中药复方护骨胶囊对糖皮质激素诱导骨质疏松 大鼠骨密度和骨形态计量学的研究

目的 探讨中药复方护骨胶囊(主要由制何首乌、淫羊藿、熟地黄等多味中药加工而成的复方制剂)对糖皮质激素诱导骨质疏松大鼠骨丢失的影响.方法 3月龄SPF级雄性SD大鼠30只,随机平均分为3组:正常对照组(Nrm)、激素组(Met)和中药组(CH).Met组:皮下注射甲强龙(Met)5mg/kg/d,每周5次;CH组:在Met组基础上给予中药复方护骨胶囊(150 mg/kg/d)灌胃,实验期12w.大鼠右侧股骨和腰椎行骨密度(BMD)测定,右侧胫骨行骨形态计量学分析.结果 Met组腰椎和股骨BMD显著低于Nrm组;CH组腰椎和股骨BMD显著高于Met组.Met组Tb.N、%Tb.Ar、MS/BS、MAR和BFRs显著低于Nrm组,Tb.Sp、ES/BS显著高于Nrm组;中药组Tb.N、%Tb.Ar、MS/BS、MAR和BFRs显著高于Met组,Tb.Sp,ES/BS显著低于Met组.结论 中药复方护骨胶囊在提高激素诱导骨质疏松大鼠的骨密度,促进骨形成,降低骨吸收,延缓骨丢失方面有积极作用,对继发性骨质疏松的预防和治疗有一定前景.     

认知行为干预对肺移植受者等待供肺期间身心状态的影响

目的探讨认知行为干预模式对肺移植受者等待供肺期间改善其身心状态的效果。方法将拟行肺移植受者50例按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各25例,对照组等待供肺期间按常规治疗和护理,观察组在此基础上实施认知行为干预。于患者入院时和干预后分别测定其心理和生理指标。结果干预后观察组患者疾病不确定感、焦虑和抑郁评分显著低于对照组(均P<0.01),患者收缩压、脉率和呼吸频率较对照组显著下降(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论认知行为干预可降低肺移植受者等待供肺期间的负性情绪,保持生命体征平稳,具有较好的可行性和有效性。     

Anti-inflammatory treatment increases angiogenesis during early fracture healing

Objectives

Both inflammation and angiogenesis are crucial for normal fracture healing. The goal of this work was to determine how anti-inflammatory treatment affects angiogenesis during early stages of fracture repair.

Methods

Tibia fractures were created in adult mice and animals were treated with indomethacin (2?mg/kg/day), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, or PBS once a day beginning from 1 day before fracture and continuing to 6?days after fracture. Animals were killed at 7, 14, and 28?days after injury for histomorphometric analysis of fracture healing. A second group of animals were killed at 3 and 7?days after injury to measure tissue levels of VEGF and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β). A third group of animals were killed at 3 and 7?days after injury for stereology analysis of macrophage and neutrophil infiltration and tissue vascularization.

Results

Indomethacin significantly decreased bone and cartilage formation at 7?days after fracture compared to controls. Indomethacin decreased the tissue levels of IL-1β at 3?days after fracture but did not affect the recruitment of macrophages or neutrophils to injured limbs. Indomethacin-treated fractures had similar length density and surface density of vasculature as the controls at 3?days after injury. At 7?days after fracture, vasculature in indomethacin-treated fractures exhibited higher length density and surface density than that in controls. By 28?days after injury, indomethacin-treated fractures still exhibited defects in fracture repair.

Conclusions

Anti-inflammatory treatments using indomethacin impair bone and cartilage formation and increase tissue vascularization in the callus during early fracture healing.     

原发性肝癌化疗药物敏感性检测的临床价值

目的 探讨三磷酸腺苷生物荧光法(ATP-TCA)评估原发性肝癌药物敏感性和指导术后介入化疗的临床价值。方法 以ATP-TCA法在体外分别检测了19例原发性肝癌细胞对6种化疗药物的耐药率和敏感率。结果 5FU、DDP等常用化疗药物的耐药率在78％以上，泰素、羟基喜树碱和丝裂霉素对肝癌的敏感率分别为89．67％、64．39％和47．11％。结论 ATP-TCA法用于检测原发性肝癌化疗药物敏感性稳定可靠，可作为指导肝癌术后序贯性化疗的药物筛选手段。     

胸腰椎骨折伴脊髓损伤前后路手术适应证的选择

目的 通过107例胸腰椎骨折伴脊髓损伤病例的治疗,探讨前、后路手术适应证的选择。方法 31例经前路减压植骨,采用Z-Plate等内固定。76例经后路采用短节段椎弓根钉内固定。结果 两组均获得了满意的疗效。结论 选择前或后路手术,应综合考虑脊髓损伤程度、手术时机与技巧、骨折的部位、骨折类型和影像结果等,才能确实做到减压、恢复脊柱序列和坚强固定的目的。     

