Ginkgo biloba extract improves coronary artery circulation in patients with coronary artery disease: contribution of plasma nitric oxide and endothelin-1

In patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), coronary blood flow is usually impaired due to imbalanced vasoactive substances such as nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1). The study was designed to test the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) on the distal left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) blood flow and plasma NO and ET-1 levels. Eighty CAD patients were randomly assigned to GBE (n = 42) and control (n = 38) groups. The LAD blood flow was assessed non-invasively using Doppler echocardiography at baseline and after 2 weeks. GBE treatment demonstrated a significant improvement in maximal diastolic peak velocity (MDPV), maximal systolic peak velocity (MSPV) and diastolic time velocity integral (DTVI) compared with controls (14.61 +/- 4.51% vs 0.67 +/- 2.66%, 9.03 +/- 4.81% vs 0.34 +/- 2.67% and 14.69 +/- 5.08% vs 0.68 +/- 3.00%, respectively, p < 0.01). NO was increased by 12.42% (p < 0.01), whereas ET-1 was decreased by 5.82% (p < 0.01). The NO/ET-1 ratio was increased by 19.47% (p < 0.01). A linear correlation was confirmed between the percentage change in LAD blood flow and in NO, ET-1 or NO/ET-1 ratio following GBE treatment. The results suggest that GBE treatment in CAD patients led to an increase of LAD blood flow, which might at least be related partly to the restoration of the delicate equilibrium between NO and ET-1.     

Fas基因转染联合应用顺铂对舌鳞癌细胞的杀伤作用

目的 探讨Fas基因转染联合应用顺铂对舌鳞癌Tca8113细胞的杀伤作用.方法 实验细胞分为未转染Fas基因组和转染Fas基因组,各加入100 μl顺铂,使其终浓度分别为1、5、10、20、40 μg/ml,观察顺铂作用下转染前、后Tca8113细胞的形态学变化,绘制细胞生长曲线,四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)法检测顺铂对转...     

胃癌组织中COX-2的表达及其与p53和VEGF的关系

目的 探讨COX-2、p53和VEGF的表达与胃癌临床病理特征之间的关系,以及COX-2与p53和VEGF表达的关系。方法 胃癌标本84例,采用免疫组化Power vision两步法检测COX-2、p53、VEGF在胃癌中的表达,并分析其临床意义。结果 ①胃癌组织中COX-2的阳性表达率为66.7％(56／84),且COX-2的表达与癌灶大小、淋巴结转移、癌浸润深度和病理类型密切相关(P<0.05或0.01)。②胃癌标本中p53、VEGF的阳性表达率分别为59.5％(50／84)和61.9％(52／84),其表达与癌灶大小、淋巴结转移、癌浸润深度、分化程度和病理类型均无关(P>0.05)。③COX-2阳性胃癌组织p53阳性率(67.86％,38／56)显著高于COX-2阴性者(42.86％,12／28);VEGF表达率在COX-2阳性者为75.00％(42／56),在COX-2阴性者为35.71％(10／28),前者明显高于后者。p53、VEGF均与COX-2表达呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。结论COX-2的表达与胃癌的发生、癌灶大小、淋巴结转移和癌浸润深度密切相关,可作为判断胃癌预后的指标之一;COX-2表达与p53、VEGF之间存在明显的相关性,其机制有待进一步阐明。     

SARS相关冠状病毒S1融合蛋白的原核表达与纯化

目的：克隆严重急性呼吸综合征相关冠状病毒(SARS-CoV)S1蛋白编码DNA，构建原核表达质粒pGEX-5T／S1，并诱导表达谷胱甘肽巯基转移酶融合蛋白。方法：采用PCR方法扩增合成S1片段，并克隆入载体中，经双酶切鉴定和测序后把S1序列定向插入原核表达载体pGEX-5T的多克隆位点，转化大肠杆菌K802，将纯化后的融合蛋白用于SARS—CoV抗体阳性血清的检测。结果：GST—S1融合蛋白以可溶形式表达，纯化后的蛋白用ELISA法检测，结果与对照相符。结论：成功诱导原核表达并纬化出融合蛋白S1，为将其应用于SARS—CoV的特异性检测和亚单位疫苗研究奠定了基础。     

SARS相关冠状病毒M基因片段的克隆及其DNA疫苗诱导的体液免疫

目的：构建含有SARS相关冠状病毒(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus，SARS—CoV)M基因片段的核酸疫苗，观察其免疫小鼠后病毒特异性抗体产生情况。方法：将合成的M基因片段克隆到核酸疫苗真核表达载体pVAX1中，免疫小鼠后，用SARS—CoV抗体ELISA检测试剂盒定期检测免疫小鼠血清中抗SARS—CoV的病毒特异性抗体水平。结果：构建了重组核酸疫苗质粒pVCo—M，免疫小鼠后可诱导产生出病毒特异性抗体。结论：以M为抗原基因的DNA疫苗能诱导SARS病毒特异性抗体，为进一步改进或探索同类DNA疫苗提供有益启示。     

