High‐Fiber Orange Juice as a Nutrition Supplement in Women

Background: The daily consumption of dietary fiber is frequently below suggested recommendations. Using a double‐blind, controlled, randomized study, we assessed the efficiency and tolerance of a fiber‐enriched orange juice to supplement fiber intake in women. Materials and Methods: After 1 week of noninterventional observation, 192 healthy adult women ingested 400 mL of orange juice for 21 days, which either was not (placebo group) or was enriched with fiber (fiber group). Orange juice ingestion was registered daily and controlled for each week during the study period. Macronutrient, fiber, and energy intake were determined using a 3‐day food record, validated food chemical composition databases, and the “Pro Diet” software. Gastrointestinal symptoms were self‐evaluated daily by scoring 4 grades of symptom intensity and using a visual analog scale to grade pain severity. Results: No changes were observed for macronutrient and energy ingestion. For the placebo group (n = 97), the total fiber intake record was under the daily recommended value. In contrast, the fiber group (n = 95) displayed higher comparative values of total and soluble fiber consumption (P ≤ .001), achieving the daily recommended values of fiber intake. Both groups reported an increased frequency of slight bloating and rumbles over time (P ≤ .05). The fiber group also experienced a higher frequency of slight flatulence over time (P = .002). Conclusion: Consumption of fiber‐enriched orange juice was efficient to achieve the daily fiber intake recommendation for women, was not accompanied by intense adverse events, and may represent a suitable method to supplement fiber intake in woman.     

Caudal epidural anesthesia during intracavitary brachytherapy for cervical cancer

It has been suggested that pain control during intracavitary brachytherapy for cervical cancer is insufficient in most hospitals in Japan. Our hospital began using caudal epidural anesthesia during high-dose-rate (HDR) intracavitary brachytherapy in 2011. The purpose of the present study was to retrospectively investigate the effects of caudal epidural anesthesia during HDR intracavitary brachytherapy for cervical cancer patients. Caudal epidural anesthesia for 34 cervical cancer patients was performed during HDR intracavitary brachytherapy between October 2011 and August 2013. We used the patients'' self-reported Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) score at the first session of HDR intracavitary brachytherapy as a subjective evaluation of pain. We compared NRS scores of the patients with anesthesia with those of 30 patients who underwent HDR intracavitary brachytherapy without sacral epidural anesthesia at our hospital between May 2010 and August 2011. Caudal epidural anesthesia succeeded in 33 patients (97%), and the NRS score was recorded in 30 patients. The mean NRS score of the anesthesia group was 5.17 ± 2.97, significantly lower than that of the control group''s 6.80 ± 2.59 (P = 0.035). The caudal epidural block resulted in no side-effects. Caudal epidural anesthesia is an effective and safe anesthesia option during HDR intracavitary brachytherapy for cervical cancer.     

Carbon-ion beams induce production of an immune mediator protein,high mobility group box 1, at levels comparable with X-ray irradiation

X-ray radiotherapy activates tumor antigen-specific T-cell responses, and increases in the serum levels of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) induced by X-ray irradiation play a pivotal role in activating anti-tumor immunity. Here, we examined whether carbon-ion beams, as well as X-rays, can induce HMGB1 release from human cancer cell lines. The study examined five human cancer cell lines: TE2, KYSE70, A549, NCI-H460 and WiDr. The proportion of cells surviving X- or carbon-ion beam irradiation was assessed in a clonogenic assay. The D₁₀, the dose at which 10% of cells survive, was calculated using a linear–quadratic model. HMGB1 levels in the culture supernatants were assessed by an ELISA. The D₁₀ dose for X-rays in TE2, KYSE70, A549, NCI-H460 and WiDr cells was 2.1, 6.7, 8.0, 4.8 and 7.1 Gy, respectively, whereas that for carbon-ion beams was 0.9, 2.5, 2.7, 1.8 and 3.5 Gy, respectively. X-rays and carbon-ion beams significantly increased HMGB1 levels in the culture supernatants of A549, NCI-H460 and WiDr cells at 72 h post-irradiation with a D₁₀ dose. Furthermore, irradiation with X-rays or carbon-ion beams significantly increased HMGB1 levels in the culture supernatants of all five cell lines at 96 h post-irradiation. There was no significant difference in the amount of HMGB1 induced by X-rays and carbon-ion beams at any time-point (except at 96 h for NCI-H460 cells); thus we conclude that comparable levels of HMGB1 were detected after irradiation with iso-survival doses of X-rays and carbon-ion beams.     

T-2毒素、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇全抗原的合成及鉴定

目的分别合成T-2毒素、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)的全抗原。方法采用琥珀酸酐法对分子结构进行修饰,产生易反应的官能团,并与载体蛋白偶联,从而具备免疫条件,用高性能基质辅助激光解吸电离-飞行时间质谱仪MALDI-TOF检测偶联物及偶联蛋白的分子量,用商品化的T-2和DON免疫试剂盒与偶联物进行棋盘滴定验证。结果T-2和DON的全抗原及BSA的分子量分别为67641.6、66680.4、66297.7,偶联物与免疫试剂盒中T-2和DON的抗体均呈阳性反应。结论合成的T-2、DON全抗原为相应抗体的制备和免疫学方法的建立奠定了基础。     

痰热清在慢阻肺呼吸衰竭患者中的综合应用价值

目的:探讨痰热清在慢阻肺呼吸衰竭患者中的综合应用价值.方法:选取本院进行诊治的54例慢阻肺呼吸衰竭患者为研究对象,将其随机分为对照组(常规慢阻肺呼吸衰竭治疗组)27例和观察组(常规治疗加痰热清组)27例,然后将两组治疗前后不同时间的氧代谢参数、甲襞微循环指标及炎性介质指标进行比较.结果:观察组治疗后不同时间的氧代谢参数、甲襞微循环指标及炎性介质指标均明显优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:痰热清在慢阻肺呼吸衰竭患者中的综合应用价值较高,对于此类患者的氧供、微循环及炎性应激状态均有显著的改善作用.     