双J管在直肠膀胱-乙状结肠腹壁造口术中的应用

目的探讨双J管内引流在直肠膀胱-乙状结肠腹壁造口术中的应用价值。方法对8例行直肠膀胱-乙状结肠腹壁造口术治疗的患者使用双J管作支架管,并与同期使用输尿管导管的12例患者进行对比。结果使用双J管者无一例发生吻合口漏尿、狭窄、伤口及尿路逆行感染等并发症,术后平均住院(12.25±2.60)d;使用输尿管导管者2例分别发生漏尿和切口感染,无并发症者术后平均住院(18.30±6.70)d,二者差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论在直肠膀胱-乙状结肠腹壁造口术中,使用双J管作支架管可减轻住院期间的护理工作,缩短住院时间,减少住院费用及并发症,有推广应用价值。     

T细胞死亡相关基因8的研究进展

背景 T细胞死亡相关基因8(T cell death associated gene 8,TDAG8)受体是一种质子敏感的G蛋白耦联受体(G protein coupled receptor,GPCR),在机体内广泛表达,但其生物学功能和临床相关性仍不十分清楚.随着对TDAG8的研究不断深入,尤其是TDAG8变构激动剂和变构拮抗剂的发现,为揭示TDAG8的生理功能和作用提供了重要的研究工具.目的 通过论述TDAG8可能介导的作用及其机制,为进一步研究阐述TDAG8的生物学功能及其临床相关性提供重要的理论依据.内容 系统性地综述TDAG8的生理功能及其作用机制.趋向 TDAG8可能是炎症反应的重要调节器.     

Low body mass index can be predictive of bracing failure in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a retrospective study

Purposes

To determine the relationship between low body mass index (BMI) and the outcome of brace treatment in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Methods

350 braced female AIS patients were included in this study. The baseline characteristics of the patient were recorded at their first visit, including age, Risser sign, digital skeletal age, BMI, curve pattern, and curve magnitude. Underweight was defined as lower than the 5th percentile of the sex- and age-specific BMI. The treatment was considered as a failure if the curve progressed more than 5°, or if patients underwent surgery. According to the final outcome of brace treatment, the cohort was divided into the success group and the failure group. A logistic regression model was created to determine the independent predictors of the bracing outcome.

Results

24.5% (86/350) of the patients were identified as underweight at their initial visit, which was significantly higher than the rate of 13.1% (46/350) at the final follow-up (p < 0.001). At the initial visit of the patients, the rate of underweight was 17.6% (45/255) in the success group, which was significantly lower than the rate of 43.1% (41/95) in the failure group (p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that low BMI was significantly associated with bracing failure (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The low BMI could be predictive of bracing failure in AIS patients, which should be taken into account when surgeons prescribe brace treatment to such patients.

     

肾动脉CTA最佳成像时间点分析:CT灌注成像与CTA对比

目的采用全肾CT灌注成像(CTP)数据提取最佳CTA期相,并与自动触发扫描获得的CTA图像进行对比。方法回顾性分析因怀疑肾脏或上中腹部疾病行肾脏CT增强及灌注扫描的连续患者(n=21)以及同时期进行全腹CTA成像的患者(n=19)。灌注扫描患者先进行肾脏平扫,然后进行灌注扫描;CTA成像患者使用自动触发技术扫描。灌注图像采用CT Perfusion 4D肾脏灌注软件进行分析,根据左肾动脉和左肾静脉的时间-密度曲线(TDC)选择两个肾动脉CTA的期相,分别为A组和B组。CTA扫描数据使用Viewer功能进行测量,为C组。记录左肾动脉、左肾静脉CT值以及皮下脂肪的CT值和SD值。计算左肾动脉与左肾静脉的CT值差值、CNR及SNR,并进行对比。将CTA数据进行肾动脉血管重建,进行主观评分并进行分析。结果 3组的左肾动脉CT值、左肾静脉CT值、动静脉CT值差值、皮下脂肪CT值、皮下脂肪SD值、CNR、SNR间差异均有统计学意义(P均0.001)。除A组与C组肾动脉CT值、A组与B组和B组与C组动静脉CT值差值、A组与B组皮下脂肪CT值和SD值、CNR、SNR差异无统计学意义外(P均0.05),余两两比较差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05)。结论利用肾脏CTP数据,可获得肾动脉CTA数据;肾动脉与肾静脉CT值差值最大且满足肾动脉CT值超过300HU的期相为最佳肾动脉CTA成像期相。