复方雷公藤胶囊的制备及质量标准研究

目的 :制备复方雷公藤胶囊并进行质量标准研究。方法 :对雷公藤、丹参、黄芪、三七等四味中药进行定性鉴别 ,用薄层扫描法对雷公藤进行定量鉴别。结果 :定性、定量方法灵敏、重现性好。结论 :所制备的质量标准方案是可行的。     

梯形加压钢板治疗成人股骨干骨折并发症的预防及治疗

作者对梯形自身加压钢板治疗成人股骨干骨折351例并发症的防治进行研究。1986年3月～1998年1月采用梯形钢板治疗成人股骨干骨折351例,随访6个月至11年2月297例305处骨折。并发感染的6例(1.9％),骨不连8例(2.6％),畸形愈合5例(1.6％),再骨折3例(1％),钢板弯曲断裂7例(2.3％),螺钉断裂3例(1％)。9例(3％)经再次手术,最终除1例外,骨折均愈合。关节功能优的186个肢体(61％),良好的98个(32％),15例可(5％),差的6个肢体(2％)。优良率占93％。作者认为清创、引流和灌洗可有效防治创口感染。充分修复骨缺损;在骨折临床愈合,形成连续外骨痂时,肢体才能逐步恢复负重活动,这是防止骨不连、再骨折和钢板破坏的主要措施。     

可逆性尿毒症病人的护理

本文对４５例有明显可逆因素的尿毒症病人进行了临床观察及护理分析,结果显示,此类病人经过纠正可逆因素等保守治疗后,肾功能可明显好转。经统计各种可逆因素后发现其常见的顺序依次为：感染、脱水、高血压、严重酸中度、重度电解质紊乱、Ⅲ度心衰及与肾功能不相称的严重贫血等。其中,呼吸道感染、无症状细菌尿及医源性利尿过度导致的脱水尤应注意。细致的护理观察,及时发现并纠正可逆因素,对治疗可逆性尿毒症病人有重要意义。     

野生型DJ-1 与A39S 突变型DJ-1 表达的单克隆细胞株基因表达谱分析

目的：探讨DJ-1 基因A39S 突变在帕金森病发病过程中的作用机制,以及其是否可能通过转录调控活性
导致相关基因表达异常。方法：建立能够稳定表达空载体和野生型DJ-1 蛋白,以及A39S 突变型DJ-1 蛋白的HEK293
单克隆细胞株。利用基因芯片技术对不同组别细胞株进行差异性表达基因筛选。结果：与空载体组比较,野生型
DJ-1 组有14 个基因表达上调,28 个基因表达下调;A39S 突变型DJ-1 组有6 个基因表达上调;2 个基因表达下调;
A39S 突变型DJ-1 组与野生型型DJ-1 组比较发现只有1 个基因表达下调。具有表达差异性的基因分别参与信号转导、
基因转录调控、细胞周期、细胞凋亡、氧化应激等生物学过程。结论：A39S 突变型DJ-1 蛋白可能通过直接或间接方
式对这些差异基因进行表达调控影响这些通路的正常功能,而参与帕金森病的发病。     

淋病快速自检卡临床应用初步报告

应用淋病快速自检卡（淋卡）检测了72例急、慢性淋病患者尿道或宫颈分泌物，检出淋病双球菌阳性率98.6％，而涂片阳性率仅为72.2％，淋卡法明显优于涂片法（P＜0.001），并与淋病双球菌培养阳性率基本一致（P＞0.05）。还检测了非淋病性尿道炎、真菌性阴道炎和包皮龟头炎等患者，其结果均为阴性,表明淋卡检测淋病双球菌准确度高，并具有特异性。而且该法检测需时少，操作简单,不需要特殊仪器设备，尤其适用于基层医疗单位和大量人群普查工作，有较大的推广应用价值。     

Predictive value of pretreatment lymphocyte count in stage II colorectal cancer and in high-risk patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy

Pretreatment lymphocyte count (LC) has been associated with prognosis and chemotherapy response in several cancers. The predictive value of LC for stage II colorectal cancer (CRC) and for high-risk patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) has not been determined. A retrospective review of prospectively collected data from 1332 consecutive stage II CRC patients who underwent curative tumor resection was conducted. A pretreatment LC value <1.3 Giga/L(28.1%, 373/1332) was defined as low LC. A total of 738 patients (55.4%) were considered high-risk, 459 (62.2%) of whom received AC. Patients with low LCs had significantly worse 5-year OS (74.6% vs. 90.2%, p < 0.001) and DFS (61.3% vs. 84.6%, p < 0.001). High-risk patients with low LCs had the poorest DFS (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated that low LC value or combined with high-risk status were both independent prognostic factors(p <0.001). High-risk, AC-treated patients with high LCs had significantly longer DFS than untreated patients (HR, 0.594; 95% CI, 0.364–0.970; p = 0.035). There was no difference or trend for DFS or OS in patients with low LCs, regardless of the use of AC (DFS, p = 0.692; OS, p = 0.522). Low LC was also independently associated with poorer DFS in high-risk, AC-treated patients (HR, 1.885; 95% CI, 1.112–3.196; p = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS: Pretreatment LC is an independent prognostic factor for survival in stage II CRC. Furthermore, pretreatment LC reliably predicts chemotherapeutic efficacy in high-risk patients with stage II CRC.     

