国产人α＿1型基因工程干扰素治疗慢性肝炎Ⅲ期临床试验

３９例慢性肝炎患者，其中乙型肝炎１２例，丙型肝炎２７例，接受人α＿１型基因工程干扰素治疗（ｒＨＩＦＮα＿１）。１０例丙型肝炎病人ｒＨＩＦＮα＿１每日肌注１×１０￣６Ｕ，连用９０天，１７例丙型肝炎病人和乙型肝炎ｒＨＩＦＮα＿１每日肌注３×１０￣６Ｕ，连用９０天。治疗后乙型肝炎组ＨＢｅＡｇ和ＨＢＶＤＮＡ的阴转率均为４１．６７％；丙型肝炎用１×１０￣６Ｕ／ｄ和３×１０￣６Ｕ／ｄ组ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阴转率分别为５０％和６４．７％，两个剂量组阴转率比较差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５），治疗期间不良反应发生率较低，远期疗效尚待观察。     

陇南川北中华白蛉种型与垂直分布的初步研究

陇南川北中华白蛉(Phlebotomus chinensis)体形存在大小两型,其分布界线大型在海拔2000米以上,小型在海拔1600米以下,雄蛉触角列式大体与两型白蛉分布的情况相对应。在海拔1600米以下,雄蛉触角列式为2/3～15的占98.3％,呈2/3～8,1/9～15的仅占1.7％,后者被认为是前者的个体变异。在海拔2000米以上,雄蛉触角列式呈2/3～8,1/9～15的占98.97％,恰与海拔1600米以下的相反。两型主要的形态特征并无区别。在相似条件下,不包括滞育蛉在内,大型完成发育史的时间平均为52.3天;小型为53.6天,两型无差别。但两型在滞育期的出现时间略有不同,小型的滞育期较大型早出现一旬。本文对陇南川北中华白蛉种型分化作了分析和讨论。根据所得的初步结果,认为目前还不能从分类学上给予准确的评价,有关问题尚待深入研究。由于两者分布高度不同,体形大小有别,建议将分布在海拔2000米以上的中华白蛉,暂称大型中华白蛉。海拔1600米以下的中华白蛉,暂称小型中华白蛉,这仅仅为了表达和阐述的方便,并不是分类学上的正名。     

Shape of the myopic eye as seen with high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging.

We have obtained multislice magnetic resonance (MR) images of the eye and calculated ocular dimensions along the three cardinal axes: antero-posterior (A-P), equatorial, and vertical. We found no difference in the shape of hyperopic (average refractive error: +3.72 D) and emmetropic eyes, both of which had an equatorial diameter longer than the A-P and vertical diameters. Myopic eyes (average refractive error: -6.54 D) were larger than hyperopic eyes, and most had the same spheroelliptical shape as that of the emmetropic and hyperopic eyes. The results suggest that during myopic progression an overall enlargement or a radial volume expansion has occurred.     

食管超声多普勒监测急性高容量血液稀释对血液动力学的影响

目的　应用经食管超声多普勒血液动力学监测仪 ,观察全麻下急性高容量血液稀释(HHD)的血液动力学和氧供 (DO2 )变化。方法　选择 1 5例ASAI～II级择期行非心脏手术患者。麻醉诱导插管后持续监测心输出量 (CO)、每搏量 (SV)、心脏指数 (CI)、血流峰速度 (PV)、血流加速度(Acc)和左室射血时间指数 (LVETi) ,每隔 5分钟输入MAP值后计算出系统血管阻力 (SVR)值。麻醉平稳和各项监测完成后 1 0min ,在 30min内输注 6 %羟乙基淀粉 (HES) 2 0ml/kg。记录 6 %HES输注前、输注 1 5和 30min时的各项监测数据 ,并抽取动脉血液样本行血气分析并计算DO2 。结果　与HHD前相比 ,血气各参数 (pH、PaO2 、PaCO2 、BE)均无明显差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ,而 6 %HES输注 1 5和30min血红蛋白 (Hb)含量、红细胞比积 (Hct)均明显下降 (P <0 0 5和P <0 0 1 )。 6 %HES输注 1 5和 30min时的CaO2 比HHD前明显下降 (P <0 0 5 ) ,而DO2 显著增加 (P <0 0 5 )。与HHD前测量值相比 ,6 %HES输注 1 5min ,CO、SV、CI、PV和Acc明显升高 ,SVR显著降低 (P <0 0 5 ) ;6 %HES输注 30min ,SV、PV和Acc进一步升高 (P <0 0 1 ) ,而CO、CI和SVR与 6 %HES输注 1 5min时无明显变化。MAP、HR和LVETi在HHD期间无明显变化。结论　术前输注 6 %HES 2 0ml     

Effective high-capacity gutless adenoviral vectors mediate transgene expression in human glioma cells.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common subtype of primary malignant brain tumor. Although serotype 5 adenoviral vectors (Ads) have been used successfully in clinical trials for GBM, the capacity of Ads to infect human glioma cells and the expression of adenoviral receptors in GBM cells have been challenged. In this report, we studied the expression of three molecules that have been shown to mediate adenoviral entry into cells, i.e., coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR), integrin alphavbeta3 (INT), and major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI), in rodent glioma cell lines and low-passage primary cultures and cell lines from human GBM. We correlated levels of expression of CAR, INT, and MHCI with transduction efficiency elicited by several high-capacity helper-dependent adenoviral vectors (HC-Ads). Expression levels of adenoviral receptors were variable among the different GBM cells studied. HC-Ad-mediated therapeutic gene expression was efficient, ranging between 20 and 80% of the total target cells expressing the encoded transgenes. Our results show no correlation between the levels of CAR, INT, or MHCI molecules and the levels of transgene expression or the number of GBM cells transduced. We conclude that expression levels of adenoviral receptors do not predict their transduction efficiency or biological function.     

