骨骼肌的中医五藏归属

"脾主身之肌肉"是指脾藏化生水谷精微营养全身的骨骼肌及其辅助装置,但骨骼肌的功能并非只属于脾藏。基于中西医学研究对象的一致性,从解剖学找到全身骨骼肌的分布部位及其功能,并将这些功能与中医五藏的功能做对比,认为骨骼肌的功能应分属于中医脾藏的运化、在体合肉和固定升提功能,肺藏的司呼吸功能,肾藏的主水主生殖功能,肝藏的主疏泄调情志功能和心藏的主藏神功能。即,参与消化的骨骼肌属于主运化的脾藏;产生肌力肌紧张维持躯体运动与姿势的骨骼肌属于在体合肉的脾藏;产生张力固定内脏、支撑皮肤的筋膜属于具有固定升提功能的脾藏。参与呼吸的骨骼肌属于司呼吸的肺藏;参与排尿和分娩的骨骼肌属于主水主生殖的肾藏;参与表达情感的骨骼肌归属于主疏泄调情志的肝藏;参与表达精神活动的骨骼肌归属于主藏神的心藏。     

网状支架治疗前列腺增生症121例的远期疗效

目的 评价应用记忆合金网状支架治疗前列腺增生症(BPH)合并膀胱出口梗阻(BOO)的远期临床疗效。方法 1995.3～1999.5月应用国产镍钛合金网状支架治疗前列腺增生症患者121例,术后1年分别进行随访;重新评定疗效。结果 术后1、2、4年有效率分别为91.5％、80.9％、64.3％,IPSS由术前25.4减少至8.5,MFR从术前2.5ml/s增加至13.4ml/s,RUV由术前119.3ml减少至52.8ml。结论 前列腺尿道测量的准确性及支架安放的准确性影响手术的远期疗效。网状支架仍然适用于前列腺增生症的高危患者。     

交锁髓内钉治疗胫腓骨骨折并发症防治

目的：观察交锁髓内钉治疗胫腓骨骨折的并发症及防治。方法：1997年2月-2000年6月用交锁髓内钉治疗胫腓骨骨折46例。男36例。女10例。新鲜闭合性骨折27例，开放性骨折15例。陈旧性骨折4例。左侧24例，右侧22例。年龄25-65岁，平均37岁，均采用扩髓及静力型固定。结果：46例均得到随访，平均20个月（6个月-3年）。愈合时间为3-12个月，平均4个月，感染4例均为开放性骨折，肢体短缩1例。成角畸形2例。延迟愈合7例。结论：交锁髓内钉治疗胫腓骨骨折的一些并发症存在必须引起重视。开放性骨折以不扩髓为宜。     

带锁髓内钉治疗下肢长骨骨折

我院自 1 998年 5月～ 2 0 0 1年 3月使用带锁髓内钉治疗下肢长骨骨折共 1 30例 ,效果良好。现报告如下 :1　临床资料本组 1 30例中男 83例 ,女 47例 ;年龄 1 8～ 54岁 ,平均38 5岁。胫骨骨折 95例 ,其中中上段骨折 64例 ,下段骨折31例 ;股骨骨折 35例 ,其中中上段骨折 2 6例 ,下段骨折 9例。2　治疗方法2 1　胫骨骨折　采用国产钉 72例 ,进口钉 2 3例。取骨折处为中心的小切口 ,能显露骨折断端及处理碎骨块即可 ,尽量少剥离骨膜。自骨折断端向远、近两端扩髓 ,扩髓直径较髓内钉大一号。使骨折复位 ,骨爪临时固定。在胫骨结节与髌骨下缘间…     

聚酰胺-氨纳米微粒介导5-氟尿嘧啶联合小RNA-21抑制乳腺癌细胞生长的研究

Objective To study the effect of PAMAM-mediated 5-fluorouracil combined with miR-21 inhibitor gene therapy to suppress MCF-7 human breast cancer cell growth in vitro. Methods 5-Fu/PAMAM complex was prepared by dialysis method and then incubated with miR-21 inhibitor at room temperature. Transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) was performed to observe the morphology of the nanoparticles. The drug loading efficiency and encapsulation efficiency was determined by ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV). The transfection of PAMAM dendrimer was detected by flow cytometry. MTT assay was carried out to determine MCF-7 cell growth survival rate. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow-cytometry. Transwell assay was performed to detect invasion ability after MCF-7 cells treated with 5-Fu chemotherapy combined with miR-21 inhibitor gene therapy. Results The morphology of the complex was sphere observed under TEM. Encapsulation efficiency and loading efficiency of drug were (66. 21±4. 11)% and (31.77±0. 73)% , respectively. Flow cytometry revealed that 5-Fu/PAMAM transfection efficiency was (60.54 ±6. 97)%. 5-Fu combined with miR-21 inhibitor treatment significantly suppressed cell growth, and the survival rate was only (55. 85±3. 71)% on the 6th day of the observation period. The apoptosis rate in combined treatment group was (18. 32±2.42)% , dramatically higher than in control group (F=58. 326,P<0. 01). In combined treatment group, the number of invasion cells was only 18. 96 ±3. 14, suggesting the greatly decreased invasion ability of MCF-7 cells (F=16. 409,P < 0. 01). Conclusion PAMAM could effectively deliver miR-21 inhibitor and 5-Fu simultaneously, and combined therapy can suppress growth of MCF-7 cells effectively in vitro.     

