stress in tissue. PIN pretreatment obviously ameliorated apoptosis, and restrained the expression of HMGB1 and TLR4 in vivo. In vitro, compared with H₂O₂ group, the contents of ROS, mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptotic cells, and Bcl-2 protein were decreased, while the Bax protein expression was increased. Moreover, HMGB-1 small interfering RNA test and western blotting showed that PIN pretreatment reduced HMGB1 and TLR4 protein levels. In conclusion, PIN pretreatment effectively protected hepatocytes from HIRI and inhibited the HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway.     

不同检查方式对胰腺损伤的诊疗价值

胰腺损伤发病率低,但病死率及并发症发生率高,容易出现不良预后。早期诊断有助于胰腺损伤患者及时得到准确有效的治疗,从而改善预后。本文从目前国内外的研究现状出发,胰腺损伤临床表现及实验室检查缺乏特异性,并归纳综述了不同检查方式包括超声、CT、MRCP、ERCP、手术等在胰腺损伤早期诊断、损伤分级、早期治疗、疗效判断、并发症检测等阶段的价值。通过探究多种诊疗方式及新的诊疗理念,结合本中心的诊疗经验,得出一种有效的诊疗模式,以供参考。