MAEL expression links epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and stem cell properties in colorectal cancer

MAEL plays a central role during spermatogenesis by repressing transposable elements and preventing their mobilisation, however, its role on cancers is unclear. In this study, MAEL expression was analysed in a tissue microarray containing 185 samples of primary colon cancer tumor samples and human colon cancer cell lines. The effect of MAEL on cell proliferation, tumorigenesis, metastasis and drug resistance was examined in vitro and in vivo. Immunoprecipitation assay, confocal immunofluorescent analysis and luciferase assay were used for mechanism study. As results, MAEL was significantly upregulated in colon cancer patient tissue samples, and elevated MAEL protein levels positively correlated with overall survival and disease free survival of colon cancer patients. Using in vitro and in vivo models, we demonstrated that MAEL expression was correlated with cell proliferation, invasion and drug resistance of colon cancer cells by inducing epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and stemness characteristics. Mechanistically, our study demonstrated that MAEL interacts with Snail and inhibit E‐cadherin promoter activity. Collectively, MAEL is an oncogene that plays an important role in the development and progression of colon cancer, which may be a novel potential therapeutic target for colon cancer.     

瘤体骨切除灭活再植一期骨关节重建治疗膝部巨细胞瘤

体内刮除及灭活植骨治疗膝部巨细胞瘤(GCT)的复发率高。作者自1991年1月采用瘤体骨切除,离体灭活再植,与骨残端体内灭活相结合。骨缺损采用自家腓、髂骨移植,L-梯形加压钢板(L-TCP)或梯形加压钢板(TCP)固定、治疗膝部GCT 13例,其中8例保留关节,5例做膝关节融合。本组无菌创口感染1例,1例复发恶变做截肢。在保留关节的8例中7例关节功能恢复优良,1例差。表术式疗效确实,复发率低。保留关节术式适于关节破坏较轻(≤1/2)者,结舍关节残端体内灭活和有效的骨结构重建,有利恢复关节功能。如关节面累及>1/2,宜做骨关节端切除,灭活再植,关节融合或人工关节置换术。     

长骨肿瘤切除后节段性骨缺损的一期骨关节重建

作者采用瘤段骨切除１．灭活再植，自家或同种异体腓骨髓内移植，或加松质骨髓内移植，梯形或Ｌ－梯形钢板（ＴＣＰ或Ｌ－ＴＣＰ）固定；２．保留骨骺或关节骨壳，自家或同种异体节段皮质骨，或加松质骨移植，ＴＣＰ或Ｌ－ＴＣＰ固定；３．同种异体骨及全髁膝关节假体置换，自家腓骨及髂骨髓内移植，ＴＣＰ固定；４．全桡骨切除，自家腓骨移植。治疗骨肉瘤１８例，巨细胞瘤１０例，侵袭大或复发的骨纤维异样增殖症１９例２１个骨。共４７例４９个骨，５０次手术。骨缺损长度７．８～２３．５ｃｍ，平均１４．４ｃｍ。随访１８个月～８年４个月者４３例４５个骨，４６次手术。术后感染４例５次（８．５％）；２例并发骨不连及应力骨折而失败，其中１例截肢。其余再植骨及移植骨均与宿主骨一次手术愈合（９５．６％）。骨不连和疲劳骨折的发生率分别为４．３％（２例）及６．５％（３例）。作者强调从生物学和机械力学两方面考虑，对节段性骨缺损采用一期骨关节重建的术式治疗，有利骨愈合和恢复功能，减少复发和骨不连，疲劳骨折等并发症。     

冠心病运动前后血液流变学指标变化的研究

本文观察了３８例冠心病患者运动前后血液流变学习指标的变化，并与３０例正常人进行对照，结果表明：冠心病组在运动前后血液流变学指标改变具有高度显著性，特别是全血比粘度和纤维蛋白原．而对照组运动前后血液流变学指标改变无显著性。两组间运动前血液流变学指标差异无显著性，运动后的差异具有显著性．提示运动前后测定血液流变学指标有助于冠心病的早期诊断．