Delayed wound healing in Mac-1–deficient mice is associated with normal monocyte recruitment

The Mac-1 integrin is an important mediator of migration and inflammatory activation of neutrophils and monocytes. However, the role of Mac-1 in modulating macrophage emigration and activation and its subsequent impact on cutaneous wound healing have not been fully elucidated. To examine the significance of Mac-1 to murine wound healing, we measured epithelialization and granulation tissue formation in partial-thickness ear wounds and full-thickness head wounds, respectively, in Mac-1-deficient mice. Wounds were histologically analyzed at postwounding days 3, 5, and 7. The gap measured between the leading edges of inward-migrating granulation tissue was significantly increased in knockout mice compared with control animals at day 5 (3.8+/-0.3 vs. 2.6+/-0.5 mm; p<0.001) and day 7 (2.2+/-0.4 vs. 0.96+/-0.73 mm; p=0.005). Epithelial gap measurements were also increased in knockout mice vs. wild-type controls at days 3 (0.62+/-0.02 vs. 0.54+/-0.07 mm; p<0.05) and 5 (0.58+/-0.06 vs. 0.39+/-0.08 mm; p<0.001). Immunohistochemistry showed equal numbers of macrophages in knockout and control wounds. These findings show that Mac-1 is required for normal wound healing but that the attenuation in the deposition of granulation tissue and wound epithelialization in Mac-1 knockout mice is not associated with decreased monocyte migration into the wound.     

腹腔镜D3淋巴清扫联合保留盆腔自主神经直肠癌根治术对男性性功能的影响

目的 对比分析腹腔镜和开腹联合保留自主神经的D3直肠癌根治术对男性性功能的影响.方法 采用前瞻性研究的方法,将我院2006年6月至2007年10月入选的男性直肠癌患者119例随机分别进行开腹(OS组59例)和腹腔镜(LS组60例)手术,两组病例均采用联合保留自主神经的D3直肠癌根治术.在术前和术后3、6和12个月,分别采用IIEF问卷对男性性功能进行评价,对比两组病例术后性功能情况.结果 术后3次随访结果显示,LS组性功能障碍总发生率分别为23.3%、18.3%和11.6%,OS组分别为32.2%、27.1%和16.9%;两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 腹腔镜D3淋巴清扫联合保留自主神经的直肠癌根治术能够达到与开腹手术相同的效果.     

小脑后下动脉动脉瘤的诊断和治疗

目的探讨小脑后下动脉动脉瘤的临床特征、诊断、鉴别诊断和治疗。方法回顾性分析12例小脑后下动脉瘤的临床表现、影像学特征、手术效果及诊治过程中存在的相关问题。结果12例中有11例因动脉瘤破裂出血而发病,单纯第四脑室出血4例,全脑室系统出血2例,小脑半球出血3例,小脑蚓部伴第四脑室出血1例,侧脑室伴第三脑室出血1例,以后颅窝占位病变表现1例。8例术前行DSA检查明确诊断,4例术中明确诊断。12例均行后颅窝开颅显微手术治疗,其中动脉瘤颈夹闭9例,孤立切除2例,动脉瘤加固术1例,术后2例因脑积水加重行脑室-腹腔分流术。12例中除1例术后留有轻偏瘫外,其余11例恢复良好。结论小脑后下动脉瘤多以第四脑室出血发病,少数以小脑半球或蚓部出血发病,及早治疗效果满意。手术方式应尽量夹闭动脉瘤颈,对于小脑后下动脉末端动脉瘤,可以采用孤立切除术。     

Nerve growth factor and tyrosine kinase A in human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma: expression patterns and effects on in vitro invasive behavior.

PURPOSE: Perineural invasion is a frequent occurrence in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and may prevent complete surgical resection. Studies have indicated that nerve growth factor (NGF) and its high-affinity receptor tyrosine kinase A (TrkA) may play a role in perineural invasion in several malignancies in which perineural invasion is observed. The present study was conducted to investigate the expression of NGF and TrkA in salivary ACC and to examine the effects of NGF on adhesion, migration and invasion capacities of a salivary ACC cell line (SACC-83) in vitro. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Expression of NGF and TrkA was explored using immunohistochemistry in paraffin-embedded tissues of 32 cases of salivary ACC. The effects of NGF on in vitro adhesion, migration, and invasion capacities of the SACC-83 cell line were examined using an MTT assay and a modified Boyden chamber assay respectively. RESULTS: In ACC specimens, 31 (96.9%) and 32 (100%) tumors showed immunoreactivity for NGF and TrkA respectively. Significant correlations were found between NGF/TrkA expression levels and perineural invasion (P < .05). In cell adhesion assay, the percent adherences of SACC-83 cells co-cultured with 25 ng/ml NGF at 1.5 hours and 5, 25 ng/ml NGF at 6 hours were significantly higher than that co-cultured with 0 ng/ml NGF (P < .05). However, high concentration of NGF (500 ng/ml) resulted in a significant inhibition of invasion (P < .05). CONCLUSION: Overexpression of NGF and TrkA in human salivary ACC tissues may constitute a reason for perineural invasion in salivary ACC.     

