Role of Periductal and Ductular Epithelial Cells of the Adult Rat Pancreas in Pancreatic Hepatocyte Lineage: A Change in the Differentiation Commitment

Development of pancreatic hepatocytes in adult rats maintained on copper deficient diet containing 0.6% trien (CuDT) has been reported recently. To elucidate the histogenesis of hepatocytes a sequential study was undertaken using morphologic, histochemical, immunochemical, in situ hybridization, and Northern blot analysis. Male F-344 rats weighing 80 to 90 g were fed CuDT for 8 weeks and returned to normal rat chow. Beginning from 4 weeks of copper depletion, there was a progressive loss of acinar cells and by 8 weeks more than 90% of the acinar tissue was lost. During this period, there was an increase in the number of adipocytes in the interstitium, and in the number of interstitial and ductular cells. Morphologic observations were confirmed by immunoblot and Northern blot analysis, in which the amount of pancreatic proteins and their mRNAs decreased between 5 and 8 weeks. During this period, a progressive increase in the level of albumin mRNA was observed. In situ hybridization, performed at 7 weeks of copper deficiency, showed localization of albumin mRNA over interstitial and ductular cells. Pancreatic hepatocytes were identified immediately after the rats were returned to a normal diet and gradually increased in number. The hepatocytes occupied almost 60% of the pancreatic volume by 8 weeks. During the early recovery phase, hepatocytes were identified in ductules as well as in the interstitium. Based on these studies, it is concluded that both the ductular cells and interstitial cells, which resemble oval cells of liver, are capable of transforming into pancreatic hepatocytes and these cells may be considered stem-cell equivalent.     

品管圈在提高医院药房药学服务质量中的应用研究

目的：综述品管圈在提高药房药学服务质量中的应用研究,以期在医院药房管理中采用新的管理方式,为患者提供更优的服务。方法：本文从品管圈在医院药房管理中降低药品调剂差错,降低不合格处方的发生率,提升患者满意度三方面进行综述。结果：品管圈的实施能够大大提高医院药房的药学服务质量。结论：品管圈是现代医院药房药学服务质量得到持续改进和提高的有力保障。     

四棱豆抗氧化活性研究

目的研究四棱豆不同提取部位的抗氧化活性。方法采用DPPH法、ABTS法和FRAP分析方法对四棱豆体外抗氧化活性进行综合评价,并分析其总多酚与总黄酮含量与其抗氧化活性的相关性。结果四棱豆石油醚部位和正丁醇部位抗氧化活性分别为ABTS:IC50=70.14 mg/L,TEAC=105.37μmoL/g和ABTS:IC50=46.91mg/L,TEAC=596.62μmoL/g,其活性均弱于阳性对照药物BHT(ABTS:IC50=6.56 mg/L,TEAC=2 503.17μmoL/g)。结论四棱豆石油醚部位和正丁醇部位均有一定的抗氧化活性,且后者抗氧化活性高于前者。正丁醇部位清除ABTS自由基及还原Fe3+的能力可能与总多酚含量较高有关。     

Variances Handling Method of Clinical Pathways Based on T-S Fuzzy Neural Networks with Novel Hybrid Learning Algorithm

Clinical pathways’ variances present complex, fuzzy, uncertain and high-risk characteristics. They could cause complicating diseases or even endanger patients’ life if not handled effectively. In order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of variances handling by Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy neural networks (FNNs), a new variances handling method for clinical pathways (CPs) is proposed in this study, which is based on T-S FNNs with novel hybrid learning algorithm. And the optimal structure and parameters can be achieved simultaneously by integrating the random cooperative decomposing particle swarm optimization algorithm (RCDPSO) and discrete binary version of PSO (DPSO) algorithm. Finally, a case study on liver poisoning of osteosarcoma preoperative chemotherapy CP is used to validate the proposed method. The result demonstrates that T-S FNNs based on the proposed algorithm achieves superior performances in efficiency, precision, and generalization ability to standard T-S FNNs, Mamdani FNNs and T-S FNNs based on other algorithms (CPSO and PSO) for variances handling of CPs.     

附子提取物抗胃癌SGC-7901细胞增殖及诱导癌细胞凋亡实验研究

[目的]观察附子提取物诱导胃癌SGC-7901细胞凋亡的作用及机制。[方法]分别采用不同浓度(20、40、80 mg·mL~(-1))的附子溶液干预SGC-7901胃癌细胞24h、48h、72h,用四唑盐(MTT)比色法检测附子提取物对肿瘤细胞的抑制作用:采用以上浓度梯度的附子干预SGC-7901细胞24h(或采用80 mg·mL~(-1)的附子干预0h、24h、48h),应用Annexin V-FITC/PI双重染色,通过流式细胞仪观察SGC-7901的凋亡情况。[结果]附子提取物能显著地抑制SGC-7901细胞的生长,并具有浓度及时间依赖性,细胞有明显的凋亡改变。[结论]附子提取物具有抗胃癌SGC-7901细胞增殖和诱导癌细胞凋亡的作用。     

高通量测序技术检测非小细胞肺癌相关驱动基因的突变

目的:探讨高通量测序技术在非小细胞肺癌驱动基因检测中的应用.方法:应用Ion Torrent高通量测序平台,检测150例非小细胞肺癌(non-small-cell lung cancer,NSCLC)患者EGFR、KRAS、BRAF、NRAS、Her-2和PIK3CA基因突变,并利用Sanger测序法和微滴式数字PCR...     

