Efficacy of different plant extracts in the prevention of radiation dermatitis in radiotherapy patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A protocol for a Bayesian network meta-analysis

Background:Radiation dermatitis is a common complication in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) when treated with radiotherapy. Plant extracts have good effects on the prevention of radiation dermatitis in patients with NPC when treated with radiotherapy. However, there is insufficient comparison among the currently used plant extracts. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the efficacy of different plant extracts in the prevention of radiation dermatitis in patients with NPC by Bayesian network meta-analysis.Methods:We searched Chinese and English databases to collect all randomized controlled trials (RCT) of plant extracts for the prevention of radiation dermatitis in NPC patients who underwent radiotherapy up to October 2020. Two researchers then independently screened articles, extracted data and evaluated the quality selected literatures. All data were processed by Stata 14.0 and WinBUGS V.1.4.3.Results:We applied Bayesian statistical model for network meta-analysis, ranked the effects of various plant extracts, and adopted GRADE method to explain the results.Conclusion:Our study is expected to provide high-quality evidence-based medicine advice for the prevention of radiation dermatitis in patients suffering from NPC undergoing radiotherapy.Ethics and dissemination:Ethical approval was not required for this study. The systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal, presented at conferences, and will be shared on social media platforms. This review would be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal or conference presentations.OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER:DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/6SV45.     

The prognostic significance of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β expression in the vascular endothelial cells of colorectal cancer

Objective

Currently, little is known regarding the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-β (PPAR β) in the vascular endothelial cells (VECs) of colorectal cancers (CRCs). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of PPAR β expression in the VECs of CRCs in terms of the prognosis and clinicopathological features of CRC patients.

Design

The expression and localization of PPAR β in the primary cancers and the matched normal mucosal samples of 141 Swedish CRC patients were analyzed in terms of its correlation with clinicopathological features and the expression of angiogenesis-related genes. This study also included 92 Chinese CRC patients.

Results

PPAR β was predominantly localized in the cytoplasm and was significantly downregulated in the VECs of CRC compared to that of the normal mucosa. The low expression levels of PPAR β in the VECs of CRC were statistically correlated with enhanced differentiation, early staging and favorable overall survival and were associated with the increased expression of VEGF and D2-40. The patients exhibiting elevated expression of PPAR β in CRC cells but reduced expression in VECs exhibited more favorable survival compared with the other patients, whereas the patients with reduced expression of PPAR β in CRC cells but increased expression in VECs exhibited less favorable prognosis.

Conclusions

PPAR β might play a tumor suppressor role in CRC cells in contrast to a tumor promoter role in the VECs of CRCs.     

Mechanisms of Anti-inflammatory Property of Conserved Dopamine Neurotrophic Factor: Inhibition of JNK Signaling in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Microglia

Microglia are important resident immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and involved in the neuroinflammation caused by CNS disorders, including brain trauma, ischemia, stroke, infections, inflammation, and neurodegenerative diseases. Our study explores the hypothesis that conserved dopamine neurotrophic factor (CDNF), a secretory neurotrophic factor, may provide a novel therapy for associated with neuroinflammation related to the microglia. We observed that CDNF was upregulated in rat primary microglia treated with 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide, an inflammatory inducer, for 24 h. Thus, we hypothesize that CDNF may play a role, mediator or inhibitor, in regulating the inflammation in microglial cells induced by LPS. Finally, our data showed that CDNF significantly attenuated the production of proinflammatory cytokines (PGE2 and IL-1β) and remarkably alleviated the cytotoxicity (percentage of lactate dehydrogenase released) in the LPS-induced microglia by suppressing the phosphorylation of JNK, but not the P38 or ERK pathways. These results demonstrate the anti-inflammatory property of CDNF by inhibition of JNK signaling in LPS-induced microglia, suggesting that CDNF may be a potential novel agent for the treatment of neuroinflammation in the CNS disorders.     

脑卒中误吸筛查工具的系统综述

目的 系统综述脑卒中患者误吸筛查工具的相关研究。 方法 检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、Embase、中国知网、万方数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库从建库至2018年12月有关脑卒中误吸筛查工具的相关文献,2名研究员独立筛选文献,提取数据,分析误吸筛查工具的内容、筛查形式、评分标准、测量学特性。 结果 共纳入25项研究,涉及10种误吸筛查工具。分析各误吸筛查工具的内容、筛查形式、评分标准、测量学特性。虽然工具很多,但尚无一致证据支持的工具。 结论 医务人员应依据患者的病情、年龄、意识状态、吞咽相关特征,有针对性地选择筛查工具。     