癌胚抗原相关细胞黏附分子和人胸肾表达趋化因子在婴幼儿血管瘤组织中的表达

目的 检测癌胚抗原相关细胞黏附分子(CEACAM-1)和人胸肾表达趋化因子(CXCL-14)在不同时期婴幼儿血管瘤组织中的表达,并探讨其在血管瘤发生发展过程中的作用和意义.方法 应用免疫组化法和Western免疫印迹检测CEACAM-1和CXCL-14在增生期、消退期和消退完成期婴幼儿血管瘤组织中的表达,利用计算机图像分析技术测量平均吸光度.结果 CEACAM-1在增生期血管瘤组织中不表达或低表达,消退期呈强阳性表达,消退完成期呈阳性表达;各期之间CEACAM-1的表达差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);CXCL-14在增生早期血管瘤组织中不表达或低表达,消退期呈阳性表达,消退完成期呈强阳性表达,各期之间CXCL-14表达差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 CEACAM-1和CXCL-14可能参与了婴幼儿血管瘤病理变化过程,在该病发生发展过程中起一定的作用.     

乳腺导管内乳头状瘤术后乳腺癌2例

乳腺导管内乳头状瘤是乳腺常见疾病之一,大量临床资料支持本病为良性病变,但也有一定的癌变率,有报道[1]乳腺导管内乳头状瘤癌变率6%～8%.治疗多采用乳腺病变导管或区段腺体切除,可取得满意疗效,术后预后好.     

3.0T磁共振下肢动脉3D CE-MRA对比剂用量

目的探讨使用3.0TMR仪并行采集快速扫描技术进行腹部至下肢动脉三维对比增强磁共振血管成像（3DCE-MRA）中减少对比剂用量的可行性。方法 30例怀疑下肢动脉狭窄的患者按就诊顺序平均分为A、B两组,使用3.0T磁共振扫描仪行腹部至下肢动脉3DCE-MRA,钆浓度为0.5mmol/ml,A、B两组的使用剂量分别为40ml和20ml。比较两组患者三站图像最大密度投影（MIP）图像质量及原始增强图像末端腹主部动脉、股动脉及腘动脉的信号强度（SI）、信噪比（SNR）和对比噪声比（CNR）。结果 A、B两组所有三站动脉的MIP图像质量均符合诊断要求,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,B组小腿静脉污染比A组略轻,但差异无统计学意义;A、B两组末端腹主部动脉的SI、SNR及CNR差异无统计学意义。A组股动脉及腘动脉的SI、SNR及CNR均略高于B组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论采用3.0TMR仪行腹部至下肢动脉3DCE-MRA,使用20ml钆对比剂获得的图像质量可满足临床诊断。     

Vitamin A deficiency results in dysregulation of lipid efflux pathway in rat kidney

The mechanisms of action of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) on lipid metabolism in the rat kidney were investigated in adult female rats and their offspring. The rats were randomized into three groups: (1) control, in which the mother and offspring received a normal diet (4000 retinol IU/kg diet) for 8 weeks; (2) VAD group, in which the mothers and offspring received a VAD diet (400 retinol IU/kg diet) for 8 weeks; (3) vitamin A-refed group, in which a group of pups on a VAD diet for 8 weeks received a complete diet (6500 retinol IU/kg diet) for 15 days. The lipid metabolism of the offsprings’ kidneys and its relation to the expression of apolipoprotein B100 (Apo-B100), liver X receptor α (LXRα), and retinoid X receptor-α/β (RXRα/β) mRNA was analyzed. VAD was found to alter renal lipid metabolism and its immune environment due to the expression of Apo-B100. Compared with the control, VAD rats had significantly higher levels of transforming growth factor-beta 1 and lower levels of ABCA1, a key gene involved in cholesterol efflux and tissue lipid homeostasis. The expression of LXRα and RXRα/β mRNA also decreased in the VAD rat kidney. Vitamin A refeeding reversed all of the changes. Lipid metabolism involved in renal reverse cholesterol transport may be mediated by decreasing the signaling through the ABCA1 cholesterol efflux pathway, which is significantly modified in kidneys of vitamin A-deficient rats.     

凋亡抑制蛋白XIAP与肿瘤多药耐药

XIAP(X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein)是凋亡抑制蛋白(inhibitors of apoptosis protein,IAP)家族中最有效的内源性凋亡抑制因子,可以通过直接抑制caspases或者参与信号转导途径抑制细胞凋亡。研究发现,XIAP与肿瘤多药耐药有密切关系,并且有可能成为逆转肿瘤多药耐药提高化疗效果的治疗新靶点。