山东省胶州市暗娼HIV、梅毒和Ⅱ型单纯疱疹病毒感染状况分析

目的：了解山东省胶州市暗娼HIV、梅毒、Ⅱ型单纯疱疹病毒（HSV-2）感染状况以及相关影响因素。方法采用方便抽样法招募山东省胶州市暗娼人群,通过匿名现场问卷调查收集相关信息,采集血样进行HIV、梅毒和HSV-2检测,并以梅毒螺旋体ELISA检测与HSV-2抗体ELISA检测均为阳性定义为双重感染。结果共调查460名暗娼,其中HIV感染率为0.22%,梅毒感染率为5.9%,HSV-2感染率为43.0%,梅毒/HSV-2双重感染率为11.7%。22.8%的暗娼承认吸食过新型毒品,吸食新型毒品暗娼的梅毒感染率为12.4%,HSV-2感染率为55.2%,梅毒/HSV-2双重感染率为22.9%。多因素分析显示：梅毒感染的危险因素有吸食新型毒品（OR＝3.61,95%CI：1.62～8.06）、第一次商业性行为年龄＞20岁（OR＝2.80,95%CI：1.15～6.85）、最近1个月性服务场所数≥2个（OR＝4.37,95%CI：0.83～22.83）;而HSV-2感染的危险因素为吸食新型毒品（OR＝2.30,95%CI：1.43～3.70）、来自低档场所（OR＝2.61,95%CI：1.66～4.10）、在本地工作≥1年（OR＝2.01,95%CI：1.28～3.14）、第一次商业性行为年龄＞20岁（OR＝1.77,95%CI：1.16～2.69）、文化程度为文盲或小学（OR＝2.27,95%CI：1.18～4.36）;梅毒/HSV-2双重感染的危险因素有吸食新型毒品（OR＝3.95,95%CI：2.09～7.44）、文化程度为文盲或小学（OR＝2.43,95%CI：1.10～5.36）、年龄为21～30岁（OR＝2.95,95%CI：1.08～8.03）和≥31岁（OR＝7.05,95%CI：2.48～20.01）。结论胶州市暗娼梅毒、HSV-2及其重复感染率较高,特别是吸食新型毒品暗娼,应针对感染人群、吸毒人群进行有效的健康教育和行为干预。     

中国登革热患者发病至确诊间隔时问及其影响因素分析

目的分析中困臀革热患者发病至确诊间隔时间(间隔时间)及其影响冈素。方法对传染病监测信息系统中的数据进行描述性分析,采用非参数检验和logistic回归分析间隔时间的影响冈素。结果病至确诊间隔时间呈正偏态分布,中位数为6 d,四分位数间距为4 d,有57.8％的患者问隔时间>5 d。影响因素分析显示输入病例、年长者、非流行季节及福建、云南和浙江省的病例间隔时间较长：输入病例问隔时问·fi位数为6 d,比本地病例多1 d;非流行月份比流行月份问隔时间中位数多1 d;福建、五南省间隔时问中位数为7 d,比广东省多1 d;20岁以下患者间隔时间巾位数为5 d,较20岁以上人群少天。结论大部分髓革热患者在病毒血症期不能被确诊,需要增强监测系统的敏感性,尤其是在登革热的流行地区和非流行季节。     

Inhibitory effects of 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine and trichostatin A in combination with p53-expressing adenovirus on human laryngocarcinoma cells

Objective: To investigate the effects of 5-Aza-2’-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-Cdr) and trichostatin A (TSA) combined with p53-expressing adenovirus (Ad-p53) on Hep-2 cell line in vivo and in vitro, in order to explore its possibility in biological treatment of laryngocarcinoma. Methods: Effects of 5-Aza-Cdr and TSA in combination with Ad-p53 on Hep-2 cell line in vivo were determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The effect of drug combination was calculated by Jin’s formula. Effects on the cell line in vitro were investigated by establishing the nude mice model. Results: 5-Aza-Cdr and TSA showed inhibitory effects on the proliferation of Hep-2 cells in dose- and time-dependent manner. Ad-p53 can inhibit the growth of Hep-2 cells in vivo and in vitro. However, the combination of epigenetic reagents (5-Aza-Cdr/TSA) and Ad-p53 was less effective than individual use of Ad-p53. 5-Aza-Cdr and Ad-p53 inhibited the growth of transplanted tumors and reduced the volume of tumors, and the tumor volume of Ad-p53 group was significantly smaller than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Both epigenetic reagents (5-Aza-Cdr/TSA) and Ad-p53 can suppress cell proliferation on Hep-2 in vivo and in vitro and there may be some antagonistic mechanism between Ad-p53 and epigenetic reagents (5-Aza-Cdr/ TSA).     

