毛茛致刺激性接触性皮炎一例

患者,女,76岁。腰背部、臀部、大腿接触捣碎的毛茛后出现红斑、水疱、糜烂、渗液伴疼痛4天。诊断：刺激性接触性皮炎。停用接触致敏物,口服依巴斯汀、盐酸左西替利嗪片,静脉滴注甲泼尼龙60 mg,每日一次,19天后皮损基本消失。     

基于VIBE-Dixon技术的女性腰椎脂肪测量及其与骨密度的相关性

目的应用磁共振脂肪定量技术评估女性腰椎骨质疏松程度与骨密度(BMD)的相关性。方法将121名健康女性研究对象按年龄分为21～30岁组(n=17)、31～40岁组(n=11)、41～50岁组(n=24)、51～60岁组(n=63)、61～70岁组(n=6)。以DXA测量L_1-L_4椎体骨密度,以VIBE-Dixon技术测量L1-L4椎体骨髓脂肪分数。比较不同组间骨髓脂肪分数差异,同时分别对骨髓脂肪分数与BMD、年龄进行相关性分析。另外,分别对BMD、骨髓脂肪分数与绝经年限做相关性分析。结果组间差异有统计学意义(F值:14.541,P0.001)。骨髓脂肪分数与年龄之间存在相关性(r=0.659,P0.001);骨密度随脂肪分数上升呈下降趋势;随绝经年限的延长,BMD呈下降趋势,骨髓脂肪分数呈上升趋势。结论 VIBE-Dixon能定量测量妇女腰椎椎体脂肪含量,可间接评估骨质疏松程度;与DXA的结果具有相关性。     

Duodenal perforations after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: experience and management

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to summary the experiences and lessons from periduodenal perforations related to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST). Methods: A retrospective review from 2004 to 2007 identified 9 patients (0.37%) of periduodenal perforation related to ERCP/EST. Charts were reviewed for the following parameters: clinical presentation of patients, ERCP findings, diagnostic methods, treatment (surgical or conservative procedures), complications, and outcome. Results: Nine patients who had periampullary perforations received ERCP/EST for common bile duct stones. Cannulation was considered difficult in 7 of 9 patients, and the precut technique was used. The diagnosis was made due to subcutaneous emphysema or peritonitis, and 3 patients received emergent operations (e.g., external biliary or retroperitoneal drainage), and 1 patient had a reoperation for a retroperitoneal sealed abscess. Their median length of hospital stay was 50 days. The other 6 were treated conservatively with nasal-duodenal and nasal-biliary drainage. Their median length of hospital stay was 13 days. There was no mortality. Conclusions: The precut technical may be a risk factor of duodenal perforation. Early diagnosis of duodenal perforation is essential for an optimum outcome, and subcutaneous emphysema may be a sensitive sign. Although the management of perforation after ERCP/EST is still controversial, a selective management is proposed, based on the features of classification type. Nevertheless, duodenal and biliary drainage is essential in both surgical and conservative therapy.     

肿瘤介入病房护理风险预案的制定及实施效果评价

目的 探讨护理风险预案的制定与实施在肿瘤介入病房中的作用.方法 总结肿瘤介入病房2008年3月至2009年12月的临床管理经验,结合文献资料分析,制定适合肿瘤介入病房的护理风险预案并实施,并比较实施前后护理质量综合考评、患者满意度、不良事件发生率,评价实施效果.结果 护理风险预案实施后,肿瘤介入病房护理质量综合考评在全院55个护理单元排名从(28.3±3.0)名上升至(5.9±1.2)名;患者满意率从(93.2±1.0)％上升至(98.5±0.4)％;不良事件发生率下降.结论 制定与实施护理风险预案,是肿瘤介入病房安全规范化管理的有效方法.     

Arthroscopic findings in the recurrent anterior instability of the shoulder

Background

A recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation consists of a variety of lesion types.

Objectives

To evaluate the pathological classification of recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder joint under arthroscopy.

Methods

Thirty-one patients with recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation were inspected by arthroscopy, including 23 males and 8 females, with a mean age of 35.1 (18–46) years. The patients were divided into two groups: 17 with shoulder dislocation and hyper-laxity (the hyper-laxity group) and 14 with only traumatic shoulder dislocation (the trauma group). All the patients were assessed by arthroscopy for pathological changes, and the differences in the pathological changes were compared between the two groups.

