基于ADC和增强MRI的影像组学模型预测低级别胶质瘤TERT启动子突变状态

目的:探讨基于ADC和增强MRI的影像组学模型对低级别胶质瘤端粒酶逆转录酶基因（TERT）启动子突变状态的预测价值。方法:回顾性搜集109例经病理证实的低级别胶质瘤患者,所有患者术前均行MRI检查,在ADC和对比增强T₁WI（T₁CE）图像上选取病灶最大层面,沿肿瘤边缘勾画ROI,提取影像组学特征。采用三联法（Fisher, POE+ACC,MI）和最小绝对收缩选择算子（LASSO）进行特征筛选,然后行多因素logistic回归分析,构建影像组学预测模型。采用ROC曲线评估预测模型的诊断效能。结果:在ADC和T₁CE图像上分别提取279个影像组学特征,最终筛选出11个影像组学特征,分别建立ADC模型、T₁CE模型和联合分析（ADC+T1CE）模型共3个影像组学模型。联合分析模型的预测效能最佳,训练集中曲线下面积（AUC）为0.928（95%CI:0.859～0.996）,验证集中AUC为0.878（95%CI:0.758～0.997）。结论:基于ADC和增强MRI的影像组学模型能有效预测低级别胶质瘤...     

基质金属蛋白酶/组织金属蛋白酶抑制物表达失衡在大鼠肾脏衰老过程中的意义

目的:探讨基质金属蛋白酶(MMPs)及其抑制物(TIMPs)在大鼠肾脏衰老过程中的作用。方法:选用3、12和24月龄大鼠，采用免疫组化技术分别检测基质金属蛋白酶—2、9(MMP—2、9)、组织金属蛋白酶抑制物—1、2(TIMP—1、2)、转化生长因子—β1(TGF—β1)等在不同月龄大鼠肾组织中的表达。结果TIMP—1、TIMP—2及TGF—β1主要表达在肾小球、肾小管、间质及血管，并随增龄表达增强(P＜O．01)；MMP—9、MMP—2主要表达在肾小管上皮细胞，随增龄表达无变化；TIMP—1与TGF—β1与肾小球硬化面积有相关性(r分别为O．751、O．771，P＜O．05)；TIMP—1与TIMP—2与小管间质纤维化面积有相关性(r分别为O．783、O．766，P＜O．O5)。结论:MMPs／TIMPs表达失衡在肾脏衰老过程中可能起重要作用。     

Experimental reconstruction of dog's esophagus with biotype artificial esophagus

OBJECTIVE: At present, there are few materials available for esophagus reconstruction anywhere in the world. The reported survival rate in animals during the perioperative period is comparatively low. The present study assessed the feasibility of using a biotype artificial esophagus in the reconstruction of a dog's esophagus. METHODS: In 30 mongrel dogs, a portion of the thoracic esophagus was resected and an 8 cm section of artificial esophagus was transplanted to reconstruct the organ. The survival rate, food intake and process of healing were observed. RESULTS: Of the 30 dogs, 28 survived the peri­operative period (93.3% survival). Two dogs (6.7%) developed an anastomotic fistula; 19 dogs survived for 1 year, a survival rate of 79.2% (19/24) with the remaining six dogs were killed according to the experimental protocol. Detachment of the artificial esophagus occurred on average 28.8 days after operation and the dogs suffered from varying degrees of dysphagia 23?45 days after operation. Gradual remission occurred after 4 months. The histological study revealed that the regenerated esophagus was composed of fibrous and connective tissues and the luminal surface was covered with squamous epithelium in 3?6 months. CONCLUSION: The transplanted artificial esophagus detached after the surrounding ‘regenerated esophagus’ had formed, and the squamous epithelium gradually covered the luminal surface. Continuous remodeling of the ‘regenerated esophagus’ gradually relieved the stenosis. Whether detachment of the implant and the postoperative stenosis can be solved is the key problem restricting the use of the biotype artificial esophagus in clinical practice.     

Effects of hypocaloric diet and exercise training on inflammation and adipocyte lipolysis in obese postmenopausal women

The purpose of this study was to determine whether a hypocaloric diet with and without exercise training is effective in reducing plasma C-reactive protein, IL-6, TNFalpha, and their soluble receptors (sIL-6R, sTNFR1, and sTNFR2), and whether changes in these inflammatory markers are related to changes in regional lipolysis in obese (body mass index, 32.78 +/- 4.73) postmenopausal women (diet alone, n = 17; diet plus exercise, n = 17). All inflammatory markers were measured by an ELISA method. In vitro lipolysis was evaluated by measuring glycerol release using a one-step enzymatic fluorometric technique. Six months of diet and diet plus exercise decreased total and abdominal fat to a similar degree. Diet plus exercise, but not diet alone, decreased plasma levels of C-reactive protein, IL-6, sIL-6R, and sTNFR1 and increased basal and postreceptor stimulated lipolysis in both abdominal and gluteal regions. Changes in abdominal stimulated lipolysis correlated significantly with changes in plasma IL-6 (r = -0.39) and TNFR1 (r = -047). Thus, diet plus exercise training, but not diet alone, is effective in reducing chronic inflammation in obese postmenopausal women. In addition, modification of chronic inflammation is associated with changes in local adipose tissue metabolism in response to diet and exercise.     

