Changes of collagen type III and decorin in paraurethral connective tissue from women with stress urinary incontinence and prolapse

Thirteen premenopausal women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI), 6 with SUI and prolapse, 9 with prolapse, and 19 without prolapse were enrolled to observe the content change of collagen type III and the expression of decorin mRNA in paraurethral connective tissues. Collagen type III from transvaginal biopsies was assayed by immunohistochemical staining and decorin mRNA was detected by real-time PCR. Premenopausal women with SUI had a significantly decreased level of collagen type III. Decorin mRNA expression was significantly increased in both premenopausal SUI+prolapse group and premenopausal prolapse group reflected by the decrease of ΔCt value compared to their corresponding controls. The results suggest that a high level of decorin mRNA might be associated with the reduced content of collagen type III, resulting in a less flexible form of extracellular matrix in the connective tissue in SUI and prolapse patients. This study was supported by a grant from the Fujian Science and Technology Bureau Foundation (grant no. 2000I1003).     

腹腔镜D3淋巴清扫联合保留盆腔自主神经直肠癌根治术对男性性功能的影响

目的 对比分析腹腔镜和开腹联合保留自主神经的D3直肠癌根治术对男性性功能的影响.方法 采用前瞻性研究的方法,将我院2006年6月至2007年10月入选的男性直肠癌患者119例随机分别进行开腹(OS组59例)和腹腔镜(LS组60例)手术,两组病例均采用联合保留自主神经的D3直肠癌根治术.在术前和术后3、6和12个月,分别采用IIEF问卷对男性性功能进行评价,对比两组病例术后性功能情况.结果 术后3次随访结果显示,LS组性功能障碍总发生率分别为23.3%、18.3%和11.6%,OS组分别为32.2%、27.1%和16.9%;两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 腹腔镜D3淋巴清扫联合保留自主神经的直肠癌根治术能够达到与开腹手术相同的效果.     

下肢动脉缺血性患者假性高压的鉴别及临床意义

Objective To evaluate the diagnosis of and management for pseudo-high blood pressure in patients with lower limb ischemia. Methods From March 2006 to March 2007, 182 cases with lower limb ischemia were admitted, and they were divided into three groups. In group 1 pseudo-high blood pressure did not exist, in group 2, patients had pseudo-high blood pressure with ABI<1.3, in group 3, patients had pseudo-high blood pressure and with ABI≥1.3. ABI and TBI were compared with color Doppler, angiography, MRA and CTA. Results In all those 182 patients, there were 102(56.0%)cases having no pseudo-high blood pressure, and 27.5% with concomitant diabetes. Seventy-two cases(39.6%) had pseudo-high blood pressure (ABI<1.3) with 44.4% having diabetes. Eight cases (4.4%) (ABI≥ 1.3) manifested pseudo-high blood pressure with the ratio concomitant diabetes being 75%. Conclusions In diabetic patients with lower limb's ischemia there is increased ratio of pseudo-high blood pressure.     

Safety of donor in adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation using right lobe graft

BACKGROUND: The growing gap between the number of patients awaiting liver transplantation and available organs has continued to be the primary issue facing the transplant community. To overcome the waiting list mortality, living donor liver transplantation has become an option, in which the greatest concern is the safety of the donor, especially in adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation (A-A LDLT) using a right lobe liver graft. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the safety of donors after right lobe liver donation for A-A LDLT performed in our center. METHODS: From January 2002 to March 2006, 26 patients underwent A-A LDLT using right lobe liver grafts in our center. Seven donors were men and 19 were women (range, 19-65 years; median age, 38 years). The right lobe liver grafts were obtained by transecting the liver on the right side of the middle hepatic vein without interrupting the vascular blood flow. The mean follow-up time for these donors was 9 months. RESULTS: These donor residual liver volumes ranged from 30.5% to 60.3%. We did not experience any donor mortality. Two cases (7.69%) experienced major complications: intra-abdominal bleeding and portal vein thrombosis in one each and three (11.54%), minor ones: wound steatosis in two, and transient chyle leak in one. All donors were fully recovered and returned to their previous occupations. CONCLUSIONS: A-A LDLT using a right lobe liver graft has become a standard option. The donation of right lobe liver for A-A LDLT was a relatively safe procedure in our center.     

