乌索酸药理作用研究进展

乌索酸为五环三萜类药合物,资源广,毒性低、具有广泛的生物活性。有抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗肝炎、抗炎抑菌,降血脂1抗溃疡等作用。尤其抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗肝炎作用显,有望成为抗肿瘤,抗肝炎药物。     

Critically ill,tubular injury,delayed early recovery: characteristics of acute kidney disease with renal oxalosis

ObjectsThis study aimed to analyze the clinicopathological features of acute kidney disease (AKD) with renal oxalosis.MethodsData for biopsy-proven AKD with oxalosis diagnosed from Jan 2011 to Oct 2018 was collected. The underlying diseases, dietary habits, clinical and pathological characteristics of newly emerging kidney disease were analyzed. The long-term renal prognosis was observed.ResultsA total of 23 patients were included, comprised of 18 men and 5 women with a mean age of 51.6 ± 15.9 years. The peak Scr was 669.9 ± 299.8 μmol/L, and 95.7% of patients had stage 3 acute kidney injury (AKI). Drug-induced tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) was the most common cause (65.2%) of AKD, followed by severe nephrotic syndrome (17.4%). All patients had pathological changes indicating TIN, and 11 patients were complicated with the newly emerging glomerular disease (GD). The risk of oxalosis caused by increased enterogenous oxalate absorption accounted for only 26.1%, and others came from new kidney diseases. The majority (75%) of abundant (medium to severe) oxalosis occurred in patients without GD. There were no significant differences in the score for tubular injury (T-IS) and interstitial inflammation with different severities of oxalosis. Rate of Scr decrease (ΔScr%) at 2 weeks was negatively correlated with the severity of oxalosis (R = −0.542, p = 0.037), score for T-IS (R = −0.553, p = 0.033), and age (R = −0.736, p = 0.002). The decrease in Scr at 4 weeks was correlated with T-IS (R = −0.433), but had no correlation with oxalosis.ConclusionsThe present findings revealed that 95.7% of AKD with secondary renal oxalosis occurred in critically ill patients. AKD from tubular injury was the prominent cause. Severe oxalosis contributed to delayed early recovery of AKD.     

摄生肝泰胶囊对实验动物诱生干扰素的影响

通过细胞病变抑制法(CPE)测得摄生肝泰胶囊对实验动物大鼠和小鼠均有诱生干扰素的作用,结果表明,所诱生的干扰素符合Ⅱ型干扰素的性质。     

嗜酸乳杆菌对口腔白色念珠菌感染的抑制作用

目的 探讨嗜酸乳杆菌对口腔白色念珠菌感染的抑制作用。方法 采用体外白色念珠菌感染模型，观察嗜酸乳杆菌对白色念珠菌粘附于人口腔粘膜上皮细胞及对小鼠口腔念珠菌感染的影响。结果 接种嗜酸乳杆菌小鼠口腔白色念珠菌感染率在同一时相点比较，明显低于接种灭活嗜酸乳杆菌、表皮葡萄球菌及对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论 嗜酸乳杆菌对口腔白色念珠菌感染有明显的抑制作用。     

性激素结合球蛋白基因Asp327Asn多态性与2型糖尿病的相关性研究

目的：研究中国汉族人群性激素结合球蛋白（Sex hormone-binding globulin,SHBG）基因Asp327Asn多态性与2型糖尿病（Type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM）发病风险的关系。方法：应用限制性片段长度多态性（Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism,PCR-RFLP）方法,对599例重庆及周边地区汉族人群（T2DM患者248例、正常对照351例） Asp327Asn进行基因分型。用稳态模型（Homeostatic model assessment,HOMA）评估胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR）和胰岛β细胞功能（HOMA-B）。结果：Asn等位基因的分布频率T2DM组低于正常对照组（分别为14.5％、20.1％）;与Asp等位基因携带者相比,Asn等位基因携带者患T2DM的风险显著降低（OR=0.62,95％CI为0.42~0.91,P=0.016）。结论：SHBG基因Asp327Asn位点Asn等位基因可能与低T2DM患病风险相关。     

屏胶乳腺X线摄影和数字化乳腺X线摄影的对比研究

数字乳腺X线摄影（DM）较屏胶乳腺X线摄影（SFM）具有更多的优势,其对于图像的获取、储存和显示都是相互分离的,每个系统都能优化产生最佳效果,而且数字图像能够由计算机处理并显示为多种形式。因此,DM系统正逐渐替代SFM系统并成为筛查及诊断乳腺癌的常规手段。就DM和SFM的成像原理、图像质量、图像处理以及临床应用进行比较。     

主动脉夹层患者临床特征及预后分析

目的探讨主动脉夹层患者的临床特征、诊断、治疗及预后。方法对56例主动脉夹层患者的病因、临床表现、影像学检查、分型、治疗和预后进行回顾性分析。结果主动脉夹层的常见原因为高血压;临床表现主要为胸、背部疼痛,CT和MRI检查确诊率高;A型患者的并发症发生率和死亡率显著高于B型患者;介入治疗临床效果较好。结论A型患者的预后较B型差,早期诊断、合理治疗可以改善患者的预后。     

主动脉夹层动脉瘤形成并破裂1例

患者,男,64岁。因背痛7h,大汗伴血压下降1h,于2006年3月20日入院。患者于入院前7h无明显诱因出现背痛,尚能忍受,测血压180/100mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa),自服硝苯地平(心痛定)10mg,30min后血压无明显下降,又自服依那普利10mg,3h后疼痛减轻。入院前1h上厕所时突然出现意识丧失,伴大汗、尿失禁。约2min后意识恢复,但觉头晕,家人呼救“120”至家中,当时测血压为0mmHg,立即予多巴胺静脉滴注,转入我院,急诊以“背痛原因待查”收入我科。既往患高血压10余年、血压控制一般,主动脉夹层7年未行外科手术治疗。体检:血压0mmHg,脉搏94次/min。神志清,嗜睡…     

大肠癌的靶向治疗

大肠癌是常见的恶性肿瘤之一,发病率及死亡率亦逐年上升,严重威胁人们的生命。目前对大肠癌的治疗仍是以手术为主、辅以局部或全身放疗及化疗的综合治疗。早期大肠癌手术治疗效果明确,但有20～25%左右的患者在首诊时已有其它器官的转移给治疗带来了困难。而靶向治疗作为一种新的治疗手段,为晚期大肠癌的治疗开辟了新途径。     

基于文本挖掘分析甲型H1N1流感的中医药治疗特色

从中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)中检索治疗甲型H1N1流感的文献数据,针对半格式化的原始数据,进行格式化转换,存储于大型关系型数据库;针对格式化的数据,采用基于敏感关键词频数统计的离散导数算法,对文献数据进行挖掘处理;针对文本挖掘的结果,结合原文献人工回溯可疑结果,得到以下结论:(1)在治疗甲型H1N1流感的过程中,中药以清热解毒为主;(2)中成药以连花清瘟胶囊、痰热清注射液、清开灵制剂、双黄连制剂为主;(3)以药测证,可推断甲型H1N1流感的发病特点是毒、火(热)、湿(痰);(4)中成药的使用以西医医生为主,但存在辩证使用问题;(5)针对文本挖掘的可疑结果,回溯原文献是一种不可替代的方法。