Results

All these 31 patients suffered from anteroinferior labrum injury. Twenty-five had Hill–Sachs injury; 27, bone or cartilage injury of anteroinferior glenoid; 16, SLAP injury; and 5, rotator cuff injury. Bankart injury occurred more in the trauma group, and anterior labroligamentous periosteal sleeve avulsion injury and glenolabral articular disruption injury were more in the hyper-laxity group. Bone or cartilage injury of anteroinferior glenoid was more noticed in the trauma group.

Conclusions

Significant differences are found under arthroscopy in the pathological changes of recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation between the purely traumatic group and the hyper-laxity group. The pathological changes in the trauma group were more severe than in the hyper-laxity group.     

膝关节内侧半月板后根部MRI解剖及撕裂表现

目的研究正常人膝关节内侧半月板后根部的MRI影像解剖,并探讨内侧半月板后根部撕裂的MRI表现。方法应用1.5T磁共振成像系统对20名正常人40例膝关节进行内侧半月板后根部MRI检查,观察总结内侧半月板后根部的正常形态、信号、走行及附着点位置,搜集16例经关节镜证实的内侧半月板后根部撕裂的MRI资料,分析其MRI表现。结果 20名40例膝关节内侧半月板后根部可清晰显示,冠状位呈较低信号,矢状位及横轴位可见梳状表现,附着于内侧髁间隆起后方、后交叉韧带下止点的前内侧。16例内侧半月板后根部撕裂中,MRI全部诊断正确,冠状位中14例显示裂隙征,矢状位中13例显示鬼影征,横轴位中6例显示钝圆征,5例显示裂隙征,5例诊断不明确。结论 MRI可以清晰显示内侧半月板后根部正常形态、信号及附着位置,且可以准确诊断内侧半月板后根部撕裂,是诊断内侧半月板后根部撕裂的较好手段。     

病毒性脑炎的头颅MRI表现

目的 研究头颅核磁共振（ＭＲＩ）对病毒性脑炎的早期诊断价值。方法 观察１０例病毒性脑炎患者头颅ＣＴ、ＭＲＩ表现,其中８例增强扫描。５例行快速液体衰减反转回复（ＦＬＡＩＲ）检查。结果 头颅ＭＲＩ较ＣＴ发现更多病灶,其病灶多不增强,ＦＬＡＩＲ技术可以更清发现病灶,其中单纯疱疹病毒性脑炎的ＭＲＩ更有其特征性表现。结论 头颅ＭＲＩ有助于病毒性脑炎的早期诊断同。     

面肌痉挛微血管减压术的远期疗效分析

目的探讨影响微血管减压术治疗面肌痉挛远期疗效的因素及提高疗效的方法。方法分析253例随访13～144个月(平均73个月)的资料。结果痉挛消失232例(91.7%),痉挛部分缓解10例(4%),痉挛复发11例(4.3%)。痉挛复发者再手术时发现遗漏压迫血管、减压材料移动是造成手术失败及复发的原因。结论采用微血管减压术治疗面肌痉挛,不遗漏面神经根附近的责任血管,是提高远期疗效的重要环节。     

乙状窦后入路微血管减压术治疗面肌痉挛

介绍微血管减压术治疗面肌痉挛的体会和注意事项。方法采用乙状窦后入路,用涤纶片行面神经根微血管减压术治疗。结果２８３例面肌痉挛手术病人,有 率为９８．２３％。结论微血管减压术治疗面肌痉挛,是一种解除病因的治疗方法,治愈率高,复发率低。     

危重症患者导尿管留置与拔除情况调查分析

目的 了解危重症患者导尿管留置与拔除情况,为规范危重症患者导尿管的管理提供参考.方法 2018年1月1日至2020年1月1日,采用便利抽样法选取收治于郑州市某三级甲等医院3个重症监护病区的患者作为调查对象.通过医院重症监护信息系统,了解患者导尿管留置和拔除情况,并采用倾向性匹配分析延迟拔除导尿管对危重症患者ICU住院时...