宾州忧虑问卷在中国大学生人群中的初步修订

目的:考察宾州忧虑问卷在中国非临床样本中的因素结构,并检验宾州忧虑问卷的总分和各素分的性别差异。方法:于2005-11选择北京大学2002～2005级的本科生677人为量表结构分析和一致性信度检验的测试样本。第一次施测8周后选择2004级本科生40人作为重测样本。调查问卷包括宾州忧虑问卷(16个项目,各项目均采取5点程度评估);Padua问卷(包括60个项目,各项目均采取5点程度评估,包含4个因素,因素Ⅰ:思维失控与怀疑感。因素Ⅱ:污染。因素Ⅲ:检查。因素Ⅳ:受驱使与行为失控感);状态特质焦虑问卷(状态焦虑量表和特质焦虑量表两个分量表共40个描述题组成,用来测量个体作为人格特质的焦虑倾向);贝克抑郁问卷(评价抑郁的严重程度,4级评分,总分范围为0～39分)。采用集体测试采集数据。结果:发放问卷677份,全部收回且合格,均进入结果分析。①探索性因素分析获得宾州忧虑问卷的2个因素:一般焦虑和焦虑缺失。②宾州忧虑问卷信度检验:总分的α系数为0.89,一般焦虑和焦虑缺失的α系数分别为0.91,0.69,重测信度分别为0.72,0.55。③宾州忧虑问卷的总分及一般焦虑和焦虑缺失因素的得分与状态特质焦虑问卷总分,贝克抑郁量表总分,Padua强迫问卷的因素1(思维失控与怀疑感)得分有较高的相关,说明有良好的汇聚效度。④男女被试在宾州忧虑问卷总分及一般焦虑和焦虑缺失因素得分差异无显著性意义。结论:宾州忧虑问卷在中国大学生人群中具备合格的信度和汇聚效度,需进一步研究其区分效度。     

慢性应激对急性心肌梗死大鼠血液流变学的影响

目的 探讨慢性应激(冰水游泳、热刺激、夹尾等结合)对实验性急性心肌梗死(AMI)大鼠血液流变性的影响.方法 在建立大鼠实验性急性心肌梗死(结扎法)模型的基础上,通过施加28d的慢性应激(随机刺激包括冰水游泳,4℃, 5min;热刺激,45℃,5min;禁食24h;禁水24h;夹尾1min;昼夜颠倒24h;高速水平摇晃,1次/s,5min;频闪灯照射,120次/min等)刺激,每种刺激最多不超过3次.半随机安排,使动物不能预知次日的刺激,刺激时间28d.第29d,动物麻醉取血,观察其全血黏度、红细胞聚集指数、红细胞变形指数和血小板聚集性等血液流变学指标的变化.结果 AMI组、AMI 应激组动物低剪切率下的全血黏度显著升高,和正常组比较有显著差异( P＜0.01);应激组、AMI组和AMI 应激组动物的血小板聚集率也显著升高,和正常组比较有显著差异( P＜0.01);应激组和AMI 应激组的红细胞变形指数明显降低,和正常组比较有显著差异( P＜0.01).结论 慢性应激可促使大鼠的血液流变性发生改变,加剧急性心肌梗死大鼠的血液流变学指标向浓、粘、聚状态发展.     

Obsessions appear after the removal a brain tumor in the right frontal lobe

A series of case reports and neuroimaging research points to the underlying neuropathological substrate for obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) and the underlying associations between OCD and areas of the frontal lobe. We report a patient wherein the onset of OCD occurred after resection of meningioma of the right frontal lobe and who was treated successfully with paroxetine hydrochloride. We suggest that the onset of secondary (organic) OCD is associated with the frontal lobe, and we propose that the origin of obsessions is located in the right frontal lobe.     

