硬膜外阻滞剖宫产术中输液对产妇肺泡--动脉血氧分压差的影响

目的探讨硬膜外阻滞剖宫产术中以不同速度静脉输入晶体液和胶体液对产妇肺泡-动脉血氧分压差(A-aDO2)的影响.方法选硬膜外阻滞下行择期剖宫产术的产妇80例.麻醉开始至胎儿娩出间期(I-DI)以四种不同速度(10,20,25和30ml·kg-1·h-1)静脉输入两种不同液体(血定安和乳酸钠林格氏液),并据此将产妇平均分为G(血定安)、R(乳酸钠林格氏液)两组和a,b,c,d四个亚组.于麻醉前及术中取胎儿时采产妇足背动脉血各2ml,胎儿娩出时采脐静脉血2ml,测定血气值和产妇的A-aDO2,并评定新生儿1 min Apgar评分.每亚组随机选5例行CVP监测.结果产妇术前和术中的PaO2和PaCO2、脐静脉血的PO2和PCO2以及新生儿1 min Apgar评分各亚组间差异无统计学意义.CVP值两组各对应亚组间相比差异也无统计学意义,并且都在正常值范围内.Rd亚组术中A-aDO2值(22±8.24mmHg)显著高于Ra(16±7.44mmHg)和Rb(15±10.67mmHg)亚组.结论硬膜外阻滞剖宫产术中输入晶体液速度达30 ml·kg-1·h-1时可使产妇A-aDO2显著增加,而对新生儿脐带血气值和1min Apgar评分未产生明显影响.     

18Q开关Nd%3aYAG激光联合中药美白霜治疗瑞尔氏黑变病临床观察

自1999年11月至2001年11月我们采用Q开关Nd:YAG532nm激光联合中药美白霜共治疗8例瑞尔氏黑变病,获得一定疗效,报道如下。 1 临床资料 8例瑞尔氏黑变患者均为门诊女性病例,年龄在35～53岁。病程3个月至3年余。均有使用化妆品史,其中5例发病前有使用祛斑化妆品后出现皮肤红斑、脱皮等过     

福建省不同自然区划中家栖鼠形动物体外寄生蚤数量分布的观察

目的：对福建省不同综合自然区划中家栖鼠形动物体外寄生蚤的数量分布进行分析。方法：利用近10年来福建省鼠疫监测中所获得的鼠、蚤监测资料，按不同综合自然区划对相关的蚤类监测数据进行统计学处理与分析。结果：得出了不同综合自然区划中的蚤类组成情况，表明染蚤率、印鼠客蚤指数在不同区划中有显著差异，显示了10年间在3种不同的综合自然区划中印鼠客蚤指数有变化。结论：在福建省3类不同综合自然区划中，家栖鼠形动物体外寄生蚤的数量分布存在明显的差异。     

学校症状监测信息系统的建立与运作情况分析

目的对佛山市学校症状监测信息系统的建立与运作情况进行分析评价。探讨在学校传染病疫情预防控制中发挥的作用。方法开发“学生健康监护信息系统”，从2007年1月1日起，学校通过信息系统网络报告因病缺勤、发热、腹泻、呕吐、咳嗽、皮疹、红眼症等7个症状指标数据以及异常情况事件。结果113间中小学校及托幼机构加入该监测信息系统，2007年1～50周，109间（占96.46％）学校及托幼机构坚持每周及时上报症状监测信息；57间（占50．4％）学校及托幼机构报告基于爆发疫情早期的异常情况事件498起，平均每起小事件报告病例2．5例。结论学校症状监测信息系统在本地区成功建立并正常运作，对中小学校及托幼机构传染病预防控制及疫情早期预警防控起到了积极的作用。     

Sex differences in the formation and persistence of DNA adducts of 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ) in CDF1 mice

