筋骨活血汤治疗骨折急性疼痛患者的疗效及对炎性反应递质水平的影响

目的:探讨筋骨活血汤治疗骨折急性疼痛患者的疗效及对炎性反应递质水平的影响。方法:选取2015年4月至2018年5月琼海市中医院收治的骨折急性疼痛患者128例作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组64例。入院后2组患者均进行相应的外科手术治疗,术后对照组采用布洛芬治疗,观察组采用筋骨活血汤治疗,2组均连续治疗4周。比较2组患者治疗后临床疗效,治疗前后中医症状改善情况,致痛因子水平,炎性反应递质水平及休息时、活动时、按压时疼痛程度。结果:治疗后观察组总有效率为93. 75%,明显高于对照组的81. 25%,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05)。与治疗前比较,治疗后2组患者肿胀、红肿、疼痛、活动障碍评分均明显降低,且观察组明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05)。与治疗前比较,治疗后2组患者休息时、活动时及按压时视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分均明显降低,且观察组明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05)。与治疗前比较,治疗后2组患者血浆前列腺素E2(PGE2)、缓激肽(BME)及血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平均明显降低,且观察组明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05)。结论:筋骨活血汤可降低骨折急性疼痛患者炎性反应递质水平,减轻肿胀、红肿等症状,缓解疼痛,改善骨折部位活动障碍,临床疗效优于布洛芬。     

Dolichos falcata Klein attenuated the inflammation induced by monosodium urate crystals in vivo and in vitro

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Dolichos falcata Klein (DF), a Chinese Dai ethnic medicine popularly known as “Tuoyeteng” in Yunnan province of China, has been widely used as a traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of fracture and beriberoid disease for a long time in China. The present study was carried out to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity and the bioactive chemical constituents of DF, and further to assess its possible mechanism on gouty arthritis in an animal model of the MSU crystals-induced gouty inflammation.

Materials and methods

The ethanol extract (EE) of DF at the doses of 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg was administered to the rats treated with MSU crystals to evaluate the anti-gouty arthritis effect. Subsequently, the components of EE were isolated and identified using classical methods. Phyto-chemical analysis of EE was further carried out by HPLC–DAD. Finally, the anti-inflammatory effect of EE and two isolated components were assessed using the MSU crystals-treated monocyte/macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 in vitro.

Results

EE (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg) significantly attenuated the pain threshold value, the joint swelling degree, the inflammatory cell infiltration of articular tissue and the increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in MSU crystals-treated rats. Moreover, doliroside A (DA) and medicagenic acid-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (MG) were isolated and identified from EE. The major components of EE, including DA, MG and other triterpenoids, were well confirmed by HPLC. A further study revealed that EE, DA and MG (10, 20, 40 μg/mL) exhibited stronger inhibitory effects on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (including interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α) in MSU crystals-treated RAW 264.7 cells.

Conclusion

These findings indicate that the major triterpenoids present in DF have a remarkable effect on improving symptoms of acute gouty arthritis induced by MSU crystals through inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.     

番茄红素对环孢素所致大鼠肾毒性的保护作用

目的:研究番茄红素(lycopene,LP)对环孢素(cyclosporine,CsA)所致肾功能衰竭的保护作用及机制。方法:雄性SD大鼠po给予溶媒或LP(10mg/kg)6d后,再联合给予0.9%氯化钠注射液或CsA(50mg/kg)14d,观察大鼠肾功能与肾脏组织的结构改变。结果:连续14d给予CsA可致大鼠体重下降,血清肌酐(creatinine,Crea)和尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen,BUN)水平显著升高、肌酐清除率(creatinine clearance,Ccr)和肾脏抗氧化活性下降,肾脏组织出现大量细胞排列紊乱和小管萎缩。提前给予LP可以有效增加肾脏抗氧化能力,逆转CsA所致的大鼠体重下降和肾功能衰竭,降低大鼠血清Crea和BUN而提高体内Ccr;组织病理学检测也证实LP可有效的拮抗CsA引起的肾小管变性萎缩。结论:LP能有效拮抗CsA所致的大鼠肾功能衰竭,其作用与LP可以增强CsA大鼠抗氧化能力有关。     

补肾中药对Colles’骨折患者前臂骨量的影响

目的：研究Colles'骨折的绝经后骨质疏松妇女的骨量丢失情况及补肾中药对其的影响。方法：45名腰椎骨量降低且伴有新鲜Colles'骨折的绝经后妇女随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组给服补肾中药和钙剂,对照组单纯服用钙剂,为期一年。在治疗开始时及其后3、6和12月时测量患肢前臂骨密度。结果：对照组前臂桡骨远端、中远1/3段和中段骨密度在治疗开始3、6月时明显降低（P＜0.05),桡骨中远1/3段骨密度在12月时仍低于治疗开始时（P＜0.05)。而治疗组前臂桡骨中远1/3段和中段骨密度维持不变,其桡骨远端骨密度在3、6和12月时较治疗开始时均明显上升（P＜0.05)。结论：Colles'骨折后桡骨骨量明显减少,补肾中药可阻止这种骨量丢失。     

Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative activities of Taxillus sutchuenensis