HPLC 法测定贯叶金丝桃中芦丁和金丝桃苷的含量

目的：建立贯叶金丝桃中芦丁与金丝桃苷的含量测定方法。方法：采用高效液相色谱仪,使用Diamonsil C18柱（250mm×4.6 mm,5μm）,流动相为甲醇-乙腈-四氢呋喃-0.4%醋酸（1∶1∶18∶80）,流速为0.7 ml·min-1,检测波长为358 nm,柱温为30℃。结果：芦丁在0.206～1.236μg范围内有良好的线性关系,r=0.999 9。金丝桃苷在0.144～0.864μg范围内有良好的线性关系,r=0.999 8;芦丁的平均加样回收率为98.57%,RSD为0.94%,金丝桃苷的平均加样回收率为98.57%,RSD为0.94%。结论：该方法简便快捷,准确度高。     

834 例乳腺癌临床分析

 目的　探讨维吾尔族等少数民族乳腺癌的临床病理学特点。方法　对我院 1 982年至1 996年诊治的 834例乳腺癌进行临床回顾性分析。结果　维、汉等不同民族间乳腺癌的发病年龄、病理学类型无明显统计学差异 ( P>0 .50 )。在不同年龄组腋淋巴结状态比较中 ,35～ 65岁组中以维吾尔族腋淋巴结转移率最高为 75.5% ( P<0 .0 0 5) ,而其余年龄组无明显差异 ( P>0 .1 0 ) ,且肿瘤大小以维吾尔族肿瘤直径较大 ( P<0 .0 5)。结论　维吾尔族乳腺癌患者其肿块多较大 ,腋淋巴转移率较高 ,此可能是由于不同民族间乳腺癌之生物行为之间的差异而造成.     

兴奋性氨基酸受体激动剂诱导雌性大鼠性早熟模型的建立

【目的】 应用兴奋性氨基酸受体激动剂建立雌性大鼠性早熟模型。 【方法】 雌性SD大鼠50只,随机分为5组:实验Ⅰ组(性早熟青春早期组),实验Ⅱ组(性早熟青春中期组),对照Ⅰ组(正常青春前期组),对照Ⅱ组(正常青春早期组),对照Ⅲ组(正常青春中期组),实验组皮下注射N-甲基-D,L-天冬氨酸(NMA),对照组注射生理盐水,观察大鼠阴道开放时间及性周期,测量子宫指数、卵巢指数、卵巢黄体出现率、子宫壁厚度、黄体生成素浓度。 【结果】 实验组大鼠阴道开放及首次发情间期出现的时间较对照组提前,实验组各项指标较对照Ⅰ组有显著差异,实验Ⅰ组较对照Ⅱ组、实验Ⅱ组较对照Ⅲ组差异无统计学意义。 【结论】 应用兴奋性氨基酸受体激动剂可以使雌性大鼠正常的性发育提前,建立性早熟模型。     

新活素联合小剂量速尿治疗急性心肌梗死合并心力衰竭疗效评价

目的观察新活素(rh BNP)联合小剂量速尿治疗急性心肌梗死合并心力衰竭的疗效。方法 50例急性心肌梗死伴心力衰竭患者随机分为治疗组(24例)和对照组(26例),治疗组在对照组基础上加rh BNP(0.5 mg·支-1,1.5μg·kg-1负荷剂量静脉推注3~5 min,然后以0.01μg·min-1·kg-1的速度持续滴注72 h,对照组予40 mg·d-1速尿静脉注射、病因治疗、扩血管等对症治疗,观察2组患者治疗前后相关心功能指标、血清脑利钠肽(BNP)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)浓度的变化。结果治疗前后2组患者左心室舒张末期内径(LVDd)变化差异无统计学意义,治疗组LVEF明显升高(P<0.05),2组血浆BNP、血清hs-CRP水平均有下降(P<0.05),且治疗组较对照组改善更优(P<0.05)。结论 rh BNP联合小剂量速尿疗效明显优于速尿一般治疗,能有效改善急性心肌梗死合并心力衰竭患者症状,减少利尿剂抵抗。     

