5名电离辐射事故患者外周血T细胞T细胞抗原受体、T细胞分化抗原决定簇－3效应的研究

文中报道了５名事故性急性骨髓型放射病患者照后２．５和３．５年外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞Ｔ细胞受体（ＴＣＲ）基因，ＴＣＲ、Ｔ细胞分化抗原决定簇－３（ＣＤ_３）表达与ＴＣＲ／ＣＤ_３复合物功能的辐射效应．发现５名患者于照后２．５年，２名（５．２Ｇｙ和２．４Ｇｙ，５５岁）于照后３．５年外周血Ｔ细胞应答抗ＣＤ３单抗刺激而增殖的能力尚未完全恢复；经同时用ＩＬ－２和抗ＣＤ_３单抗刺激，增殖能力比单用抗ＣＤ_３单抗刺激有所增强；后２名的外周血ＴＣＲ、ＣＤ_３阳性细胞百分率一直低于正常对照和其他患者；并见一患者出现ＤＮＡ重排杂交带型．本文并从ＴＣＲ／ＣＤ_３在介导Ｔ细胞抗原刺激反应中的作用，电离辐射对ＴＣＲ／ＣＤ_３复合物的影响，后果和意义等方面进行了讨论．     

两种根管弯曲度测量法间数学关系的推导

目的:研究2种根管弯曲度测量法测值(Schneider法的测值为θS,Weine法的测值为θW)间的数学关系。方法:将弯曲根管长轴简化为依次由相切的线段(长度为l1)、圆弧(半径为r、圆心角为θ)、线段(长度为l2)组成的连线,根据2测量法确定简化弯曲根管长轴测量角时不同的定点、连线方式,推导θS、θW间的函数方程以及与l1、l2、r、θ间的数学关系,分析方程与函数图形的特征。结果:θS与θW间存在以下数学关系:(1)tanθS=(1-cosθW ksinθW)/(sinθW kcosθW),k=l2/r;(2)θW/2≤θS≤θW。k取不同值时函数曲线的形态具有不同的特点。θW在0,π的区间内,θS与θW间呈近似的线性关系;k越大,θS越接近θW,k越小,θS越接近θW/2。结论:Schneider法与Weine法测值间存在着复杂的函数关系,根管根尖部直段的长度(l2)与弯曲段曲率半径(r)之比值是影响2种方法测值间差异的重要因素。     

阶跃切应力对内皮细胞释放前列环素的影响

采用流室定量研究阶跃切应力对内皮细胞释放前列环素（ｐＧＩ＿２）的影响。对流室中的内皮细胞连续１００分钟施加１、１０、２０ｄｙｎｅ／ｃｍ￣２的阶跃剪切应力，用放免法测流室的８个时间段流出液的６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦｉ＿（１ａ）。绘出切应力刺激内皮细胞释放ＰＧＩ＿２的曲线。结果表明：未施加切应力时，内皮细胞释放ＰＧＩ＿２的量在检测限以下，施加切应力后，ＰＧＩ＿２释放速率很快达极大值，且又在数分钟内减小．施加阶跃切应力越大，ＰＧＩ＿２释放速率曲线峰值越高，但衰减也越快，在８０～１００分钟时间内的前列环素释放速率平均值也越大。由此提示，在活体中血液流变学因素一血流切应力对血管内皮细胞释放前列环素有促进作用。     

《相对穴及临床应用》评介

承德医学院杨志新医师为了学业的深造．曾经多次来往上海。近年，以其学习所得，编写成《相对穴及临床应用》一书，已于2005年9月由人民卫生出版社出版．日前寄来样书．希望我能给以评介。     

芪菖治瘫口服液对脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠脑细胞凋亡的影响

目的观察芪菖治瘫口服液对脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠脑细胞调亡的影响。方法利用先后夹闭大鼠双侧颈总动脉、基底动脉的方法制备大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤模型,测定假手术对照组、模型对照组、各给药组大鼠各部位脑组织凋亡细胞数。结果各给药组凋亡细胞数均不同程度地低于模型对照组,有显著的统计差异。结论芪菖治瘫口服液具有减少细胞凋亡的作用。     

Failure of intensive chemotherapy in poor prognosis non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