Effect of Shenmai Injection on L-type Calcium Current of Diaphragmatic Muscle in Rats

Diaphragmaticmuscleisanimportantrespiratorymuscle,anddiaphragmaticfatiguecanleadtomanydisorders .Onlyintherecent 2 0 yearshavethesys temicresearchesbeen performedtoinvestigatethefunctionofdiaphragmanditspathophysiology .Di aphragmaticfatiguecanbeinducedby…     

Chemical constituents of Isodon albopilosus (C.Y. Wu et H.W. Li) Hara]

Five compounds have been isolated from the stems and leaves of Isodon albopilosus. On the basis of spectroscopic and chemical data, they were identified as macrocalyxin C, stearic acid, beta-sitosterol, ursolic acid and beta-sitosterol-beta-D-glucoside, respectively.     

Directed differentiation of Balb/C mouse embryonic stem cells into pancreatic islet-like cell clusters in vitro: observation by atomic force microscope]

OBJECTIVE: To observe the morphological changes of Balb/C mouse embryonic stem cells following directed differentiation into pancreatic islet-like cell clusters (PICC) in vitro using atomic force microscope (AFM). METHODS: Balb/C mouse embryonic stem cells were first cultured into embryonic bodies (EBs) and allowed to differentiate spontaneously for 4 days. The cells were then transferred to gelatin-coated dishes for the EBs to attach and spread on the tissue culture plates, in the course of which a series of cell growth factors such as basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and nicotinamide were added into the culture medium at specific time points to induce directed differentiation of the stem cells into PICC. Immunocytochemistry was employed to detect the cells positive for insulin and glucagon, which were observed with AFM. RESULTS: The embryonic stem cells developed into cell clusters of different sizes, in which the cells were tightly arranged. Islet B cells were numerous in the center of clusters and darkly stained, but fewer in the peripherals with lighter stains. Islet A cells expressing glucagon were relatively fewer in the cell clusters, found mainly in the peripherals. Scanning of the insulin-positive clusters by AFM revealed large quantity of tissue fibers resembling nerve fibers that formed a reticular structure in disorderly arrangement. Numerous round granules were observed in the cytoplasm of almost identical sizes ranging from 0.5 to 1.0 mum in diameter. CONCLUSION: The cell clusters obtained by directed differentiation are mature in both morphology and function with also well organized structures.     

三维数字减影血管造影在颅内动脉瘤诊疗中的应用价值

目的：探讨3D—DSA在颅内动脉瘤诊断和治疗中的应用价值。方法：对蛛网膜下腔出血患者常规行DSA检查，发现病变或可疑病变后行3D—DSA检查。结果：26例颅内动脉瘤中检出动脉瘤31枚，其中后交通9枚，C1段3枚，C2段5枚，C3段3枚，前交通6枚，大脑中3枚。椎动脉动2枚。3例2D—DSA未见病变3D—DSA确诊，5例因血管重叠3D—DSA排除了动脉瘤。6枚GDC栓塞，5枚手术夹闭，2枚颈内动脉可脱性球囊封阻术。结论：3D—DSA极大提高了脑血管造影检查的准确性和可靠性，为动脉瘤的介入治疗和手术夹闭提供了可靠保障，在临床诊疗中具有很高的应用价值。     

膀胱出口梗阻后逼尿肌收缩蛋白表达和膀胱重量的改变

目的探讨膀胱出口梗阻(BOO)后逼尿肌收缩蛋白表达和膀胱重量的改变及意义。方法BOO组病人16例,筛选条件为入院诊断良性前列腺增生症(BPH)并经尿动力学压力-流率检查证实为高压低流型;对照组5例,为外伤等情况入院并排除有下尿路梗阻病史者。BOO组所有病例均行耻骨上经膀胱前列腺摘除术,术前B超检查测定膀胱重量和前列腺内外径比值,术中切取膀胱上壁组织2cm×1cm×1cm大小,标本行RT-PCR反应,检测膀胱逼尿肌中肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白mRNA的表达,并比较其与膀胱重量间的线性相关性。结果BOO组与对照组膀胱重量分别为(92.15±34.89)g和(56.08±20.35)g,(P<0.05);前列腺内外径比值分别为(0.57±0.16)和(0.18±0.06),(P<0.01);与对照组相比,BOO组肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白mRNA的表达量均有显著增加,分别为(40.32±59.67)×106和(6.59±5.62)×106,(P值均<0.01);且两者表达量与膀胱重量之间均有明显线性正相关性(P<0.05)。结论逼尿肌中肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白的表达与膀胱逼尿肌的功能状态密切相关。