Significance of perivesical lymph nodes in radical cystectomy for bladder cancer

ObjectiveThe location of positive lymph nodes (LNs) is important for bladder cancer staging. Little is known regarding the impact of perivesical (PV) lymph node (PVLN) involvement on survival. This study characterized PVLN identified after radical cystectomy (RC) and analyzed their impact on recurrence and survival.Materials and methodsWe reviewed our institutional review board–approved database including all patients who underwent RC with pelvic lymphadenectomy for curative intent for urothelial carcinoma. Clinical and pathologic data were obtained. Patients were analyzed in groups according to the location of positive LNs: PV+/other LN (ON)+, PV+/ON?, and PV?/ON+. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to estimate recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Multivariable Cox regression (including pathologic T category, number of positive LNs, highest level of positive LNs, chemotherapy, and margin status) was performed to evaluate associations between PVLN status and survival.ResultsIn total, 2,017 patients met inclusion criteria and 465 (23%) were LN+. PVLNs were identified in 936 patients (47%), positive in 197 patients (10%), and represented isolated LN+disease in 101 patients (5%). On univariate analysis, RFS and OS were significantly worse in the PV+/ON+group compared with the PV+/ON? and PV?/ON+ groups. There were no significant differences in RFS or OS between the PV+/ON? and PV?/ON+ groups. On multivariable analysis, PV+/ON+disease was independently associated with worse RFS and OS when compared with PV?/ON+ disease.ConclusionsPVLNs were identified in a significant number of patients after RC. Positive PVLN, when in combination with other positive LNs, portends worse survival even when correcting for the number of positive nodes.     

A prospective study concerning the relationship between metal allergy and post-operative pain following total hip and knee arthroplasty

Purpose

A prospective study was conducted to detect whether a relationship exists between metal allergy and post-operative pain in total hip and knee arthroplasty patients. We postulated that to some extent a relationship does exist between them.

Materials and methods

Patients who had undergone total hip and knee arthroplasty surgery because of hip and knee disease were included. The exclusion criteria were patients who were treated with immunosuppressor two weeks pre-operatively, skin conditions around the patch testing site, and other uncontrollable factors. Each patient agreed to patch testing for three days before surgery. Photographic images before patch testing, two and three days after patch testing were obtained to evaluate the final incidence of metal allergy. The patch tests contained 12 metal elements; chromium, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, titanium, aluminium, vanadium, iron, manganese, tin, zirconium, and copper. Two independent observers evaluated the images. The results were divided into a non-metal allergy group and a metal allergy group. Pre-operative and postoperative VAS score, lymphocyte transforming test, and X-rays were collected to detect the relationship between metal allergy and post-operative pain following total hip and knee arthroplasty.

Results

There were 96 patients who underwent pre-operative patch testing. The overall metal allergy rate was 51.1 % (49/96) in our study. Nickel, cobalt, manganese, and tin were the most common allergic metal elements in our study. Nine inappropriate cases were excluded, and 87 patients were finally included in our study. There were 36 metal allergy and 26 non-metal allergy patients in the THA group, while 11 metal allergy and 14 non-metal allergy patients were found in the TKA group. We found no relationship existed between metal allergy and post-surgery pain in total hip and knee arthroplasty.

Conclusion

Pain caused by metal allergy usually presents as persistent and recurrent pain. The white cell count, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and postoperative radiographs were not affected. Currently, patch testing and lymphocyte transforming tests are used for metal allergy diagnosis. We deemed that a relationship between post-surgery pain and metal allergy in total hip and knee patients may exist to some extent. Larger samples and longer follow-up time are essential for further study.     

New bone formation enhanced by ADSCs overexpressing hRunx2 during mandibular distraction osteogenesis in osteoporotic rabbits

Promoting new bone formation during distraction osteogenesis (DO) in elderly patients with osteoporosis is still a challenge. In this study, we investigated the effect of gene therapy using local Runt‐related gene 2 on new bone formation during osteoporotic mandibular DO in rabbits. First, we successfully established a mandibular osteoporotic animal model by ovariectomizing rabbits. Second, the right mandibles of the osteoporotic rabbits were distracted after corticotomy. The distraction gap of the rabbits in Group A2 and B2 were injected with Adv‐hRunx2‐GFP‐transfected adipose‐derived stromal cells (ADSCs) and Adv‐GFP‐transfected ADSCs, respectively. Rabbits in Groups C2 (ovariectomized control) and D2 (sham surgery control) were injected with physiologic saline. New‐generation bone tissue in the distraction gap was analyzed via plain radiographic examinations, micro‐computed tomography, histological examinations, and biomechanical testing at weeks 3, 6, and 9 of the consolidation period. Results of above examinations showed that no ideal new bone formation was observed in Groups B2 and C2, but obvious ideal new bone formation was observed in Group A2 and D2. The results suggested that gene therapy using rhRunx2‐modified ADSCs promoted new bone formation during osteoporotic mandibular DO and effectively compensated for the detrimental effects of systemic osteoporosis on new bone formation. © 2014 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:709–720, 2014.