茶碱控释剂对煤工尘肺肺功能作用的研究

目的研究茶碱控释剂对煤工尘肺肺功能和临床症状的作用。方法选择80例煤工尘肺患者,分为两组,均予相同的治疗,治疗组同时加用多索茶碱,每次0.4g,早晚各1次,连用6个月,观察两组治疗前及治疗后1、3、6个月肺功能改变和急性发作情况。结果治疗1个月后肺功能改善,治疗3个月后研究组患者肺功能明显改善。FEV1急性发作次数显著减少。结论煤工尘肺患者口服茶碱控释剂3个月后肺功能改善明显,以后肺功能维持在一个相对较好的水平,且茶碱减少患者的急性发作次数。     

电子胃镜在肥胖代谢手术围手术期的应用

当代社会经济快速发展,人们生活水平改善迅速,能量过剩导致的肥胖症发病率在世界范围内逐年升高,而我国肥胖症患者人数已跃居世界第一[1].肥胖代谢手术作为治疗肥胖症的重要手段之一,已在全球范围内被广泛应用[2-4].我国的肥胖代谢手术,依靠长期科普及良好的减重效果逐渐被需要做手术的肥胖症患者所接受,手术例数也呈逐年上升趋势...     

晶体停跳液和含血停跳液的临床应用研究

目的：观察晶体停跳液和含血停跳液对心肌的保护作用。方法：２０例择期性心脏瓣膜替换术患者分别用晶体停跳液（１０例）和含血停跳液（１０例）灌注的结果进行分析。结果：两组在直视手术中心脏停跳良好。围术期血液动力学指标，平均动脉压、中心静脉压、心率无明显差异。心肌摄氧率大致相同。但晶体停跳液组的冠状动脉乳酸摄取率明显低于含血停跳液组，而含血停跳液组的血浆肌酸激酶及其同功酶的水平明显低于晶体停跳液组。电子显微镜观察可见晶体停跳液组右心房心肌的超微结构（线粒体、肌丝）严重损坏，而含血停跳液组对其有明显保护效果。含血停跳液组自动复跳率（６０．５％）明显高于晶体停跳液组（４４．９％）。结论：含血停跳液有很多优点，如临床安全性、心肌酶释放减少、超微结构损伤轻等。     

不同剂量国产抑肽酶对体外循环中血小板的保护作用

目的：观察体外循环中应用抑肽酶对血小板数及功能的影响。方法：２９例心内直视手术患者，分为Ｉ观察组（ｎ＝１０）预充液中一次性加入国产抑肽酶５万单位／ｋｇ，Ｉ观察组（ｎ＝１０）一次性加入抑肽酶８～１０万单位／ｋｇ，对照组（ｎ＝９）常规预充。３组均观察血小板计数、血小板聚集功能、术后２４小时胸腔引流量和血红蛋白及输血量。结果：术后血小板计数在Ｉ观察组为（１２３．０±３．０）×１０９／Ｌ，显著高于对照组的（９１．５±４．０）×１０９／Ｌ（Ｐ＜０．０５）。血小板聚集功能体外循环中较体外循环前降低，在Ｉ观察组降低不明显与Ｉ观察组和对照组相比较差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５），术后２４小时胸腔引流量及输血量在ＩＩ观察组较对照组分别减少４２．７％（Ｐ＜０．０５）和４８．１％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：体外循环中应用大剂量国产抑肽酶对术后血小板数及功能均有良好的保护作用，明显减少术后出血及库血的应用。     

艾灸对溃疡性结肠炎大鼠结肠脂多糖/Toll样受体4信号通路的调节作用

目的：观察艾灸对溃疡性结肠炎(UC)大鼠结肠黏膜脂多糖(LPS)/Toll样受体4(TLR4)信号通路的调节作用,探讨艾灸干预UC的作用机制。方法：将36只雄性斯泼累格·多雷(SD)大鼠随机分为正常组、UC模型组、艾灸组和西药组,每组8只(剩余4只用于模型鉴定)。采用4%浓度的葡聚糖硫酸钠(DSS)溶液自由饮用7 d以建立UC大鼠模型。艾灸组取双侧“天枢穴”和“上巨虚穴”进行隔药饼灸,西药组采用美沙拉嗪肠溶片溶液灌胃。采用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)法检测大鼠血清LPS的蛋白含量;采用免疫组织化学法检测大鼠结肠组织脂多糖结合蛋白(LBP)、分化抗原14(CD14)、TLR4、髓样分化因子88(MyD88)、β干扰素TIR结构域衔接蛋白(TRIF)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的蛋白表达;采用逆转录PCR(RT-PCR)技术检测大鼠结肠组织中IL-6、TNF-α的信使核糖核酸(mRNA)表达。结果：与正常组相比,UC大鼠外周血清LPS的含量、结肠组织LBP、CD14、TLR4、MyD88、TRIF、IL-6和TNF-α的蛋白表达以及IL-6和TNF-α的mR...