中西医结合护理对Hp 相关性消化性溃疡证候改善的影响

目的:探讨中西医结合护理对幽门螺杆菌(Hp)相关性消化性溃疡的证候改善及预后的影响。方法:将82例Hp相关性消化性溃疡患者作为研究对象,按照随机单双数法将所有患者分为研究组和对照组各41例。对照组给予常规护理,研究组给予中西医结合护理。护理4周后,观察对比2组护理前后中医证候评分、生活质量及患者对护理满意度。结果:护理后,2组中医证候总评分均降低,且研究组较对照组低(P0.05)。研究组生活质量评分明显高于对照组(P0.05)。研究组满意度高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:中西医结合护理对Hp相关性消化性溃疡患者的护理效果满意,可促进患者中医证候的有效改善。     

鼻敏宁颗粒对变应性鼻炎大鼠行为及鼻黏膜组织形态的影响

目的:探讨鼻敏宁颗粒对变应性鼻炎(AR)大鼠行为以及鼻黏膜组织形态的影响.方法:将60只大鼠随机分成6组,即空白对照组,模型组,辛芩颗粒对照组(阳性对照组),鼻敏宁颗粒高、中、低剂量组(简称为高、中、低剂量组),每组各10只.造模成功后于局部激发第5次当日开始干预,高、中、低剂量组分别灌服2、1、0.5g/kg的鼻敏宁颗粒,阳性对照组给予5 g/kg的辛芩颗粒,空白对照组与模型组灌服同等容积的0.9％氯化钠注射液,连续干预7 d.观察大鼠行为以及鼻黏膜组织病理学变化.结果:干预后高、中、低剂量组与阳性对照组均能降低大鼠的分泌量、喷嚏及搔鼻评分,与干预前比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);干预后高剂量组与低、中剂量组及阳性对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).组织病理学结果显示,鼻敏宁颗粒各剂量组黏膜炎症浸润明显比模型组轻.结论:鼻敏宁颗粒可改善AR大鼠模型的过敏性行为,降低AR大鼠模型鼻黏膜的炎性反应.     

PCPA致大鼠NG2细胞的变化,NG2与GABA的共存关系及酸枣仁汤的干预作用研究

目的:探讨大鼠脑内五羟色胺(5-HT)含量下降后皮质部分NG2细胞的变化,NG2细胞与星形胶质细胞(Ast)、γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)的共存关系及酸枣仁汤的干预作用.方法:根据随机数字表法将雄性SD大鼠分为7d正常组、7d对照组、7d对氯苯丙氨酸(PCPA)组、15 d正常组、15 d对照组、15 d PCPA组、酸枣仁汤(SZRD)组、PCPA+SZRD组,各组大鼠给予相应处理.取大脑皮质前额叶,采取免疫荧光双染法测定大鼠皮质NG2细胞、胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)、GABA的表达量及NG2/GFAP、NG2/GABA共存定位情况.结果:与7d对照组比较,7 d PCPA组大鼠皮质NG2细胞、GFAP蛋白表达量增加(P＜0.01),GABA蛋白表达量下降(P＜0.05);与15 d PCPA组比较,PCPA+SZRD组大鼠皮质NG2细胞、GFAP蛋白表达量下降(P＜0.01),GABA表达量上升(P＜0.05);NG2细胞与GABA在同一区域表达较多,而与GFAP在同一区域表达较少.结论:5-HT系统的失调能激活皮质NG2细胞、Ast,抑制GABA的表达,NG2细胞可能与Ast、GABA共同影响大脑皮层兴奋性来调节睡眠,酸枣仁汤可能通过5-HT系统调控NG2细胞、Ast、GABA来参与皮层活动的神经调节.     

