Assessing heterogeneity and correlation of paired failure times with the bivariate frailty model.

We consider bivariate survival times for heterogeneous populations, where heterogeneity induces deviations in an individual's risk of an event as well as associations between survival times. The heterogeneity is characterized by a bivariate frailty model. We measure the heterogeneity effects through deviations associated with hazard functions and an association function defined through the conditional hazard functions: the cross-ratio function proposed by Oakes. We show how the deviation and association measures are determined by the frailty distribution. A Gibbs sampling method is developed for Bayesian inferences on regression coefficients, frailty parameters and the heterogeneity measures. The method is applied to a mental health care data set.     

补肾活血对D—半乳糖诱导的衰老小鼠皮层一氧化氮的影响

探讨一氧化氮（ＮＯ）与衰老的关系及补肾活血衰老的机理,用分光光度法测定Ｄ－半乳糖诱导的亚急性衰老小鼠皮层ＮＯ含量,观察补肾活血中药对衰老小鼠皮层ＮＯ的影响,结果表明,衰老小鼠皮层ＮＯ含量明显增高,补肾活血中药能明显降低衰老小鼠皮层ＮＯ的含量,提示ＮＯ与衰老关系密切,补肾活血处延缓衰老的有效手段。     

弧菌,气单胞菌及邻单胞菌编码鉴定研究

采用编码技术对医学常见的弧菌属、气单胞菌属及邻单胞菌属的１２ 个菌种进行编码,建立了７ 位数编码鉴定法。并用此法鉴定了２０８ 株标准菌株,与常规鉴定法比较,两法无显著统计学意义（χ２ ＝０－４４ ,Ｐ＞０－０５）,符合率为９５－６７％ 。此鉴定法快捷、可靠、操作简便、判定结果简单、适合于临床、卫生及基层微生物实验室推广应用。     

心肌肌钙蛋白T对梗死后心绞痛病人预后的判断价值

目的探讨心肌肌钙蛋白Ｔ（ｃＴｎＴ）对梗死后心绞痛（ＰＡ）病人预后的判断价值。②方法急性心肌梗死（ＡＭＩ）发生１０ｄ后,连续２０ｄ检测１２６例ＰＡ病人血清ｃＴｎＴ和肌酸磷酸激酶同工酶ＭＢ（ＣＫ－ＭＢ）,随访０．５年,观察心脏事件（再梗死、猝死或严重心力衰竭）的发生率。③结果连续２０ｄ检测,ｃＴｎＴ均正常（ｃＴｎＴ≤０．２μｇ／Ｌ）者２６例,随访期内只有１例发生心脏事件;ｃＴｎＴ升高≤１０次者５１例,随访期内发生心脏事件１２例,其中非Ｑ波心肌梗死４例,Ｑ波心肌梗死８例;ｃＴｎＴ升高＞１０次者４９例,随访期内发生心脏事件２９例,其中非Ｑ波心肌梗死２０例,Ｑ波心肌梗死９例。特别是非Ｑ波心肌梗死后的ＰＡ病人,其心脏事件的发生率明显高于Ｑ波心肌梗死（χ２＝１５．３２,Ｐ＜０．００１）。ＣＫ－ＭＢ升高者１３例,随访期内发生心脏事件５例。④结论血清ｃＴｎＴ监测可以判断ＰＡ病人的预后,ｃＴｎＴ持续升高者,预后不良。     

粉防己碱与阿霉素或长春新碱联合用药的体外抗癌增效作用

AIM: To study the interaction between tetrandrine (Tet) and doxorubicin (Dox) or vincristine (Vin) against human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MCF-7/Dox or human nasopharyngeal cancer cell lines KB and KBV200 in vitro. METHODS: Anticancer activities of a drug alone and a drug combination of Tet and Dox or Vin were determined by tetrazolium (MTT) method. The interaction between Tet and Dox or Vin was evaluated by both a value of a sum of fractional inhibitory concentration (SFIC) and an isobologram method. RESULTS: The SFIC values of the three-different-ratio combinations between Tet and Dox ranged from 0.14 to 0.38 for MCF-7, and 0.10 to 0.29 for MCF-7/Dox; those of Tet-Vin combinations ranged from 0.21 to 0.37 for KB, and 0.32 to 0.63 for KBV200. All the SFIC values of the combination between Tet and Dox or Vin were less than 1.0 when the 3 ratios of the 2 drugs in combination were used, and the shapes of isobolic curves obtained from the combination were concave. CONCLUSION: The interaction between Tet and Dox or Vin against the human cancer cells was markedly synergistic.     

复方云芝胶囊对丝裂霉素C诱发突变及老年自发突变的抑制作用

采用体外培养人淋巴细胞微核检测法,探讨复方云芝胶囊抗突变作用。结果表明,复方云芝胶囊（１０ｍｇ／Ｌ～５０ｍｇ／Ｌ）可显著抑制丝裂霉素Ｃ（ＭＭＣ）诱发的微核形成,并可拮抗老年人自发微核,增加细胞增殖活性。     

Anti-tumor ribonuclease, combined with or conjugated to monoclonal antibody MRK16, overcomes multidrug resistance to vincristine in vitro and in vivo

Onconase, a ribonuclease isolated from Rana pipiens oocytes and early embryos, is a member of the RNase A superfamily. Onconase has anti-neoplastic properties both in vitro and in vivo, and is undergoing clinical evaluation. In the present study, Onconase was combined with or conjugated to MRK16, an anti-P-glycoprotein (Pgp) monoclonal antibody. The interaction of these combinations with vincristine (VCR) against parental and multidrug resistant (MDR), Pgp expressing, human colon carcinoma cells caused increased VCR cytotoxicity in vitro and enhanced survival of athymic nude mice given transplants of drug resistant HT-29(mdr1) cells in vivo. The results suggest that combination treatment with Onconase and other agents that modulate the chemosensitivity of Pgp-expressing human tumor cells has the potential to overcome MDR.     

槐角的避孕成分研究(Ⅱ)——化合物Ⅴ～Ⅷ的分离和鉴定

本文报道从槐角中分离到的化合物Ⅴ～Ⅷ的鉴定。经紫外、核磁共振光谱分析及物理化学常数的测定,证明化合物Ⅴ～Ⅷ分别为山萘酚-3-槐糖甙、染料木素-7-双葡萄糖甙、山萘酚-3-鼠李糖-双葡萄糖甙和染料木素-7-双葡萄糖-鼠李糖甙。这些甙水解后的甙元山萘酚和染料木素对小鼠具有抗生育活性。     

Properties of hemoglobin and dextran-hemoglobin rightshifted by oxidized inositol tetrakisphosphate

Phytate was digested by wheat bran phytase to yield inositol tetrakisphosphate. Periodate-oxidized inositol tetrakisphosphate (oxyIP4) was coupled by means of reductive alkylation to hemoglobin and the covalent dextran-hemoglobin conjugate to yield the rightshifted (rs) compounds rsHb and rsDxHb, respectively. The variations of the oxygen dissociation curves of these molecules with pH and temperature were compared to those of hemoglobin. The variations with pH were found to be less pronounced for these rightshifted forms. An extensive decrease in the half-saturation oxygen tension was observed, however, with both rsHb and rsDxHb, as in the case of unmodified Hb. Modification of hemoglobin by oxyIP4 at the polyphosphate site was suggested by the lack of a further rightshifting effect of phytate on rsHb, and by the similarity between the difference spectrum of rs-methemoglobin and the difference spectrum induced by the addition of phytate.