The potent food mutagen 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]-quinoline (IQ) is carcinogenic in the CDF1 mouse, affecting the liver, lungs and forestomach. Females are approximately twice as sensitive as males to liver tumor induction. Using 32P-postlabeling assays, the dose-response of IQ-DNA adduct formation was determined in various organs of male and female CDF1 mice after single p.o. doses of IQ. To determine the possible correlation between IQ-DNA adduct formation, persistence and tumorigenicity in target organs, young adult male and female CDF1 mice were treated with a single p.o. dose (50 mg/kg) of IQ, and IQ-DNA adducts were isolated and quantitated in liver, lungs, forestomach, small intestine and large intestine over a 24 day period. In the range of 5-50 mg IQ/kg, IQ-DNA adduct formation was related to dose in all organs examined (liver, lungs, stomach, small intestine, large intestine). Total adduct formation (expressed as relative adduct labeling, RAL) 24 h after administration was highest in the liver (6.4-6.9 x 10(-7)) with lower levels, in decreasing order, in the large intestine, small intestine (non-target organs), forestomach and lungs (target organs). In all cases the major adduct, comprising 68-79% of the total, co-chromatographed with standard N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-IQ. Up to three additional IQ-specific adducts could be detected. Except in the liver, adduct levels 24 h after administration of IQ were 2- to 3-fold higher in females than in males. There was no preferential retention of any one of the four adducts 1-24 days after administration of IQ. Beyond day 4 after administration, total adducts in the liver of females were approximately 2-fold higher than those in males, and the rate of removal from female lung was approximately 2-fold faster than that from male lung during the 1-24 day time period. Both these findings correspond to the known sex differences in IQ-induced tumor incidences in these organs. The higher adduct levels in non-target organs (intestines) as compared to target organs (lungs and stomach), combined with the absence of differential persistence of any individual adduct indicates that, in addition to adduct formation and persistence, other factors contribute to the target organ specificity of IQ in CDF1 mice.     

强啡肽对大鼠脊髓电生理改变的影响及其受体机制

目的:强啡肽参与脊髓继发性损伤的病理过程,应用体感运动诱发电位可以监测脊髓电生理的改变以及强啡肽干预后的影响。方法:实验于2002-05/2003-10在第二军医大学神经生物实验室完成。选择清洁级健康、封闭群雄性SD大鼠94只,将94只蛛网膜下腔插管后大鼠按鞘内注射不同药物按随机数分为:①正常组4只,不行鞘内注药。②对照组6只,鞘内注射生理盐水。③强啡肽组:生理盐水+30nmol强啡肽A(1-13)。④强啡肽+nor-BNI(Kappa受体拮抗剂)组:30nmol强啡肽A(1-13)+100nmolnor-BNI。⑤强啡肽+MK-801(兴奋性氨基酸受体拮抗剂)组:30nmol强啡肽A(1-13)+100nmolMK-801。每组分1,3,7,14d4个时间组,每组7只动物。注射药物均以生理盐水配成10μL溶液,强啡肽A(1-13)在nor-BNI或MK-801鞘内注射后15min应用。所有动物在注药后应用电生理技术观察大鼠运动诱发电位、体感诱发电位变化。结果:①正常组动物运动诱发电位潜伏期(2.35±0.26)ms,波幅(26.84±4.19)μV。体感诱发电位潜伏期(1.88±0.28)ms,波幅(20.76±2.50)μV。②单纯鞘内注射强啡肽组在注药后体感诱发电位及运动诱发电位波幅值均变小,3d时有些动物仅存痕迹波,波型变宽,潜伏期逐渐延长,传导速度减慢。注药后1,3d时波幅和潜伏期与注药前比较差异非常显著(P<0.01),说明诱发电位3d时不但没有恢复,而且继续加重。③单纯注射强啡肽的各组动物体感诱发电位,运动诱发电位在7,14d时也没有明显恢复。而联合鞘内注射nor-BNI或MK-801组的运动诱发电位及体感诱发电位在1～3d时与强啡肽组差异不显著,均存在不同程度的损害表现,而在7,14d时则有一定程度的恢复,较强啡肽组的运动诱发电位及体感诱发电位潜伏期短、波幅大,与强啡肽组及对照组相比差异均显著(P<0.01)。④强啡肽A(1-13)联合注射nor-BNI组与MK-801组两组间对脊髓电生理损害的改变类似,强啡肽A(1-13)+nor-BNI组的损害表现小一些,但两者之间差异不显著。⑤实验中观察到运动诱发电位的表现与大鼠的运动功能相符合,运动诱发电位的恢复预示着运动功能的恢复。结论:强啡肽鞘内注射能导致脊髓电生理损害,而应用nor-BNI和MK-801干预后,均能部分对抗强啡肽对大鼠脊髓电生理的改变作用,出现了潜伏期缩短,波幅增大的改变,提示这两组大鼠的运动神经纤维破坏较少,恢复快,再生多,证明了强啡肽对脊髓神经确实有继发性损害作用。     