A quantitative evaluation of sealing ability of 4 obturation techniques by using a glucose leakage test.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the sealing ability of 4 different obturation techniques by using a glucose leakage test. STUDY DESIGN: Eighty extracted single-rooted maxillary incisors were selected for the study. The teeth were decoronated and the root canals prepared using ProFile rotary instruments to an apical dimension of size 40 (0.06 taper). The specimens were then randomly divided into 4 experimental groups (n = 15) and filled with gutta-percha and sealer by using either cold lateral compaction, warm vertical compaction, Thermafil, or the E & Q Plus system. Another 10 teeth each served as the positive and negative controls. A glucose leakage model was used for quantitative evaluation of the coronal-to-apical microleakage at 24 hours, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, and 12 weeks. RESULTS: No significant difference in the cumulative amount of leakage was found among the 4 groups at 24 hours and 1 week (Kruskal-Wallis test, P > .05). Lateral compaction showed significantly more leakage than the other 3 techniques at longer intervals (Mann-Whitney U test, P < .008). No significant difference was found between vertical compaction, Thermafil, and E & Q Plus at all observation times. CONCLUSIONS: Warm vertical compaction, Thermafil, and the E & Q Plus system showed a better sealing result than cold lateral compaction of gutta-percha at extended observation periods. The glucose leakage method used in this study was able to provide a nondestructive, quantitative, and long-term evaluation of the sealing ability of root canal fillings.     

Long-term outcomes in patients with mucinous, medullary, tubular, and invasive ductal carcinomas after lumpectomy

BACKGROUND: Mucinous, medullary, and tubular carcinomas are uncommon types of breast cancer whose rarity does not permit large single-institution studies or randomized trials to define optimal treatments. In this study, we evaluated the long-term outcomes of breast-conserving therapy (BCT) for these subtypes of breast cancer and compared them with those for invasive ductal carcinoma. METHODS: In our institutional database of patients who received BCT from 1965 to 1999, 1,643 patients with stage I to II mucinous (61), medullary (37), tubular (60), and invasive ductal (1,485) histologies were identified. The clinical and pathologic features of the 4 groups were evaluated and compared with respect to local-regional recurrence rates, disease-free survival, and overall survival (OS). RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were found in the local-regional failure rate among the 4 groups (10.6-year median follow-up). Only patients with tubular carcinoma had better 5- and 10-year OS rates (P = .013). In multivariable analysis, factors associated with improved OS included age at or below 50 years, negative nodal status, use of chemotherapy or hormonal therapy, and tubular histology. CONCLUSIONS: BCT for mucinous, medullary, or tubular carcinoma resulted in similar local-regional failure rates to that for invasive ductal carcinoma. Tubular carcinoma patients had the most favorable OS. BCT is an appropriate treatment strategy for early-stage mucinous, medullary, and tubular carcinomas.     

Proteomic analysis of rat penile tissue in a model of erectile dysfunction after radical prostatectomy

OBJECTIVE: To identify differential protein expression in penile tissue in a rat model of erectile dysfunction (ED) at an early stage after bilateral cavernosal nerve (CN) neurectomy, using proteomic techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two equal groups, one having bilateral CN resection and one a control group. The penises were harvested 7 days after CN resection. Total protein was separated into >1250 protein spots by two-dimensional electrophoresis using pH 3-10 nonlinear immobilized pH gradient strips. Differential expression of proteins was analysed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and database searching. RESULTS: Thirty-two proteins were significantly changed in the denervated penis, of which 25 (including nine up-regulated and 16 down-regulated) with cytoskeletal functions, and pathophysiological functions related to energy metabolism and oxidative stress, were identified. Examples include transgelin, creatine kinase B, annexin-1 and galactin-7. CONCLUSIONS: The expression of several important proteins participating in pathophysiological processes of penile tissue are changed early after bilateral CN neurectomy. These changes might give new insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in neurogenic ED development, and indicate potential therapeutic targets.     