经皮穿刺椎体成形术治疗合并肺气肿的胸椎压缩性骨折

目的 探讨合并严重肺气肿的胸椎压缩性骨折进行经皮穿刺椎体成形术的技术特点和治疗效果。方法 7例(10个椎体)合并严重肺气肿并且透视椎体显示不清的胸椎骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折患，侧卧位在CT结合C型臂透视引导下进行经皮穿刺椎体成形术。术前、术后2d和随访时分别测定疼痛强度评分、止痛药使用和活动能力评分。随访2-8个月，平均5个月。结果 7例皆顺利完成手术，注射骨水泥的量平均2．2ml／椎体(1．0～4．0m1)，无临床并发症，手术时间2—3．5h／例。疼痛强度评分值术后2d比术前平均减低3．9，随访时进一步下降0．2—2．9，活动能力和止痛药使用术后均明显改善。结论 合并肺气肿的胸椎压缩性骨折患行经皮穿刺椎体成形术治疗前应进行骨折椎体透视检查，显示不清选择侧卧位在CT结合C型臂透视引导下穿刺注射可获得良好疗效。     

急性重型颅脑损伤ET和CGRP含量变化及其临床意义

目的　探讨急性重型颅脑损伤 (ASBI)患者血浆中内皮素 (ET)和降钙素基因相关肽 (CGRP)的含量变化及其临床意义。方法　用放免法测定 2 8例ASBI患者伤后 6～ 2 4h血浆中ET及CGRP含量。结果　ASBI患者ET含量明显增多 ,差别有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;CGRP也有一定的增多 ,但无显著性差异。结论　ET和CGRP共同参与ASBI病理生理反应过程 ,ET释放增加是加重脑继发性损害的重要因素     

Alpha-smooth muscle actin in pathological human disc nucleus pulposus cells in vivo and in vitro

That a contractile actin isoform has been found in cells of other cartilage tissues in healing and disease states prompted this investigation of the presence of alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) in pathological human intervertebral disc tissue. The presence of this isoform has been reported in human intervertebral disc specimens obtained at autopsy from subjects for whom there were no reported symptoms. An objective of this study was to evaluate the cell density and percentage of alpha-SMA-containing cells in pathological nucleus pulposus tissue obtained from lumbar disc surgery from 17 patients. Additionally, explants of nucleus pulposus material were cultured to determine how alpha-SMA expression changed with time in vitro. Seventy-six 5-mm diameter explants (approximately 2 mm thick) pooled from six lumbar surgeries were cultured for 1, 2, 4, or 6 weeks. Microtomed sections of paraffin-embedded specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin or a monoclonal antibody to alpha-SMA. Histologically, cells were categorized as to alpha-SMA phenotype (positive or negative), and the areal cell density was determined. The evaluation of the cultured nucleus pulposus explants also included documentation of the percentage of cells that were round or elongated and the percentage of the cells that were part of a group (group: >/= 2 cells). Every nucleus pulposus section exhibited the presence of alpha-SMA-containing cells, which accounted for approximately 24 percent of the cells in vivo. In vivo, the cell density was significantly higher in older individuals (p = 0.02). The average time for cell outgrowth from the explants was 8.6 days. Approximately 10-15 percent of the cells in the explants stained positive for alpha-SMA. The time in culture had no significant effect on any of the outcome measures except the percentage of alpha-SMA-containing cells that were round (p = 0.008), with values decreasing through 4 weeks and then slightly rising at 6 weeks. The role of alpha-SMA in intervertebral disc pathology warrants further investigation.     

ERP evidence of impaired central nervous system function in virally suppressed HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on central nervous system (CNS) function in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) who have suppressed viral loads. METHODS: Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded from 15 virally suppressed HIV patients and 15 age-, sex-, and education-matched controls while they performed a 3-stimulus auditory oddball task. The amplitude and latency of the P3a, P3b, and early auditory components were examined in HIV patients and controls. RESULTS: Virally suppressed HIV patients on ART were more depressed than controls, as determined by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). After controlling for the effects of depression, HIV patients had smaller P2, P3a, and P3b amplitudes and longer P3a and P3b latency than control subjects. BDI scores correlated positively with N1 latency in HIV patients and negatively with P3b amplitude in all subjects. CONCLUSIONS: These electrophysiological results suggest that, even in the absence of detectable levels of HIV in the peripheral blood, viral replication persists in the CNS and continues to cause disease in HIV patients on ART.     

超声心动图测定未闭动脉导管内径及临床意义

目的　探讨超声心动图测定未闭动脉导管内径的可靠性及其在导管法封堵动脉导管未闭症 (PDA)中的临床意义。　方法　 4 4例 PDA患者 ,男 18例 ,女 2 6例 ,平均 10 .8± 10 .5岁。应用二维超声心动图 (2 DE)及彩色多普勒血流显像 (CDFI)测定 PDA近端及最小内径 ,并与 X线造影测值及最终所选择的封堵器直径比较。　结果　 2 DE及 CDFI显示 PDA解剖全程及测量 PDA内径的成功率分别为 5 7%和 10 0 % ;2 DE对 PDA直径测量的均值显著低于 X线测值及封堵器实际尺寸 ,其回归方程斜率更偏离 1,截距较大 ,估计标准误高 ;CDFI对 PDA直径测量的平均值与 X线测值差异无显著性 ,但平均小于封堵器尺寸 2 .9mm,其回归方程斜率更接近 1,截距小及估计标准误小。　结论　与 2 DE相比 ,CDFI能更准确地测量 PDA直径 ;在导管封堵术中选择封堵器时 ,CDFI的 PDA直径测值可与 X线测量互相补充甚至可替代 X线造影 ,避免穿刺股动脉的技术困难及大量注射造影剂的副作用