支气管结核纤维支气管镜下局部清理、注药与联合微波治疗的疗效比较

支气管结核患者由于支气管局部的肉芽组织增生、溃疡、干酪性坏死、管腔狭窄阻塞等改变，虽然使用强有力的全身抗痨方案治疗，亦很难将其治愈，常常迁延不愈，局部结构组织破坏明显，引起永久性狭窄、闭塞，导致肺不张、毁损肺等严重的并发症。全身抗痨结合纤维支气管镜清理支气管局部的增生肉芽、坏死组织后注入异烟肼、链霉素的方法可使疗效明显提高。近年来微波技术已逐渐应用于通过纤维支气管镜治疗多种气道疾病。现将我院近5年来确诊的支气管结核用纤支镜局部病灶清理、注抗痨药治疗与同时联合微波热灼治疗的疗效进行分析、报告如下。     

识时度势保持特色力求发展--中西医合校的回顾与思考

新疆医科大学为全国第二家中西医合并院校.在新疆进行中西医合校,实属时势所使,事在必行.强弱相合,处于弱势的中医学院只有坚持相对独立,才能保证于合校后发扬中医药特色、办好中医药教育.中西医合校,给原本弱小的新疆高等中医药教育事业的发展带来了诸多可供凭借和利用的积极因素,同时也存在不少负面影响.新疆医科大学在实践中认清了中西医同校的优势与缺憾,采取扶持和爱护中医的策略,不断尝试规避冲突、化解矛盾、趋利祛弊、务期和谐,终喜事业有成,使高等中医药教育得以在新疆生存,并越过低谷,走上健康发展之路.     

腮腺良性和恶性多形性腺瘤的超声研究

目的研究腮腺良性和恶性多形性腺瘤的超声特点,为临床医师诊治提供有效依据。方法选取腮腺良性多形性腺瘤患者79例和恶性多形性腺瘤患者15例,对其肿块的大小、硬度、内部回声、彩色多普勒血流显像(CDFI)特点结合病理学诊断进行对照研究。结果恶性多形性腺瘤的声像图特点与良性多形性腺瘤相似,但其肿瘤相对较大,质地更硬,内部回声分布更紊乱。不同性质的肿瘤的大小和质地有显著性差异,(P<0.01)。结论多形性腺瘤的超声诊断主要依据二维图像之特点。当多形性腺瘤大于3.0 cm,硬度较硬,内部回声分布不均多提示恶性。     

胶质细胞活化对慢性前列腺炎/慢性盆腔疼痛综合征(CP/CPPS)大鼠脊髓背角P物质的影响

目的探讨胶质细胞活化对慢性前列腺炎/慢性盆腔疼痛综合征（chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndromes,CP/CPPS）大鼠脊髓背角P物质的影响。方法完全福氏佐剂和3%角叉菜胶前列腺内注射造成CP/CPPS模型,脊髓插管给药胶质细胞活化抑制剂Propentofylline干扰CP/CPPS模型大鼠,免疫组织化学方法观察正常组、疼痛模型组、药物干扰组脊髓节段（L6和S1）背角的胶质细胞的活化和P物质的定性定位,并用放射免疫的方法观察三组脊髓背角P物质的变化。结果脊髓背角胶质细胞活化阳性细胞数疼痛组明显增加,药物干扰组明显减少;P物质主要表达于脊髓背角且疼痛模型组明显增多,药物干扰组明显减少。结论胶质细胞活化是CP/CPPS大鼠脊髓背角P物质变化的重要原因,胶质细胞活化抑制剂的应用将是治疗CP/CPPS的新亮点。     

风疹易感人群婚前风疹疫苗接种预防先天性风疹综合征

目的探讨婚前风疹易感人群风疹疫苗接种在提高孕妇对风疹的免疫力,预防先天性风疹综合征中的作用.方法对10 913例婚前风疹病毒抗体IgG阴性者给予国产风疹减毒活疫苗注射.3个月随防671例,比较风疹疫苗接种前后该地区孕妇近期风疹感染的发病率.结果818例风疹病毒抗体IgG阴性者接种后抗体转阳率为99.8%.风疹疫苗接种前后3年孕妇近期风疹感染率分别为0.37%及0.08%,有明显下降,有非常显著差异(P＜0.001).结论应用国产风疹减毒活疫苗对婚前易感人群作预防接种可提高育龄妇女对风疹的免疫力,降低孕期风疹感染的发生率,是预防先天性风疹综合征及风疹致畸的有效、安全措施.     