硝苯地平控释片体内外相关性溶出方法研究

目的 开发相应的能区分和反映参比制剂与自研制剂之间释放差异的溶出方法,使自研制剂与参比制剂体外释放达到最大程度的匹配,从而为生物等效性试验提供体内外更具相关性的研究。方法 采用美国药典(USP)溶出2法(桨法)作为质量控制方法;另采用流池法作为溶出区分性方法,评估不同实验参数下的溶出结果。结果 优化并确立方法为开环系统,流速3.0 mL·min^-1,加1/2勺玻璃珠。该方法可以有效区分处方和生产工艺变化对产品溶出的影响。以此法为基础所得到的体外溶出速率和溶出度与体内药动学研究结果一致。结论 本研究所开发的流池法适合作为硝苯地平控释片的溶出区分性方法,并具备一定的体内体外相关性。     

Interleukin-1β transfer across the blood–brain barrier in the ovine fetus

Pro-inflammatory cytokines contribute to hypoxic–ischemic brain injury. Blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction represents an important component of hypoxic–ischemic brain injury in the fetus. Hypoxic–ischemic injury could accentuate systemic cytokine transfer across the fetal BBB. There has been considerable conjecture suggesting that systemic cytokines could cross the BBB during the perinatal period. Nonetheless, evidence to support this contention is sparse. We hypothesized that ischemia–reperfusion increases the transfer of systemic interleukin-1β (IL-1β) across the BBB in the fetus. Ovine fetuses at 127 days of gestation were studied 4 hours after 30 minutes of bilateral carotid artery occlusion and compared with a nonischemic group. Recombinant ovine IL-1β protein was expressed from an IL-1β pGEX-2 T vector in E. coli BL-21 cells and purified. The BBB function was quantified in 12 brain regions using a blood-to-brain transfer constant with intravenous ¹²⁵I-radiolabeled IL-1β (¹²⁵I-IL-1β). Interleukin-1β crossed the intact BBB in nonischemic fetuses. Blood-to-brain transport of ¹²⁵I-IL-1β was higher (P<0.05) across brain regions in fetuses exposed to ischemia–reperfusion than nonischemic fetuses. We conclude that systemic IL-1β crosses the intact fetal BBB, and that ischemia–reperfusion increases transfer of this cytokine across the fetal BBB. Therefore, altered BBB function after hypoxia–ischemia facilitates entry of systemic cytokines into the brain of the fetus.     

主动脉球囊反搏术对急性心肌梗死并发心源性休克患者冠状动脉介入术后C反应蛋白水平的影响

目的:评价急性心肌梗死(AMI) 并发心源性休克患者行急诊介入治疗(PCI)时主动脉球囊反搏术(IABP)对术后C反应蛋白(CRP)水平的影响.方法:43例在IABP支持下行急诊PCI的并发心源性休克的AMI患者为IABP组,将同期行急诊PCI但没有行IABP支持的合并心源性休克的AMI患者48例设为对照组;入院后分别测定入院时以及第3天、第7天的CRP水平;比较2组PCI术后TnI峰值,术后2周、3个月的左室射血分数,随访患者术后3个月的病死率.结果:2组患者入院时的CRP水平无明显差异,而第3天、第7天的CRP水平IABP组明显低于对照组[(80.3±42.8):(98.9±31.6) mg/L , (70.6±34.3):(85.8±25.8 )mg/L;均P<0.05];IABP组患者术后TNI峰值明显低于对照组[(21.6±4.1):(23.7±4.6)ng/ml, P<0.05],术后2周、3个月的左室射血分数较对照组明显改善[(44.7±7.3)%:(40.5±6.2)%,( 45.1±6.6)%:(40.7±4.4)%;均P<0.05];而IABP组术后3个月内的病死率明显降低(P<0.05).结论:对并发心源性休克的AMI患者行急诊PCI术同时采用IABP支持治疗能明显降低术后CRP水平,并能有效地改善左室功能和降低术后3个月内病死率.     

Overstitch在临床应用中的安全性评价

Overstitch内镜缝合系统是近年来逐渐应用于临床的内镜下空腔脏器全层缝合设备,该设备扩大了消化内镜手术的治疗范围,推进了临床手术治疗的微创化。近年来关于该设备的临床试验层出不穷,展示了Overstitch应用于临床治疗的潜力,但时见其相关并发症及不良反应报道,Overstitch相关手术的安全性尚待验证。本文就Overstitch的临床应用及安全性进行综述和讨论,旨在揭示该设备用于治疗消化系统疾病的优势及不足,进而评价这一新兴内镜缝合设备在临床应用中的安全性。