颌骨造釉细胞瘤64例临床分析

本文对我院１９５４－１９９０年收治的６４例颌骨造釉细胞瘤进行了回顾性分析，未发现１例恶性。特别是我们在长期工作实践中发现肿瘤与周围正常骨质有较明显的分界。遂于１９６３年开始试行颌骨内种瘤出术，至１９９０年６月已经成功地施了１２例，１例因手术时肿物巨大而且合并感染于术后１０年复发外，其余１１例术后随访年６个月－２７年，中位１２年１０个月均无复发。发种手术损伤小，方法简单，无损美容，预后性，特别是对颌     

Brain natriuretic peptide enhances the endothelium-independent cAMP and vasorelaxant responses of calcitonin gene-related peptide in rat aorta

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) causes vasorelaxation in rat aorta involving endothelium/nitric oxide (NO)-dependent elevations of both cAMP and cGMP levels. When endothelium is removed, preincubation with exogenous NO uncovers and potentiates direct (endothelium-independent) cAMP elevations and vasorelaxations caused by CGRP. This enhancing effect of NO potentially involves elevation of cGMP and inhibition of Type III (cGMPinhibitable) phosphodiesterase, causing accumulation of cAMP. However, NO may have other actions. The aim of the present study was to determine if brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), which elevates cGMP levels independent of NO, could enhance cAMP accumulations and vasorelaxations induced by CGRP in rat aortic rings denuded of endothelium. When added separately, neither CGRP (100 nM) nor BNP (10 nM) altered cAMP levels. When added in combination, CGRP (100 nM) and BNP (10 nM) significantly elevated cAMP levels (from control of 0.95 ± 0.08 to 1.53 ± 0.09 pmol/mg protein) at 2 min. BNP (10 nM) elevated cGMP levels 10-fold at 2 min and this response was not altered by co-administration of CGRP (100 nM).Pretreatment with BNP at concentrations as low as 1 nM in endothelium-denuded aortic rings greatly enhanced the direct vasorelaxant effects of CGRP (100 nM) (from control of 0% to 57.6 ± 6.8% relaxation of phenylephrineprecontractions). Our findings indicate that BNP enhances direct (endothelium-independent) cAMP elevations and vasorelaxations caused by CGRP in rat aorta, thus supporting the concept that cGMP inhibits cAMP metabolism and enhances CGRP-induced responses in aortic smooth muscle cells.     

神经肽Y对免疫细胞活性的影响

神经肽Y（NPY）是广泛分布于中枢神经系统和外周神经各部位的神经肽类物质。本实验观察NPY在体外对几种免疫细胞活性的直接作用。结果表明，NPY对小鼠T淋巴细胞丝裂原反应性和NK细胞的杀伤活性均无明显影响（P＞0．05），对巨噬细胞分泌溶菌酶有明显抑制作用（P＜0．05）；而对B淋巴细胞丝裂原反应性则有明显的促进作用（P＜0．05）。上述结果提示，NPY对部分免疫细胞功能的影响因细胞种类而异。     

雌酮对蟾蜍神经—肌接头传递的影响

在蟾蜍离体坐骨神经－缝匠肌制备的肌细胞终板进行细胞内记录，研究了雌酮对神经－肌接头传递的影响。结果表明：雌酮加于浸浴液能增加１０μｇ筒箭毒处理组和１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＭｇＣｌ２处理组制备的终板电位振幅，但前者的增加更显著；雌酮加入浸浴液３０分钟后引起小终板电位的振幅和频率明显增加，但波形不改变，静息膜电位也不改变。这些结果提示，雌酮能增加神经－肌接头传递，且主要通过突触前机理的作用。     

Apolipoprotein E—associated risk for Alzheimer's disease in the African-American population is genotype dependent

As a part of our ongoing study on Alzheimer's disease (AD) in elderly African Americans, we obtained clinical assessment and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotype data on 288 individuals (including 60 with AD). The ApoE σ4 allele frequency was significantly increased in AD patients compared with controls. The age-adjusted odds ratio (OR) for AD in σ4 homozygotes was 4.83 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.71–13.64) compared with the σ3/σ3 genotype, but the OR for AD with the σ3/σ4 genotype did not reach significance (1.20; 95% CI, 0.58–2.45). These findings suggest that the association between ApoE σ4 and AD is weaker in African Americans than in whites.     

抗淋球菌IgA蛋白酶单克隆抗体特性的初步研究

本文对以重组淋球菌ＩｇＡ蛋白酶为抗原制备的７株特异性ＭｃＡｂ的特性进行了初步研究。结果有５株（１Ｃ８、１Ｅ５、１Ｆ１１、１Ｇ３和２Ｅ６）能中和淋球菌ＩｇＡ蛋白酶活性。经相加试验初步证明，其中１Ｆ１１、２Ｇ３与其它３株ＭｃＡｂ的作用位点不同。因此，淋球菌ＩｇＡ蛋白酶至少存在３个中和表位。     

四叠体池蛛网膜囊肿

目的:探讨四叠体池蛛网膜囊肿的临床特征和治疗方法。方法:对11例四叠体池蛛网膜囊肿进行了回顾性总结分析。所采用的手术方法有:①脑室分流手术;②囊肿-腹腔分流术;③囊肿切除;④囊肿切除加囊肿-脑池分流术,或囊肿部分切除(即囊肿开窗术),或囊肿切除加脑室-脑池分流术。结果:其主要临床表现以颅内压增高症和中线综合征为主。上述方法中单纯囊肿壁切除只能使部分病人的病情缓解,脑室分流或囊肿切除加脑室分流手术的疗效较好。结论:四叠体区蛛网膜囊肿常合并梗阻性脑积水,单纯囊肿切除不能解除多数病人的梗阻性脑积水。作者根据囊肿是否与蛛网膜下腔相通提出:对交通性蛛网膜囊肿采用单纯性脑室分流术,对非交通性者采用囊肿切除加脑室分流手术的治疗方法。     

美沙酮联用丁丙诺啡对海洛因依赖重度药瘾戒毒治疗临床研究

目的　探索对海洛因依赖重度药瘾较理想的戒毒治疗方法。　　方法　采用美沙酮与丁丙诺啡联合用药方案 ,对海洛因依赖重度药瘾 41例行戒毒治疗 ,1 2天为一疗程 ,并与单用美沙酮组 2 0例进行比较。　　结果　联合用药组控制症状较彻底 ,鸦片类药物戒断症状量表 (OWS)总分平稳下降 ,症状波动小 ,减药顺利 ,两药替换平稳 ,戒毒成功率 73 2 %。　　结论　我们认为美沙酮联用丁丙诺啡是一种值得推荐的戒毒治疗方法。