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??The research progress of the application of magnesium aluminum silicate in pharmaceutics was reviewed in this paper. We introduced the physiochemical properties and safety profile evaluations of magnesium aluminum silicate firstly. Then the research progress of the application of magnesium aluminum silicate was reviewed from the following five aspects: firstly, improving the fluidity of powder, increasing the hardness of tablets as well as preventingpowder from moisture caking; secondly, powdering oil-like drugs;thirdly, grinding poorly water-soluble crystalline drugs with magnesium aluminum silicate to form amorphous products, which can improve the dissolution rate of the drugs. In addition, the paper also reviewed the applications of magnesium aluminum silicate in solid dispersions, designing of sustained release formulations and so on.     

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??OBJECTIVE To study the preparation of carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes loaded with podophyllotoxin (PPT-CNTs-COOH) as well as the characteristics of the in vitro transdermal penetration.METHODS PPT-CNTs-COOH was prepared by freezing milling method; IR, UV, XRD, and TGA were used to characterize the PPT-CNTs-COOH; HPLC method was used for determination of the content of podophyllotoxin loaded in the carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes; franze diffusion cells method was used to determine the drug transdermal penetration rate.RESULTS The IR spectrum of PPT-CNTs-COOH showed the main absorption peaks of PPT and CNTs-COOH and the peaks changed obviously. Compared with free PPT, the UV absorption peaks of PPT-CNTs-COOH changed obviously. The PPT content in the CNTs-COOH gel was 58.0 ??g??mg^-1; the transdermal penetration rate of PPT gel was 7.08 ??g??cm^-2??h^-1 and that of the PPT-CNTs-COOH gel was 3.03 ??g??cm^-2??h^-1; the skin retention of PPT-CNTs-COOH gel was 3.04 ??g??cm^-2, far less than the 1.52 ??g??cm^-2 of PPT gel. Mild irritation developed within 24 h following removal of the PPT-CNTs-COOH gel, and disappears after 72 h.CONCLUSION Podophyllotoxin can successfully be loaded into the carboxylated multi-wall carbon nanotubes by using the frozen ball milling method. The product has remarkable sustained release effect in vitro and high retention in skin, which is beneficial to transdermal delivery.     

Inflammation Level after Decompression Surgery for a Rat Model of Chronic Severe Spinal Cord Compression and Effects on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Delayed neurological deterioration in the absence of direct spinal cord insult following surgical decompression is a severe postoperative complication in patients with chronic severe spinal cord compression (SCC). The spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) has been verified as a potential etiology of the complication. However, the exact pathophysiologic mechanisms of the decompression-related IRI remain to be defined. In this study, we developed a practical rat model of chronic severe SCC. To explore the underlying role of inflammation in decompression-related IRI, immunoreactivity of pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) before and after decompression were measured. In addition, expression level of TNF-α and IL-1β was examined with Western blot. Immunohistochemical staining showed negative result in gray matters in the sham group and sham-decompression group. In the severe compression group, strong positive staining of TNF-α and IL-1β were found, suggesting a dramatic infiltration of inflammatory cells in gray matters. Furthermore, the severe compression group showed a significant increase in expression level of TNF-α and IL-1β as compared with the sham group (p < 0.05). In the severe compression-decompression group, both immunostaining and Western blot showed significant increase of TNF-α and IL-1β levels in the spinal cord compared with the severe compression group (p < 0.05). The results demonstrated that surgical decompression plays a stimulative role in inflammation through increasing the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the rat model of chronic severe SCC injury. Inflammation may be one of the important pathological mechanisms of decompression-related IRI of chronic ischemia.     

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??Abstract?? Urinary erythrocyte morphology??UEM?? analysis is the most commonly used clinical examination method to identify the sources of hematuria??with characteristics of being simple?? practical?? reliable and noninvasive. Because of the limitations of the method itself and some interference factors ??such as urine specific gravity?? urine pH and diuretic therapy?? etc.???? there may be false negative results in the diagnosis of glomerular hematuria with UEM. UEM analysis combined with other hematuria positioning method or indicators could reduce the rate of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis in clinical work.     

