军医大学生专业兴趣对学习的影响

目的调查军医大学生专业兴趣对其学习的影响。方法使用自制量表,比较某军医大学所有在校学员专业感兴趣程度与其学习态度、学习成绩及对学习成绩的期望值之间的关系。结果对所学专业越感兴趣的军医大学生,其学习态度越刻苦,学习成绩越好,对学习成绩的期望值越高（χ2=102.629、86.455和92.568,P〈0.001）。结论军医大学生的专业兴趣对其学习有正面影响。     

A physiological role for protoporphyrin IX photodynamic action in the rat Harderian gland?

Aims: The lipid‐secreting exocrine Harderian gland contains a large amount of porphyrins (mainly protoporphyrin IX, PPIX) in the glandular cells, the physiological significance of which is rather poorly understood. Methods: In the present study, the possibility of using Fura‐2 to measure intracellular calcium ([Ca²⁺]_c) changes in these cells was assessed. Results: It was found that when Fura‐2‐loaded cells were excited by light at 340/380 nm, [Ca²⁺]_c increased spontaneously, indicating a photodynamic action powered by light at 340/380 nm. In contrast, with the visible spectrum calcium probe Fluo‐3 (λ_ex = 475 nm), carbachol at 10 μm induced [Ca²⁺]_c increase; [Ca²⁺]_c did not change without carbachol stimulation. Brief illumination with light at 340/380 nm induced a large [Ca²⁺]_c increase in Fluo‐3‐loaded cells. Photodynamic stimulation of [Ca²⁺]_c increase was confirmed with an exogenous photosensitizer sulphonated aluminium phthalocyanine (SALPC) and visible light (>580 nm). The wavelength‐dependence of the [Ca²⁺]_c increase correlates well with the excitation spectrum of the isolated Harderian glandular cells. Conclusion: These data suggest that PPIX present in rat Harderian glandular cells plays the role of a photosensitizer which upon activation by UVA and blue components of daylight and subsequent singlet oxygen generation, triggers [Ca²⁺]_c increase and secretory response. The PPIX photodynamic action may also play a potential role in photic entrainment of the central circadian clock.     

SARS患者急性期病情严重程度与康复期免疫功能的关系

目的考察SARS患者发病期病情轻重程度与康复期机体免疫功能受损的关系。方法将患者分为未使用呼吸机组（A）和使用过呼吸机组（B）,通过回顾性分析SAILS患者住院期间和康复期的病例资料,比较两组患者肺部病灶阴影范围和吸收时间、WBC总数及其分类、康复期淋巴T细胞亚群与活化分子等。结果B组的肺部病灶范围在第2周内显著性大于A组,吸收时间也长于A组;A组的WBC总数,中性（N）、淋巴细胞（L）计数和百分数均在正常参考值范围,B组WBC总数、N计数与百分数高于A组,L百分数低于A组;第1次随访B组CD8^＋、CD8^＋／CD28^-、CD3^＋／HLA-DR^＋T细胞显著性高于A组,CD3^-／HLA—DR^＋细胞显著低于A组;第2次随访仅B组CD3^-／HIA—DR^＋细胞仍显著低于A组,其余免疫细胞无统计学差异。结论SAILS患者未使用呼吸机组较使用过呼吸机组肺部病理性损害小,免疫功能基本正常或受损程度很小。     

腰椎4、5间盘纤维环纤维层力学性能的实验研究

测试成人腰椎间盘纤维环纤维层的力学性能。用显微外科技术将纤维环逐层分离,每层纤维平均分成8个测点,每层每测点处按纤维走向切取5个试件,长度l=15~20mm,宽b=1~1.5mm,厚t=0.1~0.5mm。进行拉伸实验测得应力-应变曲线,并给出拟合曲线及方程,得出弹性模量、破坏应变、破坏应力、测点处的力学性能参数和方程。测试结果表明:各测点处,沿径向,由外向内弹性模量皆随层数的增加,不断变小;每层纤维弹性模量由前侧向后侧逐渐变小;破坏应力由外层向内层线性递减;破坏应变外部9层随层数增加略有提高,9层以后基本上为一常数(0.34±0.14)。可见,腰椎间盘纤维环纤维具有特殊的力学性能,与其功能相适应,与腰椎疾病的发生有密切的关系。     