降糖灵1号降血糖的实验研究

目的　验证降糖灵 1号的降血糖作用。方法　以大、小白鼠为实验动物 ,分别与空白对照、高血糖对照及降糖甲片组和消渴丸组进行对照。研究降糖灵 1号对肾上腺素性和四氧嘧啶性高血糖的药理作用。结果　降糖灵 1号组除与消渴丸组对糖尿病差异无显著性意义 (P >0 0 5 )外 ,与其他各组差异均有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 ,P <0 0 1)。结论　降糖灵 1号具有明显的降血糖作用     

护理病历书写现状的调查与分析

护理病历是指用记录或图表等形式确切地反映病人健康状态,护理人员所提供的各种干预、病人接受干预后的反映,不但具有价值的医疗资料,而且是具有一定法律效应的文件[1]。为了提高护理病历的书写质量,通过采用Nursing Audit方法[2]对150份护理病历进行了评审,找出目前存在的问题     

Lecithin vesicles for topical delivery of diclofenac.

Skin penetration of topically applied diclofenac is important for the treatment of rheumatic diseases and actinic keratoses. We have studied the permeation of diclofenac across human cadaver epidermis in-vitro from four lecithin vesicle formulations and a few marketed semi-solid preparations. The lecithin vesicle formulations were prepared by dissolving the lipid contents (lecithin and sodium cholate) in a 1:1 mixture of methanol-chloroform, evaporating the solvents under vacuum, and hydrating the lipid layer with the drug solution in water or 10% ethanol. The vesicles were sonicated for 5 min to reduce the vesicle size and their size and Zeta potential were characterized. The cumulative amount and maximum flux of diclofenac was 69.7+/-40.3 micrograms and 4.77+/-3.16 micrograms/hcm(2) from lecithin vesicles containing sodium cholate and 10% ethanol, and is the highest of all formulations studied. The cumulative amount and mean maximum flux obtained from other formulations were in the range of 2.46+/-1.98-29.9+/-10.1 micrograms and 0.53+/-0.46-3.61+/-0.86 micrograms/hcm(2). Based on the results, lecithin vesicles of diclofenac appear to be advantageous for the topical delivery of diclofenac.     

草酸钙结石形成对肾组织bikunin和IαI表达的影响

目的研究肾草酸钙结石形成对肾组织bikunin基因和间α胰蛋白酶抑制物(IαI)蛋白表达的影响,探讨bikunin在尿结石形成中的意义。方法诱导实验性大鼠肾草酸钙结石模型,收集结石大鼠、正常大鼠、临床肾结石和非结石患者每组各8例的肾组织标本。采用免疫组化、逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和计算机图像分析技术分别检测所有大鼠和人肾组织中bikuninmRNA和IαI蛋白的表达水平。结果正常大鼠和非结石患者肾组织均存在bikuninmRNA和IαI蛋白的表达。肾草酸钙结石形成后,结石大鼠肾组织IαI蛋白的灰度值和bikuninmRNA的相对表达水平分别为198.43±15.17、0.70±0.14;肾结石患者肾组织IαI蛋白的灰度值和bikuninmRNA的相对表达水平分别为263.25±17.41、1.27±0.13,分别和对照组相比,均显著增加(P<0.05)。结论Bikunin作为构成IαI的轻链结构,在肾草酸钙结石形成后,bikuninmRNA的表达迅速增强,提示机体通过肾脏合成更多的bikunin来抑制肾草酸钙结石的形成。     

Inhibitory effects of benzoate on chiral inversion and clearance of N(G)-nitro-arginine in conscious rats.

N(G)-nitro-arginine (NNA) is known to exhibit stereoselective pharmacokinetics in which N(G)-nitro-d-arginine (d-NNA) has a faster clearance rate than N(G)-nitro-l-arginine (l-NNA) in anesthetized rats, and d-NNA undergoes unidirectional chiral inversion. It was postulated that chiral inversion of d-NNA was performed in a two-step pathway by d-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) followed by an unidentified transaminase. Such chiral inversion contributes (at least partially) to the pharmacokinetic stereoselectivity of NNA. This study used the selective inhibitor of DAAO, sodium benzoate, to test the above hypothesis. An i.v. bolus injection of d-NNA (32 mg/kg) and l-NNA (16 mg/kg) in conscious rats exhibited biphasic disposition with different pharmacokinetic parameters in a stereospecific manner (approximately 5-10-fold differences). Unidirectional chiral inversion of d-NNA but not l-NNA was found from these animals. In addition to its similar inhibitory effects on the d-NNA conversion and DAAO activity in kidney homogenates, sodium benzoate completely blocked chiral inversion of d-NNA and led to a smaller stereospecific difference, reflected by a nearly 50% reduction of d-NNA clearance and a 2-fold increase in t(1/2) and area under the curve of d-NNA in benzoate-pretreated rats. The results suggest that DAAO plays an essential role in chiral inversion of d-NNA and chiral inversion contributes mostly to the pharmacokinetic stereospecificity of NNA.