针对肝郁化热证的证候类中药新药临床评价研究

目的:为探讨证候类中药新药的临床评价方法,采用证病结合的临床研究模式,针对肝郁化热证,选择具有该证候的偏头痛、非器质性失眠和广泛性焦虑障碍患者,评价清肝解郁方对患者证候及生命质量的改善情况。方法:选取2013年07月至2014年12月北京中医药大学东直门医院收治的符合入组标准的患者180例,采用分层随机、阳性药对照的临床试验设计,将患者随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组采用清肝解郁方免煎颗粒进行治疗,偏头痛对照组患者使用天舒胶囊,失眠或焦虑对照组患者使用乌灵胶囊进行治疗。应用《肝郁化热证证候评价量表》对2组患者的证候改善情况进行评价,并采用SF-36生命质量量表评价2组患者生命质量。结果:1)经治疗后,2组患者肝郁化热证证候评分均呈下降趋势,治疗前后证候评分差值的组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),观察组下降较对照组更明显;2)治疗前后,2组患者生命质量各维度得分均较治疗前提高,其中社会功能(SF)维度组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),观察组改善更明显;3)肝郁化热证证候评分变化与生命质量各维度得分变化的相关性分析提示:生理功能(PF)、生理职能(RP)、精力(VT)、社会功能(SF)、情感职能(RE)与肝郁化热证证候评分变化呈显著正相关。结论:清肝解郁方可改善偏头痛、非器质性失眠及广泛性焦虑障碍患者的肝郁化热证证候,并可提高患者的生命质量。     

锌指蛋白基因IKZF3多态性与中国长江以南汉族人群系统性红斑狼疮的病例对照研究

目的 研究IKZF3基因多态性与中国长江以南汉族人群系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）易感性间的关联性。方法 采用病例对照研究（SLE 213例,正常健康对照者234例）,应用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）方法检测IKZF3基因多态性。在多个遗传模型（加性、隐性、显性）下,利用多因素logistic回归模型和广义多因子降维模型（GMDR）,分析基因与疾病易感性、疾病临床表型之间的关系,以及基因-基因交互作用,并进行生物信息学分析。结果 IKZF3基因rs114509391位点CA基因型的个体较AA基因型的个体患SLE的风险下降（OR=0.14,95%CI：0.03～0.56,P=0.006）;且在显性模型仍存在统计学意义（OR=0.26,95%CI：0.09～0.81,P=0.02）。分层分析提示rs9635726和rs9909593两位点可能与SLE发病也存在关联。表型研究显示,rs907091位点与肾脏损害（加性模型：OR=0.59,95%CI：0.35～0.98,P=0.043）、抗SSB抗体阳性（显性模型：OR=0.41,95%CI：0.18～0.96,P=0.040）相关;rs9909593位点GG、GA基因型的患者出现抗SSB抗体阳性的风险也较AA基因型患者下降（OR=0.37,95%CI：0.16～0.88,P=0.025）。生物信息学分析提示研究位点为功能位点。结论 IKZF3基因rs114509391、rs9635726和rs9909593可能与SLE易感性相关,rs9909593、rs907091与SLE的临床表型相关。     

Influence of active dendritic currents on input-output processing in spinal motoneurons in vivo

The extensive dendritic tree of the adult spinal motoneuron generates a powerful persistent inward current (PIC). We investigated how this dendritic PIC influenced conversion of synaptic input to rhythmic firing. A linearly increasing, predominantly excitatory synaptic input was generated in triceps ankle extensor motoneurons by slow stretch (duration: 2-10 s) of the Achilles tendon in the decerebrate cat preparation. The firing pattern evoked by stretch was measured by injecting a steady current to depolarize the cell to threshold for firing. The effective synaptic current (I(N), the net synaptic current reaching the soma of the cell) evoked by stretch was measured during voltage clamp. Hyperpolarized holding potentials were used to minimize the activation of the dendritic PIC and thus estimate stretch-evoked I(N) for a passive dendritic tree (I(N,PASS)). Depolarized holding potentials that approximated the average membrane potential during rhythmic firing allowed strong activation of the dendritic PIC and thus resulted in marked enhancement of the total stretch-evoked I(N) (I(N,TOT)). The net effect of the dendritic PIC on the generation of rhythmic firing was assessed by plotting stretch-evoked firing (strong PIC activation) versus stretch-evoked I(N,PASS) (minimal PIC activation). The gain of this input-output function for the neuron (I-O(N)) was found to be ~2.7 times as high as for the standard injected frequency current (F-I) function in low-input conductance neurons. However, about halfway through the stretch, firing rate tended to become constant, resulting in a sharp saturation in I-O(N) that was not present in F-I. In addition, the gain of I-O(N) decreased sharply with increasing input conductance, resulting in much lower stretch-evoked firing rates in high-input conductance cells. All three of these phenomena (high initial gain, saturation, and differences in low- and high-input conductance cells) were also readily apparent in the differences between stretch-evoked I(N,TOT) and I(N, PASS) and thus could be accounted for by the activation of the dendritic PIC. As a result, stretch-evoked I(N,TOT) and F-I provided an accurate prediction of the overall change in stretch-evoked firing. However, in about half of the low-input conductance cells, the rate of rise of firing in response to stretch was not smoothly graded but instead consisted of a rapid surge. Stretch-evoked I(N,TOT) was always smoothly graded. This suggests that although stretch-evoked I(N,TOT) can be used to predict the overall change in firing, prediction of the dynamics of firing may be less accurate.