Thermal Stability and Decomposition Kinetics of 1-Alkyl-2,3-Dimethylimidazolium Nitrate Ionic Liquids: TGA and DFT Study

The thermal stability and decomposition kinetics analysis of 1-alkyl-2,3-dimethylimidazole nitrate ionic liquids with different alkyl chains (ethyl, butyl, hexyl, octyl and decyl) were investigated by using isothermal and nonisothermal thermogravimetric analysis combined with thermoanalytical kinetics calculations (Kissinger, Friedman and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Isothermal experiments were performed in a nitrogen atmosphere at 240, 250, 260 and 270 °C. In addition, the nonisothermal experiments were carried out in nitrogen and air atmospheres from 30 to 600 °C with heating rates of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 °C/min. The results of two heating modes, three activation energy calculations and density functional theory calculations consistently showed that the thermal stability of 1-alkyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium nitrate ionic liquids decreases with the increasing length of the alkyl chain of the substituent on the cation, and then the thermal hazard increases. This study could provide some guidance for the safety design and use of imidazolium nitrate ionic liquids for engineering.     

Plasma metabolic profiling analysis of Cortex Periplocae-induced cardiotoxicity based on UPLC/Q-TOF-MS

Cortex Periplocae is a well-known form of traditional medicine with its unique cardiotonic action, anti-tumor activity and immune regulation effect. However, improper use of Cortex Periplocae often leads to cardiac toxicity, which in the most severe cases can even be life-threatening. Biochemical tests and histopathological examinations are primary methods for clinical trials. However, such approaches are time-consuming, lack specificity and have low sensitivity, which can easily lead to negative results in studies. Therefore, a more scientific and systematic evaluation of Cortex Periplocae cardiotoxicity is particularly important. In this study, we established a method that combines metabonomics with trend analysis of a gavage concentration series to find cardiac toxicity biomarkers of Cortex Periplocae. We created rat cardiotoxicity models, in which the toxicity was caused by Cortex Periplocae. We collected data from rat plasma samples based on metabonomics using ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS). Multiple statistical analyses, such as principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), were used to examine metabolite profile changes in plasma samples to screen potential cardiotoxicity biomarkers and metabolic pathways. Compared with the control group, after 7 days administration, the pathological sections showed cardiac toxicity. Moreover, some metabolites in the body changed significantly. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis showed that there are 11 metabolites related with cardiac toxicity, which play a role in “phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis”; “phenylalanine metabolism”; “valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis”; “glycerophospholipid metabolism” as well as “pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis”. These metabolites can better explain the cardiotoxicity mechanism of Cortex Periplocae and provide a scientific and systematic method to evaluate the cardiotoxicity of Cortex Periplocae.

The experimental design flow for screening the cardiotoxicity biomarkers induced by Cortex Periplocae.     

健康信念与家庭功能对老年糖尿病视网膜病变患者血糖控制的影响

目的探讨健康信念与家庭功能对老年糖尿病视网膜病变患者血糖控制的影响。 方法以2019年1月至2020年12月四川省南充市中心医院收治的144例老年糖尿病视网膜病变患者为研究对象,根据患者入院时的血清糖化血红蛋白（HbA1C）水平分为A组（HbA1C≤7.0%,45例）、B组（7.0%9.0%,43例）。采用Champion健康信念（CHBM）和家庭功能评定（FAD）量表分别评估患者的健康信念和家庭功能。采用方差分析比较3组患者的CHBM、FAD量表评分,采用Spearman相关性分析法分析各量表评分与血清HbA1C水平的相关性。 结果3组患者CHBM量表的6个维度评分的差异均有统计学意义（F=58.644、111.271、50.539、54.831、35.638、97.718,P<0.01）,其中A组6个维度的评分均明显高于B组和C组（P<0.05）,B组6个维度的评分均明显高于C组（P<0.05）。3组患者FAD量表的7个维度评分的差异均有统计学意义（F=315.779、80.880、58.189、51.044、59.501、77.473、46.086,P<0.01）,其中A组7个维度的评分均明显低于B组和C组（P<0.05）,B组除情感反应外其他6个维度的评分均明显高于C组（P<0.05）。CHBM量表中严重性、益处、健康动力、自我效能的评分均与HbA1C水平呈正相关（r=0.393、0.684、0.463、0.725,P<0.05）;FAD量表中解决、沟通、情感介入、行为控制、总的功能的评分均与HbA1C水平呈负相关（r=-0.453、-0.548、-0.784、-0.774、-0.658,P<0.05）。 结论老年糖尿病视网膜病变患者的病情控制与患者的健康信念和家庭功能相关,临床对患者及其家属进行针对性的健康教育,提高患者及家属的健康信念,可能有助于改善患者的病情。     