基于开源内容管理系统Drupal的医院护理学学科平台建设

针对医院护理人员知识层次较低、工作强度大、碎片时间多和信息素养低的特征,结合医院图书馆的服务现状,建立了借助开源软件Drupal的护理学学科信息服务平台。通过整合医院图书馆现有馆藏资源,包括纸质、电子文献资源及网络资源等,为护理人员提供文献资源推送、标签云揭示、个性化定制等Web2.0信息服务;充分利用护理人员的碎片时间,提高护理人员信息素养及科研能力,进而最大化利用图书馆资源;探索了Web2.0环境下医院图书馆的新型服务模式。     

合并神经损害的危重型手足口病患儿临床特征及预后分析

目的:分析合并神经损害的危重型手足口病的临床特征及预后影响因素,为临床诊治和早期康复提供依据。方法:收集58例合并神经损害的危重型手足口病患儿的临床资料,进行汇总分析。对存活的42例患儿进行随访。结果:58例患儿中,脑干脑炎42例(72.4%);急性弛缓性麻痹13例(22.4%),其中脑脊髓炎8例,类脊髓灰质炎综合征5例;脑炎3例(5.2%)。随访到的42例患儿中,康复30例,有后遗症12例(28.6%);肺出血、腱反射减弱和肌力0级是影响神经预后的主要危险因素。结论:危重型手足口病患儿的神经系统损害以脑干脑炎和急性弛缓性麻痹为主,其后遗症的发生率高;合并肺出血、腱反射减弱和肌力0级的患儿预后差。     

类风湿性关节炎患者铁调素的检测意义

目的检测类风湿性关节炎(RA)患者血清铁调素(Hepc)水平的变化,并探讨其临床意义。方法2012年8月—2014年2月接受治疗的RA患者72例作为病例组,选取正常体检人群54例作为健康对照组。以Hepc的血清水平(5.86 ng/ml)为界限将RA组分为正常亚组和升高亚组。比较2组受试者的炎性因子、血红蛋白(Hb)、Hepc水平和疾病活动性评分(DAS28),并探讨RA患者血清Hepc水平与患者临床指标间的相关性。结果 RA组患者的CRP、TNF-α、IL-6、Hb和Hepc的水平均显著高于健康对照组,差异具有统计学意义(t=6.445、3.293、3.910、2.874,8.572,P均<0.01);Hepc正常亚组患者的DAS28评分、IL-6水平均显著低于Hepc升高亚组(t=3.142、4.420,P均<0.01);RA组患者的Hepc水平与DAS28、类风湿因子(RF)、IL-6水平呈线性正相关关系(r=0.288,P<0.01;r=0.271,P=0.01;r=0.301,P=0.02)。结论 Hepc与RA患者的机体炎性状况、疾病活动程度有着明显的相关性。     

大连市西岗区托幼儿童眼屈光异常与弱视调查分析

[摘要]　目的　了解大连市西岗区托幼儿童的眼屈光状态,及早发现屈光异常和弱视并进行干预治疗。　方法　采用美国伟伦SURESIGHT筛查仪对该区幼儿园5597名儿童进行屈光度检测,按年龄分为3组(<3岁组,≥3岁且<5岁组和5~6岁组)。调查各年龄组近视、远视及散光分布情况,应用卡方检验对结果进行分析。统计不同程度、类型散光与弱视程度的关系,采用Spearman相关分析及Kruskal Wallis检验对结果进行分析。　结果　不同年龄组近视眼患病率随年龄增加而增加（χ 2=19.968,P<0.001）,远视眼患病率随年龄增加而降低（χ 2=34.171,P<0.001）。散光程度和弱视程度呈显著正相关（Spearman r=0.804,P<0.001）,其中混合散光所致弱视严重程度最高。　结论　早期对学龄前儿童进行屈光检测,对弱视眼的发生、发展进行早期干预和治疗至关重要。     

鹌鹑高尿酸血症动物模型脂代谢研究

目的 研究鹌鹑高尿酸血症动物模型及脂代谢。方法 采用高脂饲养鹌鹑30 d后,灌胃给予腺嘌呤(50 mg/只),连续7 d,建立鹌鹑高尿酸血症模型,观察22 d后,取血检测血尿酸、黄嘌呤氧化酶、肌酐(CRE)、尿素氮(BUN)、甘油三脂(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、总胆固醇(CHO)、黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)、肝脂酶(HL)、脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)、腺苷脱氢酶(ADA)脂质代谢指标,取关节和肾脏进行组织病理学检查。结果 模型对照组动物血尿酸均明显升高(P<0.01),CRE、BUN、TG、LDL、XOD均有明显升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),血清CHO、LPL、ADA、HDL含量明显降低(P<0.05)。造模后动物足趾关节明显肿大,周围软组织肿胀。X光显示足趾骨密度减低,部分关节面破坏呈溶骨性破坏。病理学检查可见关节滑膜增生,有大量炎症细胞浸润,部分被纤维结缔组织替代,肾脏组织肾小管及间质可见尿酸盐结晶,部分小管轻度扩张,肾间质纤维增生,并伴有大量炎症细胞浸润。结论 该模型具有关节肿大、肾脏尿酸盐沉积等肾脏损伤,且伴有脂代谢紊乱,其病理机制与XOD、ADA相关脂代谢酶活性有关。