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??Abstract??Objective To explore the role of miR-125b in pediatric classical APL?? in order to seek new therapeutic strategies for drug resistant APL. Methods The target genes of miR-125b were predicted online?? validated by Dual-luciferase assay and western blot assay. MiR-125b expression levels were measured in 33 matched-pair APL samples??treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University and other members of South China Children APL Cooperative Group from March 2007 to September2012??at initial diagnosis and complete remission ??CR?? and in 5 relapsed patients by qRT-PCR. Proliferation and apoptosis were analyzed respectively using the RNA transfection?? MTT assay and flow cytometry. Results The expression of miR-125b was up-regulated in pediatric APL at diagnosis and relapse bone marrow samples?? but returned to normal after complete remission?? miR-125b could promote leukemic cell proliferation and inhibit cell apoptosis by regulating the expression of tumor suppressor Bak1. Remarkably??it was also found to be up-regulated in leukemic drug-resistant cells??NB4-R1??NB4-R2??HL-60/DOX???? and overexpression of exogenous miR-125b could increase their resistance to therapeutic drugs. Conclusion MiR-125b can regulate pediatric classical APL cells proliferation?? apoptosis and drug resistance by repressing BAK1 protein expression.     

凌昌全教授治疗恶性肿瘤的经验

凌昌全教授从事恶性肿瘤防治工作近30年,积累了丰富的临床经验。在多年的诊疗过程中,凌教授指导建立了恶性肿瘤专科门诊病历3000余份,积累了十分有意义的循证医学证据。他还提出了科学完善的"癌毒"理论,擅长辨证论治,注重脾胃调理,指导患者饮食起居,坚持中西医结合,并带领学子研发了系列抗肿瘤中药新剂型及院内制剂,既方便了患者、又提高了疗效。     

郑寿全《医理真传》贵“中”思想浅探

通过分析郑寿全《医理真传》,认为郑氏虽为"火神派"的代表,虽然擅用姜、附、桂,但是其更加重视中土脾胃,即贵"中"。贵"中"思想更能代表郑氏的学术思想。提出贵"中"思想可以使我们更加全面地认识和继承郑氏的学术思想。     

穴位注射联合针刺对脑卒中后肩手综合征患者患肢疼痛及运动能力的影响

目的:观察穴位注射与针刺联合治疗对脑卒中后肩手综合征(houlder-hand syndrome,SHS)患者患肢疼痛及运动能力的影响。方法:选择2012年6月—2014年4月在本中心门诊治疗的SHS患者120例,按照随机分组法将其分为观察组和对照组各60例,对照组在常规治疗的基础上给予针刺治疗,观察组在对照组治疗的基础上加用穴位注射治疗。比较两组治疗前后疼痛数字评价量表(The digital pain assessment scale,NRS)、上肢运动功能(The motor function of upper limbs,FMA)评分以及肩关节活动度范围评分,并进行统计分析。结果:观察组治疗后的NRS、FMA以及肩关节活动度范围评分分别为(1.35±0.91)、(41.91±6.71)和(2.48±0.46),而对照组分别为(3.13±1.09)、(33.46±4.62)和(1.65±0.36),两组比较,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:通过穴位注射与针刺联合治疗疗效显著,能明显减缓SHS患者肢体疼痛感,提升运动功能,从而改善患者生存质量。     

“八法皆通”论

病分百种,治有八法,通寓八法,八法皆通,临证以汗为通,以吐为通,以下为通,以和为通,以温为通,以消为通,以清为通,以补为通。故凡诸病者,症见不通,治宜以通为先。     

熊继柏教授辨治胁痛经验

文章从胁痛主症、辨治要领、个人重要经验等方面系统阐述了熊继柏教授辨治胁痛的学术思想和独到经验。熊教授认为:胁痛一证,最当辨清属虚、属实、在气、在血。胁痛实证分为气滞胁痛、瘀血胁痛、湿热胁痛;胁痛虚证主要有肝阴不足、肝郁脾虚。熊教授个人独到经验有3点:1辨治胁痛,首察证候虚实;2细观疼痛特点,辨识胁痛性质;3用药注重疏肝利胆;4结合现代医学知识,辨病用药。