亚临床Cushing综合征的诊断及手术疗效分析

目的对亚临床Cushing综合征临床症状及检测结果进行综合分析,提高亚临床Cushing综合征的诊治水平。方法回顾性分析24例亚临床Cushing综合征患者的临床资料,并对患者手术前后的临床症状、生化指标及激素检测值进行对比分析。结果亚临床Cushing综合征24例,均无典型Cushing综合征的症状及体征。临床表现为高血压17例,血糖升高11例,高脂血症9例,血皮质醇节律消失13例,24h尿游离皮质醇升高9例。小剂量地塞米松抑制试验均未被抑制,大剂量地塞米松抑制试验16例未被抑制。CT检查均发现肾上腺肿瘤,肿瘤位于左侧者10例,位于右侧者14例,肿瘤直径平均为2．8cm。所有患者均行腹腔镜肾上腺肿瘤切除术,病理为肾上腺皮质腺瘤。术后随访时间3个月～5年,其中20例（83．3％）患者术后临床症状、生化指标及激素水平检测较术前有显著改善,8例患者术后需行短期激素替代治疗。结论亚临床Cushing综合征应根据临床症状及检测结果综合分析作出诊断,血皮质醇、24h尿游离皮质醇检测、地塞米松抑制试验及CT检查对亚临床Cushing综合征的诊断有较大价值。手术治疗可改善患者临床症状,降低皮质激素水平,部分患者术后需短期激素替代治疗。对确诊为亚临床Cushing综合征的患者,腹腔镜肾上腺肿瘤切除术应为首选治疗方法。     

地尔硫(艹卓)在非体外循环下冠状动脉搭桥术围术期的心肌保护作用

目的 探讨非体外循环下冠状动脉搭桥术(OPCABG)围术期输注地尔硫(艹卓)对心肌的保护作用.方法 40例择期手术患者,随机分为地尔硫(艹卓)组(D组)与硝酸甘油组(C组),每组20例.D组静脉给予地尔硫(艹卓)0.1 mg·kg-1·h-1至术后24 h,C组常规给予硝酸甘油0.1μg·kg-1·h-1至术后24 h.分别在术毕、术后1、3、6、12和24 h记录血流动力学参数,并采集血样测定血清肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(cTnI).结果 与C组比较,D组的心率术后1、3、6、12、24 h均较慢(P＜0.05).C组房颤4例,D组1例;C组室上性心动过速5例,D组1例.术后6 h的cTnI,D组显著低于C组(P＜0.05).结论 OPCABG围术期持续输注地尔硫(艹卓)有比硝酸甘油更好的抗缺血和抗心律失常的保护作用.     

Complications in the right lobe adult living donor: single-center experience in China

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has been accepted as an established treatment modality for end-stage liver diseases to alleviate the shortage of cadaveric organs. Reported complication rates for right lobe adult living donors vary, but are estimated to be approximately 35% with a surgical mortality rate of approximately 0.3%. Our objective was to evaluate the complications in right lobe adult living donors in a single center. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective review includes 62 adult living donors who underwent right hemi-hepatectomy between January 2002 and December 2006. Eighteen donors were men and 44 were women (range, 18-65 years; median age, 36 years). The mean follow-up time for the donors was 16 months (range, 3 months-4 years). RESULTS: All donors were alive and well at the end of the study period. Complications included pleural effusion (n=6; 9.68%), bile leaks (n=3; 4.84%), wound infection (n=2; 3.23%), pneumonia (n=2; 3.23%), chyle leak (n=1; 1.61%), intra-abdominal bleeding (n=1; 1.61%), subphrenic effusion (n=1; 1.61%), portal vein thrombosis (n=1; 1.61%), and chylothorax (n=1; 1.61%). There was no donor mortality, and the overall complication rate was 29%. CONCLUSIONS: The overall complication rate in the right lobe adult living donor was 29% in our center; there was no donor mortality. These complications could be avoided or overcome through intensive postoperative surveillance.