疏风止咳颗粒提取物对气道高反应损伤模型大鼠的改善作用

目的:分析疏风止咳颗粒提取物对气道高反应损伤模型大鼠的改善作用及其作用机制。方法:SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组,模型组,地塞米松组,苏黄止咳胶囊组,疏风止咳颗粒提取物高剂量组、中剂量组、低剂量组,其中正常对照组14只,模型组30只,其余各组均16只,雌雄各半。实验开始第1天、第8天大鼠四肢皮下及腹腔注射卵蛋白混悬液(100 mg卵蛋白+200 mg氢氧化铝+1 mL生理盐水),每点0.2 mL,每只1 mL,正常对照组以等量生理盐水进行注射;第15天起按10 mL·kg~(-1)灌胃给予地塞米松(1.20 mg·kg~(-1)),苏黄止咳胶囊(0.41 g·kg~(-1)),疏风止咳颗粒提取物各剂量组[3.60 g(生药)·kg~(-1))、2.40 g(生药)·kg~(-1)、1.60 g(生药)·kg~(-1)],正常对照组和模型组灌胃给予等量蒸馏水。每天给药后分批将致敏大鼠置于密闭容器内,给予1%卵蛋白生理盐水混悬液进行雾化吸入30 min,雾化流量为3 mL·min~(-1),正常对照组给予等量生理盐水进行雾化。持续喷雾给药3周后,采用16通道生理记录仪有创法检测大鼠气道阻力;ELISA法检测血清白细胞介素-13(interleukin-13,IL-13)、IgE和肺脏匀浆液中高迁移率族蛋白(high mobility group box 1 protein,HMGB-1)的表达情况;血细胞分析仪检测肺泡灌洗液中白细胞计数及分类,观察HE染色肺组织形态学变化。结果:与模型组比较,疏风止咳颗粒提取物高剂量组、中剂量组在氯化乙酰胆碱80μg·kg~(-1)、160μg·kg~(-1)引喘剂量下可显著降低模型大鼠的气道阻力(P0.05,0.05,0.001,0.001);疏风止咳颗粒提取物高剂量组、中剂量组大鼠血清中IgE的水平显著下降(P0.01,0.05);疏风止咳颗粒提取物高剂量组大鼠血清中IL-13水平显著下降(P0.05);疏风止咳颗粒提取物高剂量组、中剂量组、低剂量组大鼠肺脏组织匀浆中HMGB-1水平显著下降(P0.05,0.01,0.01);疏风止咳颗粒提取物高剂量组大鼠肺脏灌洗液中白细胞、中性粒细胞、单核细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞计数明显下降(P0.01,0.05,0.05,0.01);疏风止咳颗粒提取物中剂量组白细胞、单核细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞计数明显下降(P0.01,0.05,0.01);疏风止咳颗粒提取物低剂量组白细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞计数显著下降(P0.05,0.01)。病理组织学观察发现:疏风止咳颗粒提取物高剂量组、中剂量组、低剂量组可明显改善气道高反应损伤模型大鼠肺脏气道黏膜上皮损伤、肺组织炎性细胞浸润、肺泡扩张充血、支气管平滑肌增厚、肺泡间隔增厚及肺实变等肺损伤的病理组织学变化(P0.01,0.05,0.05)。结论:疏风止咳颗粒提取物可通过缓解气道阻力、调节肺脏组织炎症免疫网络、抑制炎性细胞浸润,从而达到改善气道高反应损伤的作用。     

全面触发工具回顾性监测与自愿上报的药品不良事件比较

摘 要比较应用美国健康促进研究所推出的全面触发工具（GTT）主动监测药品不良事件（ADE）与采用自愿报告系统上报的ADE,为更好地应用两种监测方法预防和减少药品不良事件提供参考。方法：回顾性分析某院2014年应用GTT监测的成年住院患者的ADE与同期医院自愿报告的ADE的特点。结果：自愿上报ADE的可预防率为4.08%,GTT监测为18.75%。ADE相关患者中内科明显多于外科。自愿上报ADE中E级为主,且有F级、H级事件,GTT监测的ADE中E级与F级事件较多。ADE涉及的给药途径以静滴、口服和皮下给药为主,涉及的药品中频率最高的是中药、抗肿瘤药和胰岛素。结论：GTT监测与自愿上报两种方法监测到的ADE类型有一定互补性,建议医疗机构同时应用两种方法,以更好地预防和减少ADE的发生。     

UHRF1 promotes proliferation of gastric cancer via mediating tumor suppressor gene hypermethylation

Epigenetic changes play significant roles in cancer development. UHRF1, an epigenetic regulator, has been shown to be overexpressed and to coordinate tumor suppressor gene (TSG) silencing in several cancers. In a previous study, we found that UHRF1 promoted gastric cancer (GC) invasion and metastasis. However, the role and underlying mechanism of UHRF1 in GC carcinogenesis remain largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated UHRF1 expression and function in GC proliferation and explored its downstream regulatory mechanism. The results demonstrated that UHRF1 overexpression was an independent and significant predictor of GC prognosis. Downregulation of UHRF1 suppressed GC proliferation and growth in vitro and in vivo, and UHRF1 upregulation showed opposite effects. Furthermore, downregulation of UHRF1 reactivated 7 TSGs, including CDX2, CDKN2A, RUNX3, FOXO4, PPARG, BRCA1 and PML, via promoter demethylation. These results provide insight into the GC proliferation process, and suggest that targeting UHRF1 represents a new therapeutic approach to block GC development.     

氯气吸入致大鼠肺血管内皮细胞的线粒体损伤及红景天苷的干预作用

目的：观察氯气致大鼠肺损伤过程中,线粒体的结构与功能变化及红景天苷的干预作用,探讨红景天苷可能的保护机制。方法：36只雄性SD大鼠随机分为6组,分别为未染毒组（给予空气）,以及氯气染毒后0.5、1.5、3、6和9 h组,给予1 200 mg/m³氯气暴露处理5 min。另24只雄性SD大鼠随机分为4组,分别为氯气暴露组、红景天苷干预组、红景天苷对照组和阴性对照组,氯气染毒条件同上,红景天苷干预组和红景天苷对照组在氯气染毒前30 min和染毒后15 min各给予1次300 mg/kg红景天苷灌胃,阴性对照组给予生理盐水灌胃。比色法检测各组大鼠肺泡灌洗液（BALF）和血清中乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）的活力;透射电镜下观察氯气暴露后3 h肺组织血管内皮细胞线粒体超微结构改变;定磷法检测肺组织Na⁺,K⁺-ATP酶和Ca²⁺,Mg²⁺-ATP酶的活力,低温差速离心法分离并提取线粒体蛋白;Western blot法检测肺组织或线粒体中Tom 20、PINK1以及Parkin蛋白表达水平。结果：与未染毒组相比,氯气暴露0.5 h后,大鼠BALF中LDH活力显著升高（P < 0.05）;肺组织PINK1、Parkin、Tom20蛋白表达水平均显著升高（P < 0.05）,且Tom20蛋白表达在染毒后3 h最高（P < 0.05）;故选取染毒后3 h为干预时间点。透射电镜结果显示,氯气暴露后3 h,肺血管内皮细胞中线粒体明显肿胀,嵴数量减少或消失。与阴性对照组相比,氯气染毒后大鼠肺组织中PINK1、Parkin以及线粒体PINK1蛋白表达显著升高（P < 0.05）,线粒体Parkin蛋白表达显著下降（P < 0.05）;肺组织Na⁺,K⁺-ATP酶和Ca²⁺,Mg²⁺-ATP酶以及血清LDH的活力均显著升高（P < 0.05）。红景天苷干预可显著逆转因氯气暴露引起的上述检测指标的异常表达（P < 0.05）。结论：氯气致大鼠急性肺损伤过程中,血管内皮细胞线粒体结构与功能受损,呈时间效应关系。红景天苷可能通过保护线粒体,改善氯气暴露引起的急性肺损伤。     

芜湖市某化工厂周围水中挥发酚含量的调查

通过对芜湖市某化工厂周围环境水包括排放出口处的长江水中挥发酚含量测定，结果总均值Ｘ＝０．００２３０４ｍｇ·Ｌ－１。比国家规定生活饮用水标准０．００２ｍｇ·Ｌ－１略高，但不超过国家规定的地面水中挥发酚含量标准０．０１ｍｇ·Ｌ－１。所以该厂对周围水及长江水没有造成明显的酚污染，同时表明：不同时间和地点采样的水中挥发酚含量有差别。     

平衡火罐联合艾灸治疗脾胃虚寒型胃癌术后胃肠功能障碍临床研究

目的:观察平衡火罐联合艾灸治疗脾胃虚寒型胃癌术后患者胃肠功能障碍的临床疗效。方法:将64例脾胃虚寒型胃癌患者按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各32例。对照组有2例因术后不愿意配合下床活动而退出,观察组有1例因术后转入ICU而退出。对照组常规围手术期护理加艾灸足三里穴位疗法,观察组在对照组基础上加平衡火罐疗法。观察2组患者术后肠鸣音恢复、首次肛门排气、首次排便、首次进食时间以及腹胀、腹痛、恶心呕吐症状。结果:观察组肠鸣音、肛门排气排便出现时间以及进食时间均短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组腹痛、腹胀、恶心评分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:平衡火罐联合艾灸可有效促进脾胃虚寒型胃癌术后肠蠕动的恢复。     

The diagnostic significance of Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography in Sjögren syndrome, aqueous tear deficiency and lipid tear deficiency patients

Purpose: To determine the role of Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) in tear meniscus imaging and evaluate its diagnostic significance in Sj?gren syndrome (SS), non-Sj?gren's aqueous tear deficiency (ATD) and lipid tear deficiency (LTD) patients. Methods: Two hundred and thirty-six dry eye patients and 174 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. All subjects were grouped as follows: group A (ATD), group B (LTD), group C (SS) and group D (normal controls). All subjects underwent dry eye questionnaire, FD-OCT scanning, tear film break-up time (BUT), corneal fluorescence staining and Schirmer I test (SIT). Tear meniscus height (TMH), tear meniscus depth (TMD) and tear meniscus cross-sectional area (TMA) were measured using FD-OCT (RTVue-100). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and the cut-off point were determined using a logistic regression model. Results: Mean TMH, TMD, TMA, BUT and SIT of dry eye patients were significantly lower than those of the controls (p?相似文献   

Abnormal expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α and clinical values of molecular-targeted interference in hepatocellular carcinoma

Objective  

The aim of this study was to analyze the expression features of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and effects of HIF-1α silencing on HepG2 cells.     

Potentiation of tumor radiotherapy by a radiation-inducible oncolytic and oncoapoptotic adenovirus in cervical cancer xenografts

The p53 tumor suppressor pathway is impaired in more than 90% of cervical cancers and cancer-derived cell lines as a result of infection by human papillomavirus (HPV). The HPV E6 oncoprotein forms complexes with p53 and promotes its degradation via ubiquitin-dependent mechanism. In our study, we attempted to improve the clinical outcomes of this combined therapy by modifying the p53-targeted adenovirus to become radiation-responsive. The antitumor adenovirus was constructed by inserting a radiation-responsive expression cassette composed of the promoter of early growth response-1 (Egr-1) and the proapoptotic protein TRAIL. We showed that the addition of adenovirus containing Egr-1/TRAIL significantly increased cell death and apoptosis caused by radiotherapy. In mice bearing xenograft tumors, intratumoral administration of the Egr-1/TRAIL adenovirus followed by radiation significantly reduced tumor growth and enhanced tumor survival. Our Egr-1/TRAIL adenoviral gene product may offer a novel "one-two punch" tumor therapy for cervical cancers not only by potentiating radiation treatment but also by preserving p53 defect-specific tumor killing of the oncolytic adenovirus.     

四例重症SARS无创正压通气脱机因素分析

目的：观察长期无创正压通气对重症SARS患者治疗的安全性、有效性。探讨影响重症SARS脱机因素。方法：分析4例脱机的重症SARS病例的临床资料。结果：4例患者均存在明显的低氧血症和严重并发症，应用无创正压通气可明显改善呼吸困难，纠正低氧血症。呼吸模式为压力支持通气 呼气末正压(PSV PEEP)，：PSV水平为10～23cmH2O，PEEP水平为4～10cmH2O。4例患者带机时间27～42d。结论：4例患者资料显示长期无创正压通气用于治疗重症SARS患者是安全、有效的方法。