基于稳态视觉诱发电位的手机拨号系统研究

利用人体生物电作为人与外部设备沟通的桥梁,是一种新的人机交互方式.依此开展了基于稳态视觉诱发电位(SSVEP)的脑电手机拨号系统的研究.设计一种基于视觉诱发电位的实时脑-机接口系统,用于控制拨打手机号码.该系统采用单片机设计视觉刺激器,同时在LabVlEW平台上,利用功率谱估计实时提取诱发电位向量,产生脑-机接口控制命令,用于TC35无线模块拨打手机号码.通过5位受试者各10次实验验证,所设计的基于稳态视觉诱发电位的脑电手机拨号系统,识别正确率最高达到100％,平均正确率98％,拨打任意一个11位手机号码的平均时间低于65 8,并且能保证正确拨打每一个号码.证明该系统的方案是可行的,具有较高的应用价值.     

Nuclear factor kB activity in patients with acute severe cholangitis

AIM: To determine the NF-kB activity in peripheral bloodmononuclear calls (PBMC) in patients with acute cholangitisof severe type (ACST) and correlate the degree of NF-kBactivation with severity of biliary tract infection and clinicaloutcome.METHODS: Twenty patients with ACST were divided intosurvivor group ( 13 cases) and nonsurvivor group (7 cases).Other ten patients undergoing elective gastrectomy oringuinal hernia repair were selected as control groupPeripheral blood samples were taken 24 hourspostoperatively. PBMC were separated by density gradientcentrifugation, then nuclear proteins were isolated fromPBMC, and Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA)used determined. The results were quantified by scanningdensitometer of a Bio-Image Analysis System and expressedas relative optical density (ROD). The levels of TNF-α, IL-6,and IL-10 in the plasma of patients with ACST and healthycontrol subjects were determined by using an enzyme-linkedimmunoassay (ELISA).RESULTS: The NF-kB activity was 5.02 ± 1 .03 in nonsurvivorgroup, 2.98 ± 0.51 in survivor group and 1.06～0.34 incontrol group. There were statistical differences in threegroups (P＜ 0.05). The levels of TNF-a and IL-6 in plasmawere (498 ± 53) ng@ L-1 and (587 ± 64) ng@ L-1 in nonsurvivorgroup, (284 ± 32) rig@ L-1 and (318 ± 49) rig@ L1 in survivorgroup and (89± 11) rig@ L1 and (102 ±13) rig@ L-1 in controlgroup. All patients with ACST had increased levels of TNF-sand IL-6, which were many-fold greater than those ofcontrol group, and there was an evidence of significantlyhigher levels in those of nonsurvivor group than that insurvivor group ( P ＜ 0.05). The levels of IL-10 in plasmawere (378 ± 32) ng@ L1 , (384 ± 37) ng@ L-1 and (68 ± 11 )ng@ L-1in three groups, respectively. All patients had alsoincreased levels of IL-10 when compared with control group( P＜ 0.05), but the IL-10 levels were not significantly higherin nonsurvivors than in survivors (P＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: NF-kB activity in PBMC in patients with ACSTincreases markedly and the degree of NF-kB activation iscorrelated with severity of biliary tract infection and clinicaloutcome.     

环境和职业危险因素与帕金森病

近年来帕金森病(PD)的发病率日益增多。PD发病的危险因素受人注意。本文就与化合物1-甲基-4-苯基-丙氧哌啶结构相似的造成PD的可能毒物,以及PD发病机制作一简单介绍。详细介绍工业职业和环境因素如铅、锰污染等重金属导致PD的危险因素,以引起人们的注意。     

ATP induces long-term potentiation of C-fiber-evoked field potentials in spinal dorsal horn: the roles of P2X4 receptors and p38 MAPK in microglia

