121例重症恶性疟疾的临床抢救

目的重症恶性疟疾病情重，变化快，并发症多，患者若抢救不及时常可导致死亡，为观察疗效，总结121例重症恶性疟患者的临床抢救情况。方法用国产青蒿琥酯、蒿甲醚和法国产Quinimax配合一系列综合治疗。结果抢救121例重症恶性疟疾患者，共治愈103例（85．1％），死亡18例（14．9％）。结论早期诊断，积极预防并发症是降低死亡率的主要环节。     

硒和/或维生素E预防大鼠内皮细胞损伤的实验研究

用含硒（Ｓｅ０．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ）和／或维生素Ｅ（ＶＥ０．６ｇ／ｋｇ）的高脂饲料喂养成年雄性Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠１２周。结果：高脂对照组大鼠血浆前列腺素Ｆｌα（６－酮－ＰＧＦ１α）水平下降，而血清脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）、血浆血栓素（ＴＸＢ２）及内皮素（ＥＴ）水平上升；补Ｓｅ、ＶＥ及Ｓｅ＋ＶＥ可明显降低大鼠血清ＬＰＯ、血浆ＴＸＢ２、ＥＴ及ＴＸＢ２／６－酮－ＰＧＦ１α比值。同时，除了明显提高血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）活力外，血浆６－酮－ＰＧＦ１α浓度明显升高。实验提示，Ｓｅ和／或ＶＥ有调节花生四烯酸代谢及保护内皮细胞的作用。     

Effects of specific antibodies on the ultrastructure of mouse oocytes

The effects of antiovarian antiserum and monoclonal antibodies to the oolemma antigens on the ultrastructure of mouse oocytes and their microenvironment are studied. The antioolemma monoclonal antibodies cause more pronounced degenerative changes in the oocyte that in its microenvironment. Antiovarian antiserum induces greater changes in the microenvironment than in the oocyte. Changes induced in the oocyte by the antiserum are secondary relative to changes occurring in the microenvironment, while changes observed in the oocyte treated with monoclonal antibodies are primary. Translated fromByulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 123, No. 1, pp. 115–119, January, 1997     

二巯基丙磺酸钠对苯硫丹和多噻烷急性中毒小鼠的保护作用

用二巯基丙磺酸钠对苯硫丹、多噻烷急性染毒小鼠进行保护解救。结果表明：二巯基丙磺酸钠对该两农药急性染毒小鼠具有显著的保护作用（Ｐ＜０．０５）。本实验填补了以二巯基丙磺酸钠作为首选药物治疗沙蚕毒系现有全部品种急性中毒解毒谱的空白。     

胸部螺旋CT扫描技术及临床应用

作者采用了不同的人体体模和临床应用实验，对常规和螺旋ＣＴ扫描进行了比较研究。结果显示：与常规ＣＴ比较，螺旋ＣＴ图像无失真，变形。分辨率略差于常规ＣＴ。改变扫描条件和床速，图像质量无明显改变。改变扫描图像数学处理模式后，分辨率有所增加，但螺旋扫描仍冰及常规扫描。在临床应用上，螺旋扫描有许多优点。如何采用一次屏气技术，对病人某一脏器检查只需一次连续扫描。扫描速度快，不易产生运动伪影，所选脏器的扫描无盲     

巨噬细胞杀伤白色念珠菌作用的探讨

本研究经杀菌试验和免疫后保护力试验探讨小鼠巨噬细胞在抗白色念珠菌感染中的作用,结果表明白色念珠菌酵母形体对巨噬细胞杀伤作用的抵抗力及对小鼠的毒力均较菌丝形体强。小鼠体内不同部位巨噬细胞杀伤白色念珠菌的作用不同,脾脏巨噬细胞作用大于腹腔残存巨噬细胞。经白色念珠菌活菌静脉免疫后脾巨噬细胞杀白色念珠菌作用增强,但其对再感染的抵抗力不增强。     

汽车排气对交通警及隧道工健康的影响

以上海市四个区的交通警184人,打浦路隧道工58人为接触组,植物园工人106人为对照组,研究了汽车排气对其健康的影响。发现隧道工、交通警的主诉症状、客观体征和铅接触的生化指标方面与对照组比较,有显著差别(P<0.05及0.01)。不论吸烟与否,隧道工血中HbCO含量的最高值都是在值勤后,系因值勤时吸入过量的CO所致。说明汽车排气对交通警及隧道工人的健康已产生一定的影响。     

Effect of endotoxin and a burn injury on lung and liver lipid peroxidation and catalase activity