In an attempt to improve response and survival rates in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, a relatively intense six drug regimen MATCOP was developed comprising four-weekly cycles of methotrexate (100mg/m², IV_Y day 8), Adriamycin (30mg/m², IV_Y days 1,2), teniposide (75 mg/rn², IV, day 1), cyclophophamide (300 mg/m², po, days one to five), Oncovin (1.4 mg/m², IV: maximum 2 mg, days 8,15) and prednisolone (100 mg, po, days one to five). A randomised trial was conducted comparing MATCOP with the standard CHOP regimen, comprising three-weekly cycles of cyclophosphamide (750 mg/m², IV, day 1), Adriamycin (50 mg/m², IV, day 1), Oncovin (1.4 mg/m² IV: maximum 2 mg, day 1) and prednisolone (100 mg, PO, days two to six). Eighty patients with large cell lymphoma, diffuse mixed small cleaved and large cell lymphoma or diffuse small cleaved cell lymphoma were randomised, 47 to MATCOP and 33 to CHOP. MATCOP patients experienced increased granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia (p 0.0001), mucositis (p= 0.002) and infections (p= 0.01) compared to CHOP patients. Complete response rates were similar: 66% for MATCOP patients and 61% for CHOP patients. There were no apparent differences in the time to relapse for patients achieving CR, the time to treatment failure or the overall survival time. Thus despite an increase in toxicity, the more intense regimen MATCOP failed to confer any therapeutic benefit compared with the standard CHOP regimen. Survival was not influenced but toxicity was increased by dose intensification. (Aust NZ J Med 1992; 22: 123–128.)     

棉尘及吸烟对肺功能影响的观察

对８３名接触棉尘的健康者作肺功能测定，并与３９名不接触棉尘的健康者对照。其中男性均为吸烟者；女性均为不吸烟者。结果表明，ＭＭＥＦ、ＰＥＦＲ、Ｖ２５％～７５％均明显低于对照组（分别为Ｐ＜０．０１和Ｐ＜０．０５）．在男性吸烟组，ＶＣ，ＭＢＣ，ＦＥＶ１％也有明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０１），作者认为棉尘对人体的危害主要部位在小气道，吸烟者因损害严重可累及大气道。以往对棉尘反应的肺功能评估仅以ＦＥＶ１％为指标，不能反映早期的变化，有必要进一步完善。     

西藏地区农牧民生活习俗与包囊虫病的关系调查

目的　探讨西藏地区农、牧民生活习俗与包囊虫病的关系。方法　自制问卷对 7个县 2 40个家庭 163 1名成员与包囊虫感染有关的生活习俗进行调查分析。结果　饭前便后洗手的人仅有 16 1%,餐具一般都用天然水洗 ,大部家庭用天然绵羊绒擦洗茶具。大多数人都喝过河溪水 ,池塘水 ,人人都吃半生不熟的肉 ,半数以上的吃生肉和生血肠 ,绝大多数人喝未经消毒的鲜牛、羊奶。 10 0 %家庭养狗 ,所有人员与狗、羊、牛、马接触密切。包囊虫病人占调查人数 0 43 %( 7/ 163 1) ,有典型症状者占 0 67%( 11/ 163 1)。结论　当地居民感染包囊虫与不良生活习俗有关     

杨绍伊先生《考次汤液经序》(续)

广论之惑已明,再辨叔和撰次.<甲乙经·序>又云:"近世太医令王叔和,撰次仲景遗论甚精."①案今本仲景书卷端,即题云"王叔和撰次".以士安言解之:所谓"撰次"者,即撰集仲景遗论,以之次入仲景书中是也.若然,则今本仲景书为任圣之<汤液经>、张仲景之<广论>、王叔和之<仲景遗论撰>三种集合而成.求之叔和撰次书,见<辨太阳病>首篇.     

Expression of neuron-specific enolase and olfactory marker protein in the developing olfactory mucosa of human fetuses]

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and olfactory marker protein (OMP) in the developing olfactory mucosa of human fetuses. METHOD: The expression of NSE and OMP in the olfactory mucosa of 6 human fetuses (12, 16, 20, 24, 28 and 34 weeks) was studied using the technique of immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: NSE immunological positive reactions were seen in all 6 fetal mucosa from gestational 12 (G12) to G34, with plenty of positive-stained dual-pole neuron cells. At G12, the positive cells aligned tightly, the cell bodies were localized in the lower portion of olfactory epithelium and the positive-stained area occupied upper 2/3 of fetal nasal mucosa. With the development, the positive cells gradually became multilayer, but the density and the relative area of positive-cells reduced. At G34, the positive cells were located only in upper 1/3 of nasal mucosa. OMP-positive reactions were localized in a few dual-pole neurons at G12, the number was much less than NSE-positive cells in the same fetus. With the development, the OMP-positive cells gradually increased with most of the cell bodies located in the upper portion of epithelium, but number still relatively less than the NSE-positive cells at the same age. CONCLUSION: At G12, there were lots of olfactory neuron in the olfactory mucosa and only a few olfactory neurons had became mature. With the development, the olfactory epithelial area reduced but the number of mature olfactory neurons increased. At the last trimester, fetal olfactory sensor was almost matured.