Many studies have shown that adenosine triphosphate (ATP), as a neurotransmitter, is involved in plastic changes of synaptic transmission in central nervous system. In the present study, we tested whether extracellular ATP can induce long-term potentiation (LTP) of C-fiber-evoked field potentials in spinal dorsal horn. The results showed the following: (1) ATP at a concentration of 0.3 mM induced spinal LTP of C-fiber-evoked field potentials, lasting for at least 5 h; (2) spinal application of 2',3'-O-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)adenosine-5-triphosphate (TNP-ATP; an antagonist of P2X(1-4) receptors), but not pyridoxal-phosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulphonic acid (PPADS; an antagonist of P2X(1,2,3,5,7) receptors), 30 min before ATP blocked ATP-induced LTP, indicating that ATP may induce spinal LTP by activation of P2X(4) receptors; (3) at 60 min after LTP induction the level of phospho-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p-p38 MAPK) was significantly elevated and at 180 min after LTP the number of P2X(4) receptors increased significantly; both p-p38 and P2X(4) receptors were exclusively co-located with the microglia marker, but not with neuronal or astrocyte marker; (4) spinal application of TNP-ATP but not PPADS prevented p38 activation; (5) spinal application of SB203580, a p38 MAPK inhibitor, prevented both spinal LTP and the upregulation of P2X(4) receptors. The results suggested that ATP may activate p38 MAPK by binding to intrinsic P2X(4) receptors in microglia, and subsequently enhance the expression of P2X(4) receptors, contributing to spinal LTP.     

Authenticity of pulmonary Lophomonas blattarum infection: A case report

Pulmonary protozoal infections are rare. A 28-year-old woman was admitted to hospital with chief complains of cough, sputum, and dyspnea. The clinical laboratory tests for blood revealed an increased eosinophil percentage of 31.3%and significantly elevated total IgE. The chest computed tomography scan revealed that bilateral bronchial walls were thickening, accompanied with patchy spots scattered throughout bilateral lungs. A suspected multiflagellated protozoan was observed under a light microscope. But some different features were observed by electron microscopy, such as the orientation of flagella and nucleus. Besides, both bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and bronchoscopic brush smears underwent Gram staining and Pap staining, which revealed that numerous respiratory ciliated cells were scattered or accumulated in the sample.Finally, she was diagnosed with eosinophil pneumonia. Metronidazole,bronchodilators, and mucolytics were taken for 5 d and symptoms and pulmonary ventilation function improved. We herein report a case of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, which was misdiagnosed as multiflagellated protozoan infection, and it is suggested that reliable diagnosis approaches are necessary,rather than clinical symptoms and morphological features.     

LASIK术后角膜瓣移位的处理

目的 探讨LASIK术后角膜瓣移位的临床特点及处理方法.方法 研究我院2002年7月至2008年5月行LASIK的患者共4 219例(8 316眼),对术后发生角膜瓣移位者23例(23眼)行移位修复术.术后第1天、第3天、1周、1个月、3个月进行复诊.结果 移位前和移位修复术后视力(1.16±0.14,1.12±0.20)、屈光度(0.75±0.37,0.74±0.34)、散光(0.82±0.39,0.83±0.43)比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05).19例恢复到LASIK术前最佳矫正视力,3例外伤患者恢复至LASIK术后受伤前视力,仅1例木块击伤者视力低于受伤前.结论 LASIK术后角膜瓣移位只要及时发现,正确处理就可达到术前理想矫正视力.[眼科新进展2009;29(6):446-447,451]     

Correlation of the leucocyte count with traditional and non-traditional components of metabolic syndrome

Objectives: To investigate correlation of the white blood cell (WBC) and its subtype count with the traditional and non-traditional components of the metabolic syndrome.

Methods: Between January 2012 and December 2013, 18,222 people were enrolled in this study. The height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure were measured, and blood samples were tested for all subjects after an overnight fast. The count of WBC and its subtypes, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein, aminotransferases, fibrinogen, uric acid, and fasting blood glucose were all assessed.