生物材料人工气管的设计与动物实验研究

目的：通过筛选适宜的生物材料和选用特殊的成型工艺自行研制新型人工气管假体，探讨其用于长段气管缺损重建的可行性。方法：根据理想化气管替代物的要求，设计出I型人工气管：由聚丙烯单丝、聚乙丙交酯纤维纺织成直管状网管，内壁涂以聚氨酯薄膜和胶原蛋白，涂层材料不能透过外壁网孔，外壁采用胶原蛋白-羟基磷灰石多孔状海绵覆盖。作为对照的II型人工气管，网管结构与I型相同，内外壁均涂以聚氨酯。分别将I型、II型人工气管用于实验组（8只）和对照组（4只）动物，构建犬颈部气管置换与重建的动物模型。结果：实验组犬术后人工气管假体能迅速被宿主气管周围组织包绕而达到生物学固定，假体在位良好，吻合口肉芽生长不明显；假体内腔可见不规则黏膜上皮生长，色较苍白，未铺覆内腔全长；包绕假体的周围组织中可扪及散在的大小不等的硬质骨性结构；动物存活时间长。而对照组术后均出现不同程度的假体松脱现象，并发生局部漏气、感染及狭窄等并发症。结论：该生物材料人工气管可用于长段气管置换重建手术，具有一定的开发利用价值和临床应用前景。     

18Q开关Nd%3aYAG激光联合中药美白霜治疗瑞尔氏黑变病临床观察

自1999年11月至2001年11月我们采用Q开关Nd:YAG532nm激光联合中药美白霜共治疗8例瑞尔氏黑变病,获得一定疗效,报道如下。 1 临床资料 8例瑞尔氏黑变患者均为门诊女性病例,年龄在35～53岁。病程3个月至3年余。均有使用化妆品史,其中5例发病前有使用祛斑化妆品后出现皮肤红斑、脱皮等过     

Antioxidant and Anticlastogenic Capacity of Prickly Pear Juice

Plants belonging to the genus Opuntia spp. are the most abundant of the Cactaceae family, grown throughout America and the Mediterranean central area. Its fruit, known as cactus pear or prickly pear, is an oval berry grouped in different colors. Some studies have shown its antioxidant activities which may help in preventing chronic pathologies such as diabetes. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of three varieties of prickly pear juice (red-purple, white-green and yellow-orange) in five different concentrations (100, 250, 500, 750, and 1000 mg/mL) by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical) colorimetric method, selecting the best variety to determine its anticlastogenic potential against methyl methanesulfonate (MMS). The results indicate that the highest antioxidant was found in the juice of the prickly pear red-purple variety (PPRP), in all concentrations. Its anticlastogenic potential was therefore evaluated with a micronucleus assay. The experiment was run over two weeks. A negative control was included along with a positive control with MMS (40 mg/kg), a group of mice treated with PPRP (25 mL/kg), and three groups with PPRP (in doses of 25, 16.5 and 8.3 mL/kg) plus the mutagen. The PPRP was administered daily by oral gavage and the MMS was injected intraperitoneally five days prior to the end of the experiment. Blood samples were obtained at 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h in order to determine the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPE). The results indicated that PPRP is not a genotoxic agent, on the contrary, it may reduce the number of MNPE. In this regard, the PPRP showed an anticlastogenic effect directly proportional to its concentrations. Thus, the highest protection was obtained with a concentration of 25 mL/kg after 48 h of treatment.     

重组腺病毒载体介导的人野生型p53基因增强肝癌细胞对化疗药物的敏感性

目的： 观察表达人野生型p53,GM-CSF和B7-1基因的重组腺病毒载体（BB-102）提高肝癌细胞对化疗药物的敏感性。方法： BEL-7402,HLE和HuH-7 3株肝癌细胞被50 MOI的BB-102转染后,Western blot检测p53基因的表达,MTT方法检测肝癌细胞对化疗药物的敏感性。结果： 当MOI为50 pfu/细胞时,腺病毒载体对3株肝癌细胞的转染效率均达到80％以上。转染BB-102后,HLE和HuH-7细胞对顺铂的敏感性分别提高11倍和28倍,对丝裂霉素-C的敏感性分别提高3.75倍和20倍。而BB-102的转染对BEL-7402细胞的化疗敏感性没有影响。结论： BB-102腺病毒载体转染后能显著提高p53基因突变的HLE和HuH-7细胞对顺铂和丝裂霉素-C的敏感性,因而增强顺铂和丝裂霉素-C对HLE和HuH-7细胞的杀伤作用。     

Multimodal investigation of dopamine D2/D3 receptors,default mode network suppression,and cognitive control in cocaine-use disorder

Stimulant-use disorders have been associated with lower availability of dopamine type-2 receptors (D2R) and greater availability of type-3 receptors (D3R). Links between D2R levels, cognitive performance, and suppression of the default mode network (DMN) during executive functioning have been observed in healthy and addicted populations; however, there is limited evidence regarding a potential role of elevated D3R in influencing cognitive control processes in groups with and without addictions. Sixteen individuals with cocaine-use disorder (CUD) and 16 healthy comparison (HC) participants completed [¹¹C]-(+)-PHNO PET imaging of D2R and D3R availability and fMRI during a Stroop task of cognitive control. Independent component analysis was performed on fMRI data to assess DMN suppression during Stroop performance. In HC individuals, lower D2R-related binding in the dorsal putamen was associated with improved task performance and greater DMN suppression. By comparison, in individuals with CUD, greater D3R-related binding in the substantia nigra was associated with improved performance and greater DMN suppression. Exploratory moderated-mediation analyses indicated that DMN suppression was associated with Stroop performance indirectly through D2R in HC and D3R in CUD participants, and these indirect effects were different between groups. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence of a dissociative and potentially beneficial role of elevated D3R availability in executive functioning in cocaine-use disorder.Subject terms: Addiction, Cognitive control