本科大学生自我和谐及其与应对方式的关系

目的 考察本科大学生自我和谐的特征,并进一步探讨其与应对方式之间的关系。方法 采用自我和谐量表（SCCS）及简易应对方式问卷对248名本科大学生进行问卷调查。结果 本科大学生在自我和谐及分量表上不存在性别和专业差异。应对方式与自我和谐总分及其分量表得分存在不同程度的相关。结论 采用消极应对方式对其自我和谐有不利影响,采用积极应对看助于促进本科大学生的自我和谐。     

Manufacturing and morphology structure of polylactide-type microtubules orientation-structured scaffolds

Tissue engineering using scaffold not only should have biodegradability and a certain 3D structure, but also its morphology structure should be mimetic to that of the repaired natural tissue. So to manufacture the scaffold with a biomimetic structure as the natural tissues is important. In this research, highly porous poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffolds with microtubules orientation structure were designed and fabricated by using dioxane as solvent and an improved thermal-induced phase separation (TIPS) technique. All the factors which will affect solvent crystallization and microtubules orientation structure of the scaffold, such as the type of the solvent and polymer, concentration of the polymer solution, and temperature-gradient of the system have been studied carefully. So the porosity, diameter, tubular morphology and orientation of the microtubules could be controlled by adjusting the concentration of the polymer solution and temperature-gradient of the system. The scaffold with diameter of microtubules from 40 to 240microm and high porosity up to 96% could be obtained by adjusting temperature-gradient during the TIPS process. By increasing concentration of the polymer solution the regularity of the microtubular scaffold has been improved and the thickness of wall of the microtubules has been increased as well. In vitro cell culture results show that after the scaffolds have been improved by the ammonia plasma treatment and then collagen anchorage method, the human transparent cartilage cells H144, could be seeded deeply into the microtubules orientation-structured scaffolds and grew well there.     

Tissue-engineered bone repair of goat-femur defects with osteogenically induced bone marrow stromal cells

Tissue engineering can generate bone tissue and has been shown to provide a better means of repairing weight-bearing bone defect. Previous studies, however, have heretofore been limited to the use of nonosteogenically induced bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) or the application of slow-degradation scaffolds. In this study, weight-bearing bone was engineered using osteogenically induced BMSCs. In addition, coral was used as a scaffold material, due to its proper degradation rate for the engineering and repair of a goat femur defect. A 25 mm long defect was created at the middle of the right femur in each of 10 goats. The rates of defect repair were compared in an experimental group of ten goats receiving implants containing osteogenically induced BMSCs and in the control group of goats (n = 10) receiving just coral cylinders. In the experimental group, bony union was observed by radiographic and gross view at 4 months, and engineered bone was further remodeled into newly formed cortexed bone at 8 months. There was increased gray density of radiographic rays in the repaired area, which was significantly different (p < 0.05) from that of the control group. H&E staining demonstrated that trabecular bone was formed at 4 months. Moreover, irregular osteon was observed at 8 months. Most importantly, the tissue-engineered bone segment revealed a similarity to the left-side normal femur in terms of bend load strength and bend rigidity, showing no significant difference (p > 0.05). In contrast, the coral cylinders of the control group showed no bone formation. Furthermore, almost complete resorption of the carrier had occurred, being evident at 2 months in the control group. H&E staining demonstrated that a small amount of residual coral particle was surrounded by fibrous tissue at 4 months whereas the residues disappeared at 8 months. Based on these results, we conclude that engineered bone from osteogenically induced BMSCs and coral can ideally heal critical-sized segmental bone defects in the weight-bearing area of goats.