影响护士有效实施健康教育的因素及对策

护理健康教育的效果受多种因素的制约,护士认知水平、教育态度、整体素养、有效沟通时间及管理者对健康教育的重视程度等直接影响护理健康教育的实际效果,提高管理者对护理健康教育的重视、提高健康教育软硬件投资、合理配置护理人力资源、加强护士健康教育相关知识及技能培训、拓展护理健康教育研究方向,以此来加快我国护理健康教育发展速度,保证护理健康教育的有效实施。     

PM2.5通过上调颗粒酶B促进IL-18表达加重肺部炎症

目的颗粒酶B促进组织炎症的作用日益引起重视,但其在PM_2.5导致的肺部炎症中是否发挥作用还不清楚,本文对在PM_2.5导致的肺部炎症中颗粒酶B的作用进行了研究。 方法第一步构建经气管滴注PM_2.5混悬液诱导大鼠肺部炎症的动物模型,实验分组为PBS组、PM_2.5(2 mg/kg)组、PM_2.5(6 mg/kg)组、PM_2.5(18 mg/kg)组。通过设置PM_2.5滴注剂量梯度,检测不同PM_2.5暴露剂量下大鼠肺组织颗粒酶B表达、病理和炎症评分,以探讨颗粒酶B表达水平与肺部炎症严重程度间有无相关性。第二步通过阻断颗粒酶B,探究在PM_2.5导致的肺部炎症中颗粒酶B是否发挥促进作用。第三步通过阻断IL-18,探究在PM_2.5导致的肺部炎症中颗粒酶B是否通过IL-18发挥作用。 结果随着PM_2.5滴注剂量升高,肺组织颗粒酶B表达增加,肺组织病理切片炎症细胞浸润和肺水肿程度加重,炎症评分增加,PM_2.5促进了肺组织颗粒酶B表达和肺部炎症;阻断颗粒酶B抑制了IL-18表达和NF-κB磷酸化,改善了PM_2.5导致的肺部炎症;阻断IL-18抑制了NF-κB磷酸化,改善了PM_2.5导致的肺部炎症。 结论PM_2.5通过上调颗粒酶B促进IL-18表达加重肺部炎症,其机制可能与激活NF-κB信号通路有关。     

Optimal design of an antireflection coating structure for enhancing the energy-conversion efficiency of a silicon nanostructure solar cell

In this paper, we present our investigation of the optical and electrical characteristics of silicon solar cells using silicon nanowire, silicon nanocone, silicon nanopillar, and silicon nanopillar/silicon nitride structures, which were obtained by the Ag-assisted electroless etching method and ICP etching with extreme ultraviolet lithography. We introduced the formation mechanism for four kinds of solar cells. We simulated the absorption of four structures for different parameters. Furthermore, we also performed current density–voltage (J–V) characterization of the samples with silicon nitride, which exhibited an improvement of the power conversion efficiency (PCE) in contrast to the samples without silicon nitride. It was found that the properties of trapping light for silicon nitride had a prominent impact on the improvement of the PCE in the silicon nanopillar solar cells.

We introduced ICP method for two kinds of Si-cell arrays: silicon nanocones and nanopillars. Silicon nanowire arrays were prepared by the Ag-assisted chemical etching method. We experimentally demonstrated the J–V characterization of three structures.