Both endotoxin and a burn alone produce oxidant-induced tissue lipid peroxidation. The endotoxin response is due in large part to hydrogen peroxide. The combination of endotoxin after a burn results in an increased liver, but not lung, oxidant injury. Our purpose was to determine whether the burn oxidant injury inactivated endogenous liver tissue catalase, thereby amplifying a subsequent H2O2 insult. Twenty-six adult sheep were studied. Twelve sheep had a 15% TBS burn. Tissue catalase activity, measured in lung and liver 3 days postburn, was significantly decreased from a control of 3.58 +/- 1.8 and 193 +/- 63, respectively, to 1.72 +/- 0.63 and 148 +/- 33 k(sec-1)/0.5 gram tissue. The addition of endotoxin 3 days postburn resulted in an increase in liver malondialdehyde, MDA, a measure of lipid peroxidation, from a control of 110 +/- 80 to 450 +/- 54 nmol/gram tissue. This value was significantly greater than the 210 +/- 80 nmol/gram tissue seen after endotoxin alone. Lung tissue MDA with burn and endotoxin was 65 +/- 8 compared to 42 +/- 7 for control and 80 +/- 6 nmol/gram for endotoxin alone. We conclude that a decrease in liver catalase activity occurs after a burn. The decrease corresponds to an accentuated oxidant-induced lipid peroxidation after an added endotoxin insult where H2O2 is known to be an etiologic agent. The catalase activity also decreases in postburn lung, but accentuated lung damage was not seen, indicating a variable tissue response from the burn-induced decrease in antioxidant activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

经内镜鼻胰管引流在重症急性胰腺炎治疗中的应用

目的 :初步总结经内镜鼻胰管引流在重症急性胰腺炎治疗中应用的疗效。　方法 :自 1998年 3月以来 ,在重症急性胰腺炎患者入院后常规非手术监测治疗的同时 ,随机床旁行经内镜置放鼻胰管引流 14例。其中明确合并胆结石 8例。观察每天胰管引流量和入院后第 5天在体温、心率、白细胞计数、血糖、血钙、动脉氧分压和血、尿淀粉酶的变化 ,并与第 1天比较 ,记录治疗结果和住院时间。　结果 :经鼻胰管引流时间为 (7.3± 4 .0 )天 ,前 5天的胰液引流量分别为每天 (2 36 .4± 176 .6 )、(2 87.1± 16 4 .7)、(2 84 .6± 2 16 .4 )、(435 .0± 35 7.8)ml和 (377.8± 2 2 3.8)ml。入院后第 1天和第 5天的体温为 (38.2± 0 .6 )和 (37.2± 0 .8)℃ (P <0 .0 1)、心率为 (10 2 .3± 17.0 )和 (82 .9± 14 .5 )次 /min(P <0 .0 1) ,白细胞计数为 (14 .6± 4 .2 )和 (10 .1± 5 .4 )× 10 9/L(P <0 .0 5 ) ,血糖为 (10 .0± 4 .9)和 (8.6± 3.3)mmol/L(P >0 .0 5 ) ,血钙为 (2 .1± 0 .2 )和 (2 .2± 0 .2 )mmol/L(P >0 .0 5 )　动脉氧分压为 (78.0± 16 .3)和 (113.0± 4 1.6 )mmHg(P <0 .0 1) ,血淀粉酶为 (6 95 .7± 4 4 5 .2 )和 (82 .6± 4 7.1)U/L(P <0 .0 1) ,尿淀粉酶为 (3174 .1± 2 5 4 2 .5 )和(2 86 .8± 2     

氟罗沙星片剂,胶囊剂的人体药物动力学和相对生物利用度研究

9名男性健康自愿受试者采用三交叉单剂口服国产氛罗沙星片剂、胶囊和进口氟罗沙星片剂各400mg的药代动力学参数比较。血、尿药浓度用HPLC检测．结果表明：体内过程符合一室模型，主要药代动力学参数分别为：AUC：82.30±14．30、81．13±8．45与83．92±14.27h·mg／L；Cmax：4．71±0．83、4．67±0．51与4．86±0．89mg／L；Tmax：1．88±0．44、1．90±0．39与1．92±0．23h；T1／2ke：11．02±0．96、10．93±0．68与10．86±0．82h；V／F（c）：79．08±13．31、78.42±8．70与76．39±12．93L；Cl／F：5．00±0．98、4．98±0．52与4．88±0．73L／h。服药48h的尿中原型药排出率分别为给药量的57．4％，55．9％和60．7％。国产氧罗沙星片剂和胶囊口服后药物动力学参数与进口片剂相仿．其相对生物利用及分别为98.07％与96．68％。