机械性脊髓损伤模型的建立及其评价

目的:了解国内外机械性脊髓损伤模型的研究进展,为临床治疗脊髓损伤提供理论依据。资料来源:应用计算机检索Medline、万方数据库、重庆维普数据库和学术期刊数据库,检索时间段为1983-01/2004-07,检索内容为关于机械性脊髓损伤模型的文章,英文检索词“animalmodel,spinalcordinjury”,中文检索词“脊髓损伤,动物模型”。资料选择:对检索到的文献进行初审,排除题目中不含“脊髓、模型”等词的文章。然后剩余文献查找全文。资料提炼:共收集中文112篇,排除题目中不含“脊髓、模型”等词的文章后纳入29篇。收集到含“animalmodel,spinalcordinjury”英文文献119篇,与模型建立有关19篇,与治疗有关12篇,与解剖和功能评定有关6篇。进一步查看全文,排除重复的文献,最后对25篇文献进行综述。资料综合:机械性脊髓损伤模型的种类有锐性损伤模型(如脊髓全切模型、脊髓半切模型等)、挫伤型模型(包括脊髓背侧损伤模型和脊髓腹侧损伤模型)和钳夹压迫型脊髓损伤模型,各模型均有着各自的特点,可用来研究解决不同的神经生物方面的问题。机械性脊髓损伤模型的研究目前主要集中在构建,解剖和功能变化及治疗运用。结论:此模型的建立对进一步了解机械性脊髓损伤的发病机制,研究此种损伤的病理生理改变及筛选有效的预防治疗提供了良好的基础。     

通心络胶囊对急性脑梗死患者神经功能缺损及日常生活活动能力的作用

目的观察通心络胶囊对急性脑梗死患者神经功能缺损及日常生活活动能力的改善作用,并初步探讨其机制。方法86例急性脑梗死患者随机分为通心络治疗试验组(43例)和对照组(43例),采用改良爱丁堡-斯堪的纳维亚量表(mESSS),美国国立卫生院脑卒中(NIH)量表、日常生活活动量表(BI)对急性脑梗死患者试验组和对照组分别进行从入院至病后90d系列神经功能缺损评分及日常生活活动能力评分,并检测外周血白细胞介素-1(IL-1)水平。结果试验组病后14,30,60,90d的神经功能缺损改善较对照组明显(减少值:mESSS,4.24,8.32,10.68,13.02vs2.65,4.07,5.34,6.25;NIH,3.12,5.42,6.13,6.81vs1.54,2.34,2.87,3.42),试验组病后60,90d的显效率较对照组高(χ2=9.364,11.349,P<0.005);试验组病后60,90d日常生活活动能力评分比对照组高(BI:86.55,90.83vs71.58,75.12),独立程度高(χ2=5.6279,0.010相似文献   

Icariin improves the sexual function of male mice through the PI3K/AKT/eNOS/NO signalling pathway

We aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of icariin on male sexual function. Forty‐eight Crl:CD1(ICR) male mice were randomly divided into control, low‐, medium‐ and high‐dose icariin group (intragastric administration of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/d for 21 days). Mating experiment was then performed at a ratio of 1: 3 (male: female). The mating behaviours of male mice were recorded. The genital indexes and serum testosterone, nitric oxide (NO), hypothalamic dopamine (DA) and 5‐ hydroxy tryptophan (5‐HT) concentrations were measured. The expression of endothelial nitric oxide (eNOS), phosphatidylinositol tallow alcohol 3‐kinase (PI3K) and phosphorylated protein kinase (p‐AKT) in penile tissue was detected by Western blot. All icariin groups exhibited shorter capture latency and ejaculation latency, increased number of capture and ejaculation, higher capture and ejaculation rate, and higher testicular and prostate indexes compared with controls (p < .001). These groups had higher serum testosterone and NO concentrations (p < .001), hypothalamic DA and 5‐HT levels, and eNOS, PI3K and phosphorylated AKT expressions in penile tissue (p < .05). The effect of icariin was dose‐dependently increased. Our study suggests that icariin improves the sexual function of male mice, which might be associated with the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis and the PI3K/AKT/eNOS/NO signalling pathway.     

无创通气结合雾化吸入治疗COPD伴呼吸衰竭临床观察

目的:探讨应用多功能呼吸机无创通气结合雾化吸入支气管扩张剂治疗慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)伴呼吸衰竭。方法:观察28例COPD伴呼吸衰竭患者在常规药物治疗的基础上应用无创通气结合雾化吸入治疗前后的血气分析变化,经统计学处理后比较通气前后各指标的差异。结果:所有患者治疗后血气分析有非常明显的改善,临床症状明显缓解。结论:COPD伴呼吸衰竭患者早期积极应用无创通气结合雾化吸入治疗是可行、有效的。