Results: Metabolic syndrome was found in 2502 of 18,222 healthy Chinese people (16.41%). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 22.61% for men significantly (P < 0.05) greater than for women (6.83%). The prevalence of obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia was significantly (P < 0.001) higher in people with than without metabolic syndrome. With increase of the WBC count, BMI, systolic and diastolic pressure, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, glutamyltranspetidase, blood urea nitrogen fibrinogen and uric acid all went up significantly (P < 0.001) while HDL decreased significantly (P < 0.05). The creatinine remained relatively sTable After adjustment of age, sex, alcoholic drinking and education, the metabolic components of obesity, hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia rose significantly (P < 0.05) positively with increased counts of the total WBC, neutrophil and lymphocyte, and the WBC and its subtypes were an independent risk factor for metabolic syndrome.

Conclusion: Aminotransferases, fibrinogen and uric acid all significantly increase with increased WBC count in a dose-dependent manner. Increased counts of the total WBC and its subtypes are positively associated with presence of metabolic syndrome.     

Genomic instability induced by ionizing radiation in human hepatocytes

The aim of this study was to characterize genomic instability induced by ionizing radiation (IR) in human hepatocytes as reflected by alterations in cloning efficiency, micronucleus (MN) frequency, and apoptosis. The human normal liver 7702 cell line (HL7702) was subjected to initial irradiation of (60)Co-γ ray at doses of 0 (control group), 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10 Gy in each group. Progeny of surviving cells from a second irradiation at dose of 2 Gy were cultured for 15 passages until they were transferred. The cloning efficiency, MN frequency, and apoptotic rate were measured after the initial irradiation, and repeated at passage 15 before and after the second irradiation. The initial irradiation resulted in a dose-dependent decline in cloning efficiency and an increase in MN frequency and apoptotic rate. At passage 15 in progeny of initially irradiated cells, cloning efficiency, MN frequency returned to control levels while apoptotic rate rose. After the second irradiation, cloning efficiency fell while a rise in MN frequency and apoptosis occurred. Our results show that the second irradiation may further enhance cell progeny injury induced by initial irradiation, such that genomic instability that may be difficult to detect after one irradiation is more apparent with subsequent irradiation.     

急性脑梗死静脉溶栓治疗中凝血相关指标变化

目的:探讨纤维蛋白原、纤维蛋白降解产物、D-二聚体等凝血相关指标在急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)静脉溶栓前后的改变。方法:选择80例发病后7h静脉内溶栓的急性大脑中动脉供血区AIS病例,观察溶栓前、溶栓后2h、溶栓后24h的凝血相关指标变化。结果:在AIS溶栓治疗中,纤维蛋白原在溶栓后2h较溶栓前降低(P<0.01),溶栓24h后上升(P<0.01),但仍低于溶栓前水平(P<0.05);纤维蛋白溶解产物在溶栓后2h较溶栓前升高(P<0.01),溶栓24h后下降(P<0.01);D-二聚体在溶栓后2h较溶栓前升高(P<0.01),溶栓24h后降低(P<0.01),但仍高于溶栓前(P<0.01);ⅩⅢ因子水平在溶栓24h后明显下降(P<0.01);α2-抗纤溶酶水平在溶栓后2h较溶栓前下降(P<0.01),溶栓24h后上升(P<0.01),但仍低于溶栓前水平(P<0.01);纤溶酶原水平在溶栓后2h较溶栓前下降(P<0.01),溶栓24h后上升(P<0.01),但仍低于溶栓前水平(P<0.01);血小板在溶栓治疗后低于溶栓前,尤其是溶栓24h后(P<0.05)。结论:在AIS溶栓治疗中,纤维蛋白原、ⅩⅢ因子、α2-抗纤溶酶、纤维蛋白溶解酶原、D-二聚体、纤维蛋白降解产物及血小板都发生明显变化,与纤溶作用机制相符。