Inflammation is related to several chronic diseases, including cancer and atherosclerosis. Taxillus sutchuenensis (Lecomte) Danser is a special folk medicinal plant in Taiwan. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative activities of the aqueous-thanol extract from T. sutchuenensis (AETS) and its fractions. TEAC, DPPH radicals, total phenolic compounds, total flavonoid content, inhibition of NO production in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells, and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation were tested. Among all fractions, the ethyl-acetate (EA) fraction showed the highest TEAC and DPPH radical scavenging activities. The EA fraction also had the highest polyphenol and flavonoid content. The EA fractions also decreased LPS-induced NO production and the expression of iNOS and COX-2 in RAW264.7 cells. The antiproliferative activities of the aqueous/ethanol extract and fractions were studied in vitro using A549 cells, and the results were consistent with their antioxidant capacities. EA fractions had the highest antiproliferative activity with an IC(50) of 454.38 ± 1.48 μg/ml. Quercetin also had antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative activities. Quercetin might be an important bioactive compound in T. sutchuenensis. The experimental data indicated that T. sutchuenensis is a potent antioxidant medicinal plant, and such efficacy may be mainly attributed to its polyphenolic compounds.     

服务性学习模式在皮肤科临床护理教学中的应用

目的 探讨服务性学习模式在皮肤科临床护理教学中的应用效果.方法 将皮肤科156 名护理实习生随机分为2 组,76 名采用传统临床护理带教方法为对照组,80 名采用服务性学习教学方法为实验组,进出科时进行考核,比较分析2 组护理实习生专科理论知识、专科操作、临床小讲课成绩.结果 2 组实习护生入科考试成绩比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),出科考核时实验组护理实习学生的专科理论知识、专科操作、临床小讲课成绩高于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 通过服务性学习,能显著提高实习护生专科理论知识和专科操作水平及临床小讲课能力.     

Pharmacodynamic Study and Active Ingredient of Endophyte in Medicinal Plants

查阅国内外近年相关文献,对药用植物内生菌代谢产物的种类及药效进行分析总结,概述药用植物内生菌的活性成分和药效学研究现状,提出药用植物内生菌可产生多种活性成分和药理作用,此项研究对于解决药用植物资源匮乏和发现新成分、新疗效具有重要价值.     

黄连素对人胃癌细胞SGC7901凋亡影响的研究

目的:探讨黄连素对人胃癌细胞SGC7901凋亡的影响。方法:MTS法检测不同浓度的黄连素(100、150、200μmol/L)对胃癌细胞的抑制作用,Hoechst 33258染色检测不同浓度的黄连素(100、150、200μmol/L)对细胞凋亡的影响;Real Time Q-PCR检测胃癌细胞中Cleaved Caspase-3、Bcl-2、Bax的mRNA表达;Western blot检测胃癌细胞中Cleaved Caspase-3、Bcl-2、Bax的蛋白表达。结果:不同浓度的黄连素能显著降低人胃癌细胞SGC701活性(P<0.05,P<0.01),促进其凋亡,升高Cleaved Caspase-3、Bax的mRNA和蛋白表达水平(P<0.05,P<0.01),降低Bcl-2的mRNA和蛋白表达水平(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:不同浓度的黄连素可诱导胃癌细胞凋亡,其机制可能与升高Cleaved Caspase-3、Bax的表达,降低Bcl-2的表达有关。     

改良体位联合中医护理对PICC置管治疗妇科肿瘤患者满意率及依从性的影响

目的：探究改良体位和中医护理对经外周静脉穿刺中心静脉置管（PICC）治疗妇科肿瘤患者满意率及依从性的影响情况。方法：将 85 例 PICC 置管治疗妇科肿瘤患者,依据随机数字表法分为 2 组,对照组 42 例予以 PICC 置管治疗常规护理;观察组 43 例在对照组的基础上予以改良体位和中医护理。对比 2 组患者护理后护理质量、满意率、依从性以及并发症发生情况和生活质量。结果：观察组护理后,人员素质、病情观察、健康指导、服务态度、服务项目以及护理满意率优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。观察组护理后在遵医嘱用药、注意饮食、合理运动、自我检测方面的依从性高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。观察组护理后并发症发生率、生活质量评分优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：改良体位联合中医护理可以有效提高 PICC 置管治疗妇科肿瘤患者的满意率和依从性,降低 PICC 置管治疗的并发症发生率,改善生活质量。     

大孔吸附树脂纯化胡芦巴提取物中4-羟基异亮氨酸的研究

目的：优选出纯化胡芦巴提取物中4-羟基异亮氨酸的大孔树脂,并确定相应的最佳工艺条件。方法：以胡芦巴提取物中4-羟基异亮氨酸含量为评价指标,采用柱前衍生-高效液相色谱法检测24种型号大孔树脂静态吸附试验前后4-羟基异亮氨酸（4-HIL）含量变化来考察其纯化效果。结果：24种型号大孔树脂对4-HIL吸附容量均很低,但ADS-5型大孔树脂可用于胡芦巴提取物中4-HIL初步纯化,最佳工艺条件为采用ADS-5型大孔树脂,上样液浓度为0.04g?mL^-1,上样量为60mL,上样流速为2BV?h^-1,收集续滤液蒸干可得。结论：ADS-5大孔树脂可用于其初步除杂。