安徽及周边省份绵羊和山羊隐孢子虫分子特性分析

目的　调查安徽及周边省份绵羊和山羊隐孢子虫流行情况及分子特性。方法　选择安徽省及其周边的河南、江苏和山东部分地区的7个规模化绵羊场和10个规模化山羊场，分别采集832份和781份新鲜绵羊和山羊粪便样品，利用隐孢子虫SSU rDNA基因特异的巢氏PCR技术对所有样品进行检测，调查上述地区绵羊和山羊隐孢子虫感染和虫种分布；对获得的微小隐孢子虫和泛在隐孢子虫进行gp60基因扩增与分析，以鉴定其基因亚型。结果　安徽及周边省份绵羊和山羊隐孢子虫感染率分别为5.8%（48/832）和8.7%（68/781）。SSU rDNA基因分析显示，绵羊感染的隐孢子虫为肖氏隐孢子虫和泛在隐孢子虫，山羊感染的隐孢子虫为微小隐孢子虫。gp60基因分析显示，泛在隐孢子虫基因亚型均为XIIa亚型2，微小隐孢子虫基因亚型均为IIdA19G1。结论　人兽共患泛在隐孢子虫XIIa亚型2和微小隐孢子虫 IIdA19G1基因亚型的鉴定，提示绵羊和山羊可能为人隐孢子虫感染的潜在来源。     

血清转化生长因子β1检测对血吸虫病肝纤维化的诊断和疗效评估的价值

转化生长因子β1(TGFβ1)是肝纤维化形成过程中重要的细胞因子之一。TGFβ1主要存在于炎症和纤维化部位，在不同肝病患者肝脏中的表达均显著增高^[1]。由于肝活检具有一定的创伤性，不利于动态观察和疗效考核，陈峰等^[2]曾应用RT-PCR和dot blot法检测外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)中TGF β1 mRNA，并认为PBMC中TGF β1 mRNA水平与肝纤维化的     

Determination of High Mobility Group A1 (HMGA1) Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Potential Prognostic Marker

Our objective was to investigate the expression of HMGA1 mRNA and protein in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the correlation between its expression and clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis. HMGA1 expression was determined at both the mRNA level and the protein level in 30 HCC tissues and their corresponding paracancer liver tissues (PCLTs) and 2 normal liver tissues by RT-PCR and IHC. Follow-up study was done on the 30 patients involved in this research. HMGA1 mRNA was detected in nine cases of HCC tissues and two PCLTs, for a positivity rate of 30% and 6.7%, respectively (P < 0.05), whereas no HMGA1 mRNA expression was found in normal liver tisssues. Clinicopathological analysis revealed that HMGA1 mRNA expression was significantly correlated with Edmondson's grade (P < 0.05). HMGA1 protein was detected in four HCC tissues by IHC and located mainly in the nuclei; no positive staining was found in PCLTs. Follow-up study showed that HMGA1 mRNA-positive patients had a higher risk of recurrence/metastasis and a shorter survival than negative cases (P < 0.05). Our findings indicate that HMGA1 may be involved in the carcinogenesis and invasiveness of HCC and the determination of HMGA1 can be of great value in predicting the prognosis of patients with HCC. This work was supported in part by National Key Technologies R&D Program Grant 2001BA703B04 and National Basic Research Program Grant 2004CB720303, Ministry of Science and Technology, People's Republic of China.     

Brk is coamplified with ErbB2 to promote proliferation in breast cancer

Amplification of the receptor tyrosine kinase ErbB2 is frequently observed in breast cancer. Amplification of erbB2 is also associated with multiple genomic gains and losses; however, the importance of these associated changes is largely unknown. We demonstrate that Brk, a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase, is coamplified and coexpressed with ErbB2 in human breast cancers. ErbB2 interacts with Brk and increases its intrinsic kinase activity. Expression of Brk enhances the ErbB2-induced activation of Ras/MAPK signaling and cyclin E/cdk2 activity to induce cell proliferation of mammary 3-dimensional acini in culture. In a murine model of breast cancer, expression of Brk was found to shorten the latency of ErbB2-induced tumors by promoting cell proliferation, with no effect on protection from apoptosis. Furthermore, overexpression of Brk conferred resistance to the ability of Lapatinib, an ErbB2 kinase inhibitor, to inhibit ErbB2-induced proliferation. Thus, we identified Brk as a drug target for ErbB2-positive cancers.     

二尖瓣关闭不全的介入治疗新进展

为了减轻二尖瓣关闭不全外科手术和体外循环所带来的创伤和风险,基于外科边对边缝合和瓣环成形的手术方式,近年来二尖瓣关闭不全的介入治疗得到了快速发展,包括经二尖瓣边对边修补术和瓣环成形术,前者经穿房间隔途径送入钳夹装置或负压抽吸缝合装置,钳夹或缝合前后瓣边缘,形成双孔二尖瓣,后者经右颈内静脉途径把缩环装置植入冠状静脉窦内,缩短瓣环前后径,以减轻二尖瓣反流。两种方法均已从动物实验过渡到临床试验,均显示了良好的治疗作用,但还需技术上的